The document discusses the eggplant (Solanum melongena), including its botanical name, family, physical characteristics, cultivation requirements, pests, and diseases. Eggplants prefer warm temperatures between 13-21°C and fertile, well-drained soil. They require regular irrigation and fertilization. Popular varieties in Pakistan include Neelum, White Egg, and Mirpurkhas Selection. When harvested, the fruit is still somewhat unripe but well colored. Key pests that affect the crop include fruit borers, stem borers, thrips, and whiteflies.

2.  Botanical name :
Solanum melongena
 Family :
Solanaceae

3.  The flower is white to
purple, with a five-
lobed corolla and
yellow stamens.
 Plant height is usually
40-150cm.
 These have large
coarsely lobed leaves.
 Fruit color is glossy
black.
 The fruit is less than
3cm in diameter but 30
cm in cultivated form.

6.  It has medicinal
properties.
 White brinjal is said to
be good for diabetic
patients.
 Eggplants contain
certain essential phyto
nutrients which
improve blood
circulation and nourish
the brain.

7.  Brinjal requires long warm growing season for
successful production.
 It is killed by severe frost. Long spell of chilly frost
free weather may also damage the crop
 Temperature of 13˚ - 21˚C is most favourable for
successful production.

8.  Fertile and well drained soils are desirable
 On sandy or sandy loam soil its production is maximum.

9.  FYM at the rate of 20-25 tons per hectare should
be added at the time of soil preparation.
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium
1oo kg/ha 50kg/ha 50kg/ha

11.  Sowing is done in September or early October
and seedlings are transplanted in November
 In hilly areas seeds are sown in April and
seedlings are transplanted in May.

12.  Main season for sowing
brinjals are
1) Autumn-winter crop: Seed is
sown in June and seedlings
are transplanted in July.
2) Spring-winter crop: Seed is
sown in early November and
seedlings are transplanted
during January and early
February
3) Rainy season crop: Seed is
sown in March and seedlings
are transplanted in April.

13.  Transplanting is done in
standing water.
 1st irrigation should be
given 4 days after
planting.
 In summer weekly
irrigation is necessary
 In winter fortnight
irrigation is preferable.

14.  The fruit is harvested before it is fully ripe but it should
be well colored.
 Harvesting is done by cutting with knife or plucking by
hand

16.  Neelum
 White egg
 Mirpurkhas selection
 Multan selection
 Sarhandi long

18.  The average yield varies from 22,000-25,000
kg/ha.

19.  Brinjal fruit borrer
 Brinjal stem borrer
 Leaf roller
 Thrips
 Whitefly
 Aphid
 Jassid
 Beetle

23.  Little leaf brinjal
 Bacterial wilt
 Phomopsis fruit rot