Brinjal cultivation

1. BRINJAL

2. • INTRODUCTION OF BRINJAL
• HEALTH BENEFITS
• VARIETY
• SEASEON
• SEED RATE
• SEED TREATMENT
• SOIL
• FIELD PREPARATION
• SPACING
• SOWING
• IRRIGATION
• FERTILIZER REQUREMENT
• WEED CONTROL
• DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT
• HARVESTING
• YIELD
CONTENT:-

3. Brinjal (Solanum melongena), also known as eggplant or aubergine, is an
easily cultivated plant belonging to the family Solanaceae. Its fruit is high in
nutrition and commonly consumed as a vegetable. The fruit and other parts
of the plant are used in traditional medicine.
HEALTH BENEFITS:-Brinjal may help to lower the risk of many heart
diseases such as heart attack and stroke by apparently reducing the damage
caused by free radicals. It may help with blood circulation in the heart due to
its essential components such as bioactive compounds, potassium, fibre and
vitamin B6.
•INTRODUCTION OF BRINJAL

4. • VARIETY:-Surya, Swetha and Haritha (bacterial wilt resistant open
pollinated varieties), Neelima (bacterial wilt resistant F1hybrid), Pusa
Purple Cluster
• SEASEON:-June - July.
• SEED RATE:-400 g / ha
• SEED TREATMENT:-Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride @ 4 g / kg
or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g / kg of seed. Treat the seeds with
Azospirillum @ 100 g / kg of seeds just before sowing.
• SOIL:-Brinjal can be grown on all types of soils. However, it grows best
in loose, friable, well-drained silt loam or clay loam soils rich in organic
matter. An early crop gives good yield in light soils.

5. FIELD PREPARATION:-
*The field is prepared at least 10-15 days before transplanting by one
deep ploughing. with four or five harrowing and leveling of soil.
*At the last ploughing, 25 tonnes of FYM is applied and incorporated.
*Ridges and furrows are formed at a spacing of 75 cm.
*Stones, weeds and debries should be cleared from the field before
transplanting.
SPACING:-
75 x 60 cm. and for hybrid variety- 90X60
SOWING:-
Brinjal seeds are sown on nursery beds to raise seedlings for
transplanting in the field. Raised beds are necessary to avoid problem of
water logging in heavy soils. Raised beds of size 7.2 x 1.2 m and 10-15 cm
in height are prepared.

6. • IRRIGATION:-A light irrigation is given on the first and third day after
transplanting. Thereafter irrigation is given at an interval of 8-10 days
during winter and 5-6 days during summer.
• FERTILIZER REQUREMENT:- Brinjal being a long duration crop,
requires a good amount of manures and fertilizers for high yield. The
nutrient requirement for varieties is,basal dose:- 100:50:50 kg
NPK/ha,And for top dressing: 50 kg N/ha on 30th day of planting or
during earthing up. And for hybrids it is,basal dose:-200:75:75 kg
NPK/ha,And for top dressing:-100 kg N/ha on 30th day of planting or
during earthing up.
• WEED CONTROL:-Apply Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i. / ha or Fluchloralin
1.0 kg a.i / ha as pre-emergence herbicide, followed by hand weeding
once at 30 days after planting.And also Mulch with black LDPE sheets
of 25 micron thickness and bury both the ends into the soil to a depth
of 10 cm

7. • DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT:-
. Phomopsis Blight:-
Symptoms:-It is a serious disease of brinjal infecting the foliage and the
fruits. The fungus infects the seedlings in the nursery causing damping off
symptoms. In seedling infection, it causes damping off symptoms. When the leaves
are infected small circular spots appear which become grey to brown with irregular
blackish margins
Control:-Adopting good field sanitation, destruction of infected plant
material and crop rotation help to reduce the spread of the disease. Seeds obtained
from disease plants should be used for planting.
Seed treatment with Thiram (2 g/kg seed) protects the seedling in the nursery
stage. Spraying with Dithane Z-78 (0.2%) or Bordeaux mixture (1%) effectively
controls the disease in the field

8. Shoot and fruit borer:-
Symptoms:-The caterpillar bore in to growing shoot midribs and petiols
of large leaves and feed on internal tissues and affected shoot wither and
dry up plants drop
Control:-continuous cropping of brinjal and potato should be
avoided.Removal affected shoot and fruits along with larvae.use
pheromone traps and also use prephenophos 2ml/ltr

9. *Epilachna Beetle:-
Symptoms:-Both the grub and bettle eat the chlorophyll of the leave in
between the veins and cause.and the tree damping off.
Control:-hand picking method is a good method for protect the tree
and use asiphate 2gm/ltr.
*Brown leaf hopper:-
Symptom:-Reduction in size of leaves, Excessive growth of branches
general stunting of plants, Plants become bushy,Fruiting is rare
Control:-Remove infected plants and destroy them, Before
transplantation dip the seedlings in 0.2% carbofuran 50 STD solution
(control insect vectors), Spray with dimethoate 0.3%

10. • HARVESTING:-The fruits become ready for first picking in about
120-130 days of seed sowing depending on the variety. The
harvesting of the fruits should be done as soon as it attains a good
size and colour. Fruits are harvested when they become greenish
yellow or bronze and their flesh turns dry and tough.
• Yield:-Varieties : 25 - 30 t/ha
Hybrids : 60 t/ha