Brief overview of Sehatmandi project
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The Sehatmandi project is a 3-year health services delivery project running from 2018 to 2022 with a total budget of $622 million financed mainly by the World Bank, EU, USAID, and Canada. It is implemented through contracts with national and international NGOs in 31 provinces, with a strengthened mechanism in 3 provinces. Performance is managed by a Project Management Office, with contract management by a Grants and Contracts Management Unit and coordination through a Sehatmandi coordination office in the Ministry of Public Health. Key performance is tracked through over 200 indicators and reviewed at quarterly and annual meetings. Oversight is provided by a Health Sector Oversight Committee comprised of representatives from the Afghan government and international
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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES 1.pptx
INTRODUCTION
• Gingival and periodontal diseases in their various forms have affected humans since the dawn of the history.
• Studies in paleopathology have indicated that destructive periodontal disease, as evidenced by bone loss, affected early humans in such diverse cultures as ancient Egypt and pre-columbian America.
• Epidemiologic studies identify risk factors for diseases and provide guidance for primary prevention, recommendations and identify where to intervene in disease process.
PERIODONTAL DISEASES
GINGIVITIS
• Inflammation of the gingival soft tissues with no loss of alveolar bone or apical migration of periodontal ligament along root surface.
• It may be characterized by edema, erythema, bleeding, and occasionally pain.
• Gingivitis is usually reversible with appropriate therapy.
PERIODONTITIS
• An inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of specific microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both.
• The clinical feature that distinguishes periodontitis from gingivitis is the Loss of clinical attachment
CLASSIFICATION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES
CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS
• The most common form of periodontitis
• Most prevalent in adults but can occur in children
• Amount of destruction consistent with local factors
• Associated with a variable microbial pattern
• Associated with accumulations of plaque and calculus
• Slow to moderate rate of progression with possible periods of rapid progression
• Localized form: < 30% of sites involved
• Generalized form: > 30% of sites involved
• Slight: 1 to 2mm CAL (clinical attachment loss)
• Moderate: 3 to 4 mm CAL
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• Rapid attachment loss and bone destruction
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• Familial aggregation of diseased individuals
• Generally diseased sites are infected with a specific bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans)
• Abnormalities in phagocyte function
• Hyper-responsive macrophages, producing elevated PGE2 and IL1B
• Disease progression may be self-limiting
• It is of two types- localized and generalized
LOCALIZED AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS
• Circumpubertal onset of disease
• Localized first molar/ incisor
• Interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent teeth
• Robust serum antibody response to infecting agents
GENERALIZED AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS
• Usually affecting persons under 30 years of age (however, may be older)
• Generalized interproximal attachment loss affecting at least three teeth other than first molars and incisors
• Pronounced episodic nature of destruction
• Poor antibody response to infecting agents
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• Gingival and periodontal diseases in their various forms have affected humans since the dawn of the history.
• Studies in paleopathology have indicated that destructive periodontal disease, as evidenced by bone loss, affected early humans in such diverse cultures as ancient Egypt and pre-columbian America.
• Epidemiologic studies identify risk factors for diseases and provide guidance for primary prevention, recommendations and identify where to intervene in disease process.
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GINGIVITIS
• Inflammation of the gingival soft tissues with no loss of alveolar bone or apical migration of periodontal ligament along root surface.
• It may be characterized by edema, erythema, bleeding, and occasionally pain.
• Gingivitis is usually reversible with appropriate therapy.
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• An inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of specific microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both.
• The clinical feature that distinguishes periodontitis from gingivitis is the Loss of clinical attachment
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CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS
• The most common form of periodontitis
• Most prevalent in adults but can occur in children
• Amount of destruction consistent with local factors
• Associated with a variable microbial pattern
• Associated with accumulations of plaque and calculus
• Slow to moderate rate of progression with possible periods of rapid progression
• Localized form: < 30% of sites involved
• Generalized form: > 30% of sites involved
• Slight: 1 to 2mm CAL (clinical attachment loss)
• Moderate: 3 to 4 mm CAL
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• Rapid attachment loss and bone destruction
• Amount of microbial deposits inconsistent with disease severity
• Familial aggregation of diseased individuals
• Generally diseased sites are infected with a specific bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans)
• Abnormalities in phagocyte function
• Hyper-responsive macrophages, producing elevated PGE2 and IL1B
• Disease progression may be self-limiting
• It is of two types- localized and generalized
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• Circumpubertal onset of disease
• Localized first molar/ incisor
• Interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent teeth
• Robust serum antibody response to infecting agents
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• Usually affecting persons under 30 years of age (however, may be older)
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• Pronounced episodic nature of destruction
• Poor antibody response to infecting agents
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B) Leukemias
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This document provides a summary of the final report of an evaluation of the project "Capacity development at MoFTs at State and entity level for effective management of public investments PIP-DIP". The project aimed to improve public investment planning processes in Bosnia and Herzegovina by designing integrated planning and budgeting systems. The evaluation found that the project was well-designed and achieved many of its objectives. It strengthened links between planning and budgeting and trained stakeholders. However, fully aligning all public investments with development objectives was only partially achieved. More support is still needed, especially at lower government levels, to fully realize the goal of improved public finance management.
SENSITIZATION TRAINING ON MID-TERM REVIEW.pptx
This document provides information about a sensitization training on the mid-term review of Kisumu County's second integrated development plan. The training is intended to introduce sub-county administrators and field officers to their role in the review process. Specifically, they will be trained on focus group discussion guides, common data sources and quality issues, and identifying focus group participants. The mid-term review will assess progress against goals from July 2018 to June 2020, identifying lessons learned and needed adjustments to improve performance and delivery on indicators.
Budget Transparency - Natia GULUA, Georgia
This presentation was made by Natia GULUA, Ministry of Finance, Georgia, at the 14th CESEE SBO meeting held in Zagreb, Croatia, on 24-25 May 2018.
Keep the world safe, improve health, serve the vulnerable
Presentation delivered by Mr Imre Holl, Director, Planning Resource Coordination and Performance Monitoring, WHO, at the 67th session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe
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The Pakistan WASH Strategic Planning and Coordination Cell project was established from 2018-2021 with a budget of Rs. 41.136 million to coordinate water, sanitation, and hygiene sector reforms and support progress on SDGs 6.1 and 6.2. Key activities included mapping provincial WASH policies, establishing a coordination committee, conducting capacity building, developing reporting templates, awareness raising events, and incorporating WASH into the Clean Green Pakistan Initiative. The project achieved its major objectives but spent less than its full budget allocation due to COVID-19 restrictions requiring virtual meetings instead of in-person workshops and travel.
Fmnp
Dr. Shamsudeen Usman spearheaded Nigeria's return to strategic development planning after three decades as the Federal Minister of National Planning. He developed a fully operational strategic planning framework for Nigeria with targets and encouraged sub-national governments to adopt the new framework. Under his leadership, Nigeria ensured international best practices in federal government planning, including extensive stakeholder review and alignment of agency budgets with national priorities.
Equity Markets II.pptx
The document discusses key economic developments and initiatives in India in 2023. It summarizes that India continued strong economic growth in 2023, hosted the G20 presidency, raised funds through green bonds, and launched initiatives like the Mahila Samman Savings Certificate to promote financial inclusion. It also outlines major achievements of the Department of Economic Affairs and the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, including production-linked incentives, startups, infrastructure projects, reforms to promote ease of doing business, and growth in key economic indicators. The document concludes with details on foreign direct investment trends in India.
1. Ethiopia - APRM PRESENTATION March 2023 Durban.pptx
This document provides an overview of Ethiopia's progress in implementing the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the African Union's Agenda 2063 over the last decade. It notes that Ethiopia has integrated these agendas into its national development plans and has submitted two Voluntary National Reviews to the UN on its SDG progress. While there have been encouraging economic and social gains, challenges remain such as climate change, COVID-19, and low revenue collection. Lessons learned include the need for continued reforms and periodic reviews to sustain development. Going forward, the document recommends a focus on economic growth, infrastructure, innovation, and sustainable financing.
planning machinery
The document provides an overview of planning machinery in Pakistan. It discusses the establishment of the Development Board in 1948 and Planning Board in 1953 to oversee economic planning. Five-year plans were introduced starting from 1955 to guide development. Key institutions involved in planning include the Planning Commission, which formulates national plans and oversees projects. Planning aims to increase incomes, employment, and social services through instruments like 5-year plans, annual plans, and the Public Sector Development Programme.
Rmtsp 2721303 170900713008_bhavya
1. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched in 2000 with the objective of providing connectivity to rural habitations in India.
2. It aims to provide all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected rural habitations. The program is implemented by state governments through district and state level agencies.
3. Key features of PMGSY include decentralized district-level planning, national standards and specifications for rural roads, independent project scrutiny, and an online monitoring and management system to track progress.
Session Six: Performance Based Budgeting Reform In China, Meeting 2019
15th Annual Meeting of the Network on Fiscal Relations Across Levels of Government, OECD, 2-3 December 2019
Review of current health service planning in Nepal from province to local level
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This document summarizes a review of health service planning in Nepal from the provincial to local levels. It describes the new federal system of government in Nepal with three tiers (federal, provincial, local). At the local level in Pokhara Metropolitan City, the findings show 41 health facilities serving 479,000 people. A top-down and bottom-up approach is used for health program and budget planning. At the provincial level, the Gandaki Province health directorate provides technical support to 11 districts. The challenges of implementing health planning under federalism include coordination between levels of government and building capacity of newly elected local bodies. Recommendations focus on collaboration, clarifying roles, training, and strengthening infrastructure and resources at theSimilar to Brief overview of Sehatmandi project (20)
Jharkhand a research paper on topic overview of the day
Jharkhand a research paper on topic overview of the day
VALUE RELEVANCE OF PREPAYMENT AUDIT CHARACTERISTICS AND THE IMPACT ON ENHANCI...
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Transforming india through sabka saath sabka vikas
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LECTURE-1 Introduction to Project Concept, Lifecycle .pptx
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Review of current health service planning in Nepal from province to local level
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The document summarizes Afghanistan's experience transitioning from the Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS) and Essential Package of Hospital Services (EPHS) to a new Integrated Package of Essential Health Services (IPEHS). It describes the process of developing the IPEHS through expert committees and working groups. The IPEHS was officially launched in 2019 but implementation has faced challenges due to political instability, lack of government recognition, and dependency on donor funding. Key lessons highlight the need for inclusive stakeholder engagement, political commitment beyond just the Ministry of Public Health, and capacity building to support the transition to the new package.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS.ppt
This document provides an introduction to quantitative research methods. It defines quantitative research as a formal, systematic process of collecting and analyzing numerical data to find patterns, make predictions, test relationships, and generalize results. The key characteristics of research discussed are that it must be controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid and verifiable, and empirical. Common quantitative research methods include descriptive, correlational and experimental designs. Measurement, sampling, levels of measurement from nominal to ratio, and quantitative data analysis techniques such as descriptive and inferential statistics are also outlined. Finally, both the advantages of standardization and generalizability as well as limitations such as superficiality and structural bias are discussed.
The COVID-19 pandemic an opportunity to strengthen health system
The document discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Afghanistan's already strained healthcare system. It outlines the status of the pandemic in Afghanistan, including limited testing and underreporting. It also discusses the health system response, including expanding surveillance, labs, and hospital capacity as well as training healthcare workers. However, the recent political changes have put health sector gains at risk by interrupting services and funding. Sustained support is needed to strengthen the health system and vaccination efforts amid ongoing challenges.
Conflict management fmic
The document discusses conflict management in organizations. It begins by defining conflict and explaining that conflict arises due to differences in goals, interests, or values between individuals or groups. The document then covers various topics related to conflict such as the causes of conflict, different types and styles of managing conflict, and the positive and negative effects of conflict in organizations. It emphasizes that the goal of conflict management is to resolve conflicts in a constructive manner that strengthens relationships and trust.
Covid 19 continuation of essential health services
This document discusses strategies for sustaining non-COVID-19 essential health services in Afghanistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that health service utilization has decreased and some providers have been affected by COVID-19. WHO recommended 10 strategic actions including prioritizing essential services, optimizing service delivery, maintaining health workforce and supplies, and strengthening communication and monitoring. Afghanistan established coordination committees and continued providing basic health services while adapting delivery and establishing separate fever clinics. Monitoring was increased and digital platforms expanded to support essential service delivery during the pandemic. The impact on services was mixed but the response provided opportunities to strengthen capacity.
Covid 19 pandemic control options in Afghanistan
The document discusses control options for the COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan. It provides context on the spread of the virus in Afghanistan and demographic information. It then outlines current control measures including surveillance, case management, laboratory testing, points of entry screening, and non-pharmaceutical interventions. Three potential future options are presented: 1) strengthening current measures and enforcing lockdown, 2) strengthening measures while gradually relaxing lockdown, and 3) strengthening measures while immediately ending lockdown. Each option is discussed in terms of its potential impacts on disease transmission and the economy.
PHC Experinece, Afghanistan Sep 2019
Najibullah Safi, MD, MSc. HPM presented on the history and current state of Afghanistan's health care system. He discussed key progress made in health indicators like immunization coverage and under-five mortality. However, challenges remain such as high stunting rates, poor quality of care in hospitals, and a high maternal mortality ratio. Moving forward, Afghanistan aims to implement an Integrated Package of Essential Health Services to address the triple burden of diseases. Principles of the way forward include prioritizing the poor, increasing community engagement, and raising domestic financing for health.
Implementation of bphsphc afghanistan experience august 2019
The document discusses Afghanistan's experience implementing the Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS) and Essential Package of Hospital Services (EPHS) through contracting non-governmental organizations (NGOs) since 2003. Key points include:
1) NGOs deliver health services in 31 of 34 provinces through competitive bidding managed by the Ministry of Public Health. Services are financed through international donors.
2) The BPHS defines 7 elements of primary health care including maternal and newborn care, child health and immunization, public nutrition, communicable disease treatment and control, mental health, disability and rehabilitation, and essential drug supply.
3) Health indicators like immunization rates and access to maternal health
M&E contracting afghanistan
Monitoring basic health services contracts in a conflict affected setting: experience from Afghanistan
M and e contracting afghanistan 19 09-18
The document discusses Afghanistan's experience monitoring basic health services contracts with NGOs in a conflict setting. It outlines Afghanistan's complex monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system involving multiple departments and organizations. Resources for M&E activities are substantial, with a third party responsible for most activities at a cost of $3.2 million per year. The relationship between contract managers and service-providing NGOs aims to improve performance through monitoring reports and meetings, though external factors sometimes interfere.
Globalizing the policy process
Global factors are increasingly influencing national policymaking. Globalization has led to greater interconnectedness between countries through increased cross-border movement, trade, and cultural harmonization. Health issues are now global concerns addressed through various global actors and mechanisms beyond traditional inter-state cooperation. These include global civil society, public-private partnerships, and influence from international organizations, transnational groups, and domestic and foreign bureaucrats. Effective health policymaking now requires engagement with this complex global context and array of global actors.
Effective implementation of national health strategy final
The document outlines key actions for effective implementation of Afghanistan's national health strategy 2016-2020 to achieve universal health coverage. The actions include expanding health services coverage and packages, enhancing financial protection, improving coordination, strengthening accountability, increasing efficiency, and addressing cross-cutting issues such as capacity building and private sector regulation. The overall goal is to ensure all Afghans have access to needed health services without financial hardship.
Impact and cost effectivene of rotavirus vaccine introduction in afghanistan
This document provides a summary of a cost-effectiveness analysis of introducing rotavirus vaccination in Afghanistan. The analysis finds that vaccination would be highly cost-effective compared to no vaccination. It estimates that over 10 years, vaccination could avert over 1 million cases, 661,000 outpatient visits, 49,000 hospitalizations and nearly 12,000 deaths. The incremental cost per disability-adjusted life year averted is estimated to be $103-$59 depending on perspective, below Afghanistan's GDP per capita threshold for cost-effectiveness. Sensitivity analysis showed results were robust to varying parameters like disease burden and vaccine price. The document discusses limitations and next steps to support government adoption of vaccination.
Evaluation of thermotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous
This document summarizes a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effectiveness of thermotherapy compared to glucantime injections for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan. The study involved 382 patients randomized to receive either a single thermotherapy treatment of 50 degrees Celsius for 30 seconds or 5 injections of glucantime over 7 days. The overall cure rate was 78.2%, with the thermotherapy group having a slightly higher cure rate of 82.5% compared to 74% for the glucantime group. The conclusion is that thermotherapy may be considered as an effective and cost-efficient alternative or complement to antimony treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Polio update afghanistan
This document provides an update on polio eradication efforts in Afghanistan. It notes that 5 provinces and 47 districts are at high risk for polio, with districts categorized from fully accessible to inaccessible. In 2016, all confirmed polio cases were reported from access-compromised areas. To strengthen polio eradication, the approach focuses on gaining access, implementing alternative strategies, engaging communities, and enhancing monitoring. Lessons from 2015-2016 highlight the importance of strong coordination, maintaining neutrality, and improving quality in accessible but limited areas. Opportunities include political support and neutrality, while challenges include inaccessibility, knowledge gaps, and possible funding issues.
Neap 2016 2017 final_dr_safi
This document outlines Afghanistan's National Emergency Action Plan (NEAP) for polio eradication from 2016-2017. The plan's goal is to stop wild poliovirus transmission in Afghanistan by the end of 2016 with no new cases in 2017. Key strategies include maintaining program neutrality, focusing on high-risk areas, strengthening community engagement, and enhancing accountability. Targets include conducting 10 vaccination campaigns in 2016-2017 and improving surveillance. The plan also discusses improving campaign quality, monitoring, and data collection to enhance polio eradication efforts.
ACCM Governance Structure
This document outlines the governance structure of Afghanistan's Country Coordinating Mechanism (ACCM) for Global Fund grants. It describes the functions and composition of the ACCM, its executive committee, and oversight committee. The ACCM coordinates grant proposals and oversight, comprises up to 30 members from government, civil society, international organizations, and is currently 29 members. The executive committee of 7 members manages daily operations and oversight. The oversight committee of 6-10 members monitors grant implementation and provides recommendations to improve performance.
Polio eradication in afghanistan way forward 2016 17
The document outlines Afghanistan's National Emergency Action Plan for polio eradication for 2016-2017. The key points are:
1) The goal is to stop wild poliovirus transmission in Afghanistan by the end of 2016.
2) Lessons from 2015-2016 include the need for strong coordination, a focus on high risk areas, and improving campaign quality in areas with access limitations.
3) Strategies include maintaining program neutrality, focusing on high risk provinces and districts, strengthening surveillance, and cross-border coordination with Pakistan.
Key findings of adhs 2015
The Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey 2015 provides key findings on the country's health indicators. It surveyed nearly 26,000 households between June 2015 and February 2016, achieving a high response rate. Key results include:
- The total fertility rate is 5.3, with higher rates in rural (5.4) versus urban (4.8) areas. Only 51% of deliveries were assisted by skilled birth attendants nationally.
- Childhood immunization rates ranged from 57.7% for pentavalent vaccine to 73.7% for BCG. Infant and under-5 mortality rates have declined significantly from 2001-2005 to 2011-2015.
- Literacy rates remain low, at 50.6%
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Brief overview of Sehatmandi project
- 1. Brief overview of Sehatmandi project Najibullah SAFI, MD, MSc. HPM Program Manager - HSD, WCO – Afghanistan
- 2. Introduction • Project duration: 1st July 2018 – 30th June 2021 • Actual implementation of Sehatmandi started on 1st January 2019 • SEHAT project was extended from 1st July 2018 – 31st Dec 2018 • One year extension 1st July 2021 – 30th June 2022 • Before 15th August 2021, WB provided NOL for 22 provinces out of 31 • Total project cost 622,000,000 • Budget (two components: lump sum and pay for performance) • Financed mainly by WB, EU, USAID and Canada through ARTF Implementation arrangement • Contract out to national and international NGOs in 31 provinces • Strengthening mechanism in 3 provinces
- 3. Governance structure • Performance management by PMO • Contract management by GCMU • Coordination by Sehatmandi coordination office in MoPH • M&E: by HIS directorate of MoPH, technical departments, and TPM • National M&E checklist (more than 200 indicators) • Balance Score Card, HMIS verification and Afghanistan Health Survey by TPM • External financial audit • Public expenditure tracking survey
- 4. Performance management • Quarterly meeting at provincial level, semi-annul and annual performance review meeting at national level • Ad hoc meetings with NGOs based on needs • Implementation support mission by WB • Midterm project review • Key performance indicators • OPD under 5 years of age, ANC, PNC, TB treatment, C- section, couple years of protection, child growth and infant feeding, institutional delivery, TT 2, Penta 3, major surgeries)
- 5. Project oversight • Health sector oversight committee • Responsible for all key decisions in health sector including Sehatmandi • Comprised of: • MoPH, MoF, general directorate of local administration, WB, EU, USAID, Canada, WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, GFF, health committee of parliament, AHO, and representative of CSO • Ad hoc invited members (e.g., TPM)
- 6. Thanks