Series of lectures from Brian Butler, given during fall 2008 session at Thunderbird Global MBA, Miami campus:
This lecture 02: learn to use International Fisher effect (IFE), and PPP, Law of one Price, Big Mac index to estimate long term currency (FX) trends
The ppt gives a description of how different theories define working of forex market. ?
when & where do these theories fail?
What is the impact of macro-economic factors like inflation, unemployment etc on forex exchange.?
A nicely formatted presentation.
What are the different types of forex market?
The ppt gives a description of how different theories define working of forex market. ?
when & where do these theories fail?
What is the impact of macro-economic factors like inflation, unemployment etc on forex exchange.?
A nicely formatted presentation.
What are the different types of forex market?
Gary Trennepohl on "Decoding Financial Statements" at Reynolds Business Journalism Week, Jan. 6, 2011.
For more information, please visit businessjournalism.org
Gary Trennepohl on "Decoding Financial Statements" at Reynolds Business Journalism Week, Jan. 6, 2011.
For more information, please visit businessjournalism.org
1Practice with simple calculations related to Fiscal Polic.docxeugeniadean34240
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Practice with simple calculations related to Fiscal Policy:
Question 1: According to Paul Krugman, the complex multiplier for the United States is about equal to 2. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 earmarked $787B in deficit spending, of which $330.4B was spent in 2009. (Total government deficits for 2009 were $1251.7B.) The increase in nominal GDP from 2009 to 2010 was $541.2B (3.8%). If we assume that this growth resulted from the ARRA stimulus package, what was the implied multiplier associated with the stimulus package?
Question 2: Look at disposable income, personal consumption and personal savings. What was the personal savings rate in the United States in 2011? (Use savings/disposable income, i.e. Average Propensity to Save.)
Question 3: What proportion of GDP was our federal government sector in 2010? (Divide federal government spending by GDP.) Per dollar of government spending, how much government spending was financed by government debt (negative savings) in 2010 at the federal level? (Divide negative federal government savings by federal government expenditure.)
Question 41: One popularly reported statistic for national economies is the Debt/GDP ratio. Total US Federal Debt in 2010 was $13.562 Trillion. What was our Debt/GDP ratio in 2010?
Question 5: Refer to Graph Set #2, the first picture entitled “Eurostat News Release.” How does the EU compare in the size of its public sector? (What percentage of GDP is government spending?) Are its government deficits larger or smaller than those of the US as a percentage of GDP in 2009?
Question 6: Government stimulus can take the form of increased spending or reduced taxes, or both. It creates government debt in both cases, but that debt affects the larger economy by different pathways. Can you answer each the following questions in one short sentence?
· The government increases spending without increasing taxes, and a deficit is generated:
· Where does the money to finance the deficit come from?
· How does this affect affordable credit for Investment and Consumption?
· How does it affect National Incomes? Who is the government paying money to when they make an expenditure?
· The government decreases taxes without decreasing spending, and a deficit is generated:
· Where does the money to finance the deficit come from?
· How does this affect affordable credit for Investment and Consumption?
· How does it affect personal savings rates (if personal taxes are lower)? How does it affect business savings rates, i.e. retained earnings, if profits taxes are lowered? How does it affect the cost of borrowed funds for businesses?
Monte-Carlo Option Pricing
This exercise uses observation that an option price can be calculated as a discounted risk-neutral expectation.
Context
This observation suggests that we could value an option by sampling many thousands, say, of possible asset prices, at , calculating the payoffs, taking their expected value and discounting th.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
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The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population aging
Brian Butler: TBird int'l finance class 02
1. Contact Information: Brian David Butler Miami Campus Facilitator International Economics & Trade (Prof. Grosse) Email: [email_address] Cell: 786-457-0984 Blog: http://blog.globotrends.com/ Wiki: http://kookyplan.pbwiki.com/brianbutler Connect professionally: http://www.linkedin.com/in/briandbutler http://www.linkedin.com/e/gis/69362 Connect personally: http://www.facebook.com/people/Brian_Butler/293500110
2. Global MBA International Finance & International Trade GM6212 2 nd session. September 27, 2008 Last Class Now Next… Define: Theories Apply - FX markets -PPP -hedging - Arbitrage -IFE -real life
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5. Exchange Rate Determination E[XR S ] – XR S XR S UFR UNBIASED FORWARD RATE IFE INT’L FISHER EFFECT INTEREST RATE PARITY IRP PARITY PURCHASING POWER (Forward Premium) (Interest Differential) FISHER EFFECT FE (% Spot Rate*) (Inflation Differential*) THIS MODEL IGNORES GOVERNMENT CONTROLS AND TRANSACTIONS COSTS * = Forecasted Value XR = Domestic Currency Foreign Currency
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13. Purchasing Power Parity E[XR S ] – XR S XR S UFR UNBIASED FORWARD RATE IFE INT’L FISHER EFFECT INTEREST RATE PARITY IRP PARITY PURCHASING POWER (Forward Premium) (Interest Differential) FISHER EFFECT FE (% Spot Rate*) (Inflation Differential*) THIS MODEL IGNORES GOVERNMENT CONTROLS AND TRANSACTIONS COSTS * = Forecasted Value XR = Domestic Currency Foreign Currency
14. PPP – purchasing power parity E[XR S ] – XR S XR S PARITY PURCHASING POWER (% Spot Rate*) (Inflation Differential*) It looks confusing, but is simple. PPP states that … % change in spot rate = inflation differential That’s all.
28. Exchange Rate Determination E[XR S ] – XR S XR S UFR UNBIASED FORWARD RATE IFE INT’L FISHER EFFECT INTEREST RATE PARITY IRP PARITY PURCHASING POWER (Forward Premium) (Interest Differential) FISHER EFFECT FE (% Spot Rate*) (Inflation Differential*) THIS MODEL IGNORES GOVERNMENT CONTROLS AND TRANSACTIONS COSTS * = Forecasted Value XR = Domestic Currency Foreign Currency
29. IFE E[XR S ] – XR S XR S IFE INT’L FISHER EFFECT (Interest Differential) (% Spot Rate*) Looks confusing, but is simple. IFE states that … % change in spot rate = interest differential That’s all.