This document discusses and compares bottled water and tap water. It covers their production processes, regulations, environmental impacts, and societal effects. Bottled water comes from municipal water supplies or private groundwater sources, is packaged in plastic bottles, and transported long distances. Tap water comes from groundwater or surface water through public water systems. Bottled water has higher environmental impacts from plastic production and transportation compared to tap water. There are also concerns about overextraction of groundwater sources for bottled water.
This presentation covers the sustainable water resources in India. It also covers the concepts of sustainablity, government policies and the role of the society in promoting water sustainability.
This presentation covers the sustainable water resources in India. It also covers the concepts of sustainablity, government policies and the role of the society in promoting water sustainability.
What is climate change, need to adopt systems approachSaciWATERs
This presentation was made at "Orientation Programme for Government officials on Urbanization, Climate
Change and Water Issues" held on the 23rd of July.
What is climate change, need to adopt systems approachSaciWATERs
This presentation was made at "Orientation Programme for Government officials on Urbanization, Climate
Change and Water Issues" held on the 23rd of July.
About This Presentation
Title:
Recycling Plastics
Description:
Recycling Plastics Logan Mongelli, Victoria Pemberton, Roddy Tierney, Deanna Prue Is there a market for recycled paper Approximately 140 paper mills in the U.S use ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
Number of Views:15030
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides:85
Provided by:wappingers1
Learn more at:https://www.wappingersschools.org
Category:
Tags:office | plastics | recycle | recycling
less
Transcript and Presenter's Notes
Title: Recycling Plastics
1
Recycling Plastics
Logan Mongelli, Victoria Pemberton, Roddy
Tierney, Deanna Prue
2
Types of Plastics
There are seven different types of plastics that
are each identified by an identification number
describing chemical makeup
3
1. PETE- Polyethylene Terephtalate
The brand name is Dacron
It is a thermoplastic that is used in synthetic
fibers such as -Beverage, food and other
liquid containers -Thermoforming
applications -Engineering resins often in
combination with glass fiber
Because PETE is an excellent water and moisture
barrier material, plastic bottles made from PETE
are widely used for soft drinks
The majority of the world's PETE production is
for synthetic fibers (more than 60), with bottle
production accounting for around 30 of global
demand
This form of plastic is one of the most commonly
recycled of the seven types
In terms of textile applications, PETE is
referred to by its common name, polyester. The
acronym "PETE" is generally used in relation to
packaging.
4
PET consists of polymerized units of the monomer
ethylene terephthalate, with repeating
C10H8O4units.
This is a short piece of the PET polymer chain
5
2. HDPE- High-density Polyethylene
HDPE is considered one of the safer plastics and
is easily recycled
It is also stronger than standard Polyethylene,
good barrier from moisture, and stays solid at
room temperature
One other bonus is HDPE doesnt leak any toxic
chemicals into the soil or water
This particular Plastic is known for its strength
to density ratio
Like most plastics it is made from petroleum
Since this material can be remolded by subsequent
melting and shaping, it is classified as a
polyethylene thermoplastic
6
These are commonly
used items with the
Plastics HDPE
7
3. Vinyl
Synthetic man-made material made from ethylene
and chlorine
Both the substances are combined to form
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) resin
It is the third-most widely produced plastic
Low cost material to produce, very durable,
resistant to moisture
Used in construction because it is more effective
than traditional materials such as copper, iron
or wood in pipe and profile applications
It is also used in clothing and upholstery,
electrical cable insulation, inflatable products
and many applications in which it replaces rubber
when plasticizers are added to it to make it
softer and more flexible
Easily recycled, and more environmentally
friendly since 57 of vinyl is made from common
salt which is a renewable natural resource
8
A strand of the Polyvinyl
Sustainopreneurship: Recycling & Common myths of IncinerationJameela Al Mohanna
Common myths of Incineration (waste to energy)
Lack of proper waste management and recycling depletes the Earth’s already limited resources and increases our dependency on landfill or is irresponsible incinerated. These outdated strategies contribute to climate change and continue to cause environmental degradation and health issues for the Bahraini population. Despite many efforts being made globally to decrease the amount of trash being emitted per person or business, Bahrain’s trash emission has only been
increasing The objective is to change your approach to trash through the promotion of recycling and responsible consumption whether it’s shifting one's everyday habits or laying the foundation for sustainopreneurship! (introduction by Darine Atassi Moderator of the sustainopreneurship at Bait Al Salmaniya 18 November 2018)
The event was hosted by AmCham, Rotaract Bahrain, and Tamkeen
As invited speaker this slide show was my contribution
Water treatment energized by LANXESS - Fact Book Megatrend WaterLANXESS
The shortage of clean drinking water has become a global problem. Population growth, air pollution, and climate change will all exacerbate the situation and especially megacities will have to manage their available water carefully.
Products and processes from LANXESS are already used for water treatment worldwide, helping companies and communities alike utilize water as efficiently as possible. These products play an important role in the purification and treatment of drinking water, wastewater, and industrial process water. Crystal clear water for today’s and tomorrow’s megacities.
Find out more under www.lpt.lanxess.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
3. History of Bottled Water
● The Start: Europe
during late 1700s
● 1767: Jackson's
spa in Boston
● Reason for early
interest in "mineral
water" and "spring
water"
4. Where your water comes from
and how it gets to you
Bottled Water
Tap Water ● Public system:
● Public system: ○ Estimated 25%
○ Groundwater and (consumed in US)
Surface water from Municipal Water
● Private system: Supply
○ Wells ● Private system:
○ No Federal ○ Wells, Springs,
Artesian wells, etc
Regulations
● Transportation ○ No Federal
Regulations
○ Pressure pumping ● Plastic Processing
● Transportation
5. Regulations
● Tap Water: Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA)
○ Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974
○ Consumer Confidence Reports (CCR)
● Bottled Water: Food and Drug Administration
(FDA)
○ Current Good Manufacturing Practices
(CGMPs)
○ Quality Standards
○ Standards of Identity (Labeling Regulations)
● All bottled water sold in the US (whether
imported or domestic) must meet all of the same
regulations.
6. Manufacturing Plastic Bottles
● “Typically, 90 percent or more of the cost paid by
bottled water consumers goes to things other than the
water itself-such as bottling, packaging, shipping,
marketing, retailing, other expenses” (NRDC).
● Water that goes
into the
manufacturing
● PET (polyethylene
terephthalate)
Plastic
8. Impacts From Materials and
Production
● Americans drink more bottled water than any other nation,
purchasing an impressive 29 billion bottles every year.
● Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the plastic used in the the
bottles, is derived from crude oil.
● Making bottles to meet Americans’ demand for bottled water
requires more than 17 million barrels of oil annually, enough to
fuel more than 1 million U.S. cars for a year.
9. Concentrated Water Extraction
● Heavy extraction leads to a lowering of the water table,
and in some extreme cases a near complete draining of
the water body being harvested.
● Impacts the hydrology of the water system
● These effects are often permanent as the water being
extracted is shipped away from the source and are
returned as wastewater to an altogether different water
system, and as such these aquifers and water bodies
being harvested are never replenished as they naturally
would.
10. Transportation of Bottled Water
● Fiji shipped 18 million gallons of bottled water to California,
releasing about 2,500 tons of transportation-related pollution.
● Western Europe's shipment of bottled water to New York City
that year released 3,800 tons of pollution.
● Interview with Ice Mountain
revealed:
○ Their water is commuted by truck
or pipeline from natural springs in
the states of Michigan,
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Maine,
and Tennessee
○ source of their distilled water
products to be that of city or well
water, which is then shipped or
piped to their distributors around
the nation.
11. Disposal of Spent Bottles
● About 75% of water bottles are thrown in the trash, rather than recycled.
● only about 13 percent end up in the recycling stream where they are turned
into products like fleece clothing, carpeting, decking, playground
equipment and new containers and bottles.
● In 2005, approximately 2 million tons of water bottles ended up in U.S.
landfills, according to the National Resources Defense Council (NRDC)
● Buried water bottles can take up to 1,000 years to biodegrade.
● Incinerating these PET plastics releases toxic byproducts, such as ash
containing heavy metals into the atmosphere
13. Shifting Values
Public Good Private Good
● use of water for all ● developed, used, traded
people and sold for economic
● unnecessary productivity and
boundaries financial gain
● over regulated ● $$ gained from finite
● heavy government resource
influence ● shipped away from
● Heavily mandated by watershed
EPA ● Manufacturer's
● Uniform guidelines of responsibility from
testing FFDCA [Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act]
16. Marketing & Packaging
● Consumers are very faithful to a brand
● Paying for artistic appeal of logo and shape
● Municipalities still struggle to advertise
● A better or healthier alternative to tap
○ advertising invisible attributes
● High use of plastics
17.
18. Plastics
PET
Polyethylene
> PVC
Polyvinyl
Terephthalate Chloride
● Lighter / More malleable and transparent
● Re-manufactured in many other products
● If burnt doesn't release chlorine into atmosphere
● Company awareness of social and environmental
● 1.5 million tons of plastic annually
● Still a waste / goes to tap
19. Time to Educate
● Perceived idea of availability
● Infrastructure established / still need upkeep
● BW consumption increased 7% each year
● Facilities established in econ. deprived areas
● Community led campaigns for both halting
the use of BW and educating the public of
TW
20.
21. All ab
but th out s
hiftin
at tak g nor
es tim ms...
e