Genetic diversity refers to genetic variation within a species that arises from sexual reproduction, mutation, genetic drift and gene flow. It can be measured by assessing genetic differences within populations and provides populations with the capacity to adapt to environmental stress through natural selection. Maintaining high genetic diversity is important for species survival, as it allows for adaptation to changing environmental conditions.

2.  Genetic diversity is defined as genetic
variability present within species. Genetic
diversity is the product of recombination of
genetic material in the process of inheritance.
It changes with time and space.
 Sexual reproduction is important in
maintaining genetic diversity as it gives
unique offspring by combining genes of
parents.

3.  Mutation of genes, genetic drift and gene
flow are also responsible for genetic diversity.
 It can also be defined as the measure of
genetic differences that exist within a
population. The genetic variation of an entire
species is often called genetic diversity.

4.  The large variation of the different gene sets allows an
individual or the whole population to have the capacity to
endure environmental stress in any form. For instance,
where some individuals have a better capacity to endure the
increasing pollution in the environment, some do not have
it. This may result in infertility or even death from the same
conditions.
 Thus, we see how the ones who are able to endure and
adapt to this change are much better than the ones who
failed to do so and had to either leave or die. This process
can be referred to as natural selection. This procedure leads
to a loss of genetic diversity in particular habitats. Thus, we
see that genetic diversity can in a way tackle natural
selection for a better environment.

5.  Different breeds of dogs. Dogs are
selectively bred to get the desired traits.
 Different varieties of rose flower, wheat,
etc.
 There are more than 50,000 varieties of rice
and more than a thousand varieties of
mangoes found in India.
 Different varieties of medicinal plant
Rauvolfia vomitoria present in different
Himalayan ranges differ in the amount of
chemical reserpine produced by them.

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