Blu-ray disc is a next-generation optical disc format that was developed to enable high-definition video recording and storage of large amounts of data. It uses a blue laser operating at a wavelength of 405 nm to read very small pits arranged in a continuous spiral track, allowing for 25 or 50 gigabytes of data storage on a single or double layer disc respectively. Blu-ray discs offer benefits over previous formats such as DVD including shorter wavelength for greater precision, higher data density, and increased durability. Ongoing developments aim to further increase storage capacity and compete with video on demand technologies.

1. BLU-RAY DISC
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Under the guidance of: School of Electronics & communication
xyz engineering
Assistant Professor Lovely Professional University Phagwara, Punjab-
144401

2. OVERVIEW
•Introduction
•The Name
•Foundation
•Types of BD
•The Technology
•Working of Blu-ray
•Disc Characteristics
•Comparison
•Benifits
•Ongoing Developments
•Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
• Blu-ray, also known as Blu-ray Disc (BD), is the name
of a next-generation optical disc format jointly
developed by the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA).
• The format was developed to enable
recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition
video (HD), as well as storing large amounts of data.

4. THE NAME
• The blu-ray name is a combination of “blue”, for the
color of the laser that is used and “ray” for optical
ray.
• The “e” in “blue” was purposefully left off, according
to the manufacturers, because an everyday word
cannot be a trademark.

5. FOUNDATION
• The first blue laser was developed in 1996 by Shuji
Nakamura (Nichia Corporation).
• The first Blu-ray Disc prototypes were unveiled in
October 2000.
• In 2002, an alliance was formed, called the Blu-ray
Disc Association.
• Afterwards, it continued to be developed until its
official release in June 2006.
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6. TYPES OF BD
 SINGLE LAYER :
- Can hold data up to 25 GB that means 2 hrs of HD
video or about 13 hrs of standard video.
 DOUBLE LAYER :
- Can hold data up to 50 GB that means 4.5 hrs of HD
video or more than 20 hrs of standard video.

8. THE TECHNOLOGY
Pits : spiral grooves that
run from the centre of
the disc to its edges
Bumps : other sides of
these edges.
Track pitch : it is the
distance between the
two tracks (of pits) on
the surface.

9. WORKING OF BLU-RAY
 Discs store digitally encoded video and audio Information
in pits , spiral grooves that run from the center of the disc
to its edges .
 A laser reads these change of pits to land and play the
movie or program that is stored on the disc.

11. DISC CHARACTERISTICS
• Pit size – 0.15 microns
( more than twice as
small as the pits on
DVD )
• Track-pitch is : 0.30
microns
• Laser needed : blue
laser (405 nm)
• Data transfer rate : 36
Mbps

12. DISC CHARACTERISTICS(cont…)
• Single layer: 25 GB
Dual layer: 50 GB
• Diameter: 120 mm
• Thickness: 1.2 mm
• Center hole
diameter: 15 mm
• Uses GaN laser of
wavelength 405 nm
• The smaller
laser, compared to
the DVD and
CD, keeps the
process more
efficient (~5 mW)
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
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14. BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY
• A few early Blu-ray Disc players released in 2006 could
play DVDs but not CDs (the LG BH100, Pioneer BDP-
HD1, and Sony BDP-S1).
• But all current Blu-ray Disc players are capable of both
DVD and CD playback.

16. BENEFITS OF BLU-RAY
• Shorter wavelength than red laser (650nm), which
makes it possible to focus the laser spot with even
greater precision.
• Allows data to be packed more tightly and stored in
less space.
• Possible to fit more data on the disc even though it's
the same size as CD/DVD.
• With the change of numerical aperture to 0.85 is
what enables Blu-ray Disc to hold 25GB/50GB.
.

17. BLU RAY ‘S DURABILITY ADVANTAGE
 Various hard coating technologies make Blu ray disc
most durable and family -friendly”
 Hard-coating technology provides resistance to:
- Finger prints
- Marks
- Scratches
- Dust
 Much more ROBUST than today’s polycarbonate-
based CD/DVD’s

18. BLU-RAY’S DENSITY ADVANTAGE
 Higher density enables
better data seek times
 Shorter to travel for
same amount of data
results in faster data
seek
 Better for random
access of data

20. ONGOING DEVELOPMENTS
• Hitachi created a 100GB disc that could be used to store
7 hours of 32 Mbit/s video (HDTV).
• Recently they have created a working experimental Blu-
ray Disc capable of holding 200 GB of data on a single
side, using six data layers.
• Growing at same pace as from CD to DVD.
• Blu-ray faces competition from video on demand.

24. CONCLUSION
It’s very likely that the technology will be
adopted as the next generation optical disc
format for PC data storage and replace
technologies such as CD, DVD, and HD-DVD etc.

26. Thank You