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Finding research evidence and managing references
- 1. Finding research evidence http:// unihub.mdx.ac.uk / study / library BIS4408 Jan 2015
- 2. In this workshop we will look at... • How to find information • Developing an effective search strategy • Resources available and how to use them • Evaluating information for quality and relevance • Avoiding plagiarism • Managing references
- 5. Find out more MyUniHub > MyStudy > MyLibrary > Library Subject Guides http://libguides.mdx.ac.uk/EIS
- 6. Reading lists Access: MyLearning or MyLibrary or Library and IT website http://readinglists.mdx.ac.uk/
- 8. The real thing Quality management in traditional and agile project management approaches •Keywords •Alternative keywords •More specific keywords •Related subjects
- 9. Finding resources myUniHub > My Study > My Library > Summon Select Summon and search for information for your project
- 11. Summon provides: • Access to quality information • Information not available elsewhere • Up-to-date • Focussed/specific • Full-text access • Access on/off campus
- 12. Get online help using resources MyUniHub > MyStudy > MyLibrary > Library Subject Guides > Computing http://libguides.mdx.ac.uk/EIS
- 13. Keeping up-to-date with your subject • Zetoc Alert • TicTOC • Google Alerts More information on Library Subject Guide: http://bit.ly/CSkeepingcurrent
- 14. It’s not in the Library! • Inter Library Loans http://bit.ly/InterLibraryLoans • Sconul Access http://www.access.sconul.ac.uk/sconul-access • Other libraries http://bit.ly/visitingotherlibraries
- 15. But is it any good?
- 16. Evaluating information Imagine you are researching ‘The right to be forgotten’ Go to http://libguides.mdx.ac.uk/EvaluatingInformation Have a look at these items and then answer the following questions: • Which of these items are suitable for postgraduate research? • What are your criteria for choosing these items?
- 17. • Authority • Relevance • Intent • Objectivity • Currency Evaluating information
- 18. Why do you need to use sources? To make your work credible It shows you have been reading in your field To strengthen your arguments It provides evidence to support your ideas
- 19. Using your sources • Paraphrase the information that you want to use In technical and scientific writing not everything can be paraphrased. Terminology of the field must stay the same.
- 20. How do I paraphrase? • Read carefully • Become familiar with what is being said • Think about the ideas presented • Write down “the essence” of what is being said • Reread it • Is it too similar to the original? • Rewrite it
- 21. Lari, A. (2002) "An integrated information system for quality management", Business Process Management Journal, 8 (2) pp. 169 - 182 By looking to the information requirement type of the above modules, it can be concluded that the information and data processing are not sufficient to handle ISO 9000, and in many cases, analytical processing capabilities are required. The strategy, directives, structure, requirements, and other details of all ISO 9000- based quality systems are defined by preparing quality policy, quality manual, and quality plan documents. Based on these documents, the necessary procedures and working instructions will be prepared and maintained. These documents set the quality information requirements of the processes within each firm and the processes will make a chain throughout the organization. Some of these processes such as maintenance, calibration, and training are considered as supporting processes.
- 22. An example – this is not the only way! According to Lari (2002) when examining another information requirement type it becomes obvious that for ISO 9000 the information and data processing are not adequate. Analytical processing is required. Quality policy, quality manual and quality plan documents need to be created, which include all of the necessary details. This is because procedures and instructions are produced and maintained from them (Lari 2002). Terms which cannot be changed
- 23. In-text citations Knuth (1999) showed that .… Gatziu and Dittrich’s (1999) overview of the project … Stankovic et al. (1999) identified common misconceptions … Locke (1986, 1992) showed that …
- 24. In-text Citations It has been shown that.…. (Knuth, 1999). The project investigated …… (Gatziu and Dittrich, 1999). Misconceptions have been identified (Stankovic et al., 1999) It has been shown that.… (Locke, 1986, 1992). “The idea of simplicity has been used uncritically” (Popper, 1992, p. 136).
- 25. Reference list Boehm, B. W. (1981). Software Engineering Economics. Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Knuth, D. E. (1999). The Art of Programming. 3rd edition, vol 2. MA, USA: Addison-Wesley. Stankovic, J. A. (1988a). Misconceptions About Real-Time Computing: A Serious Problem for Next-Generation Systems. IEEE Computer, 21(10), October, pp. 10– 19. Stankovic, J. A. (1988b). Real-Time Computing Systems: The Next Generation. In: Stankovic, J. A. (ed). Hard Real-Time Systems. IEEE Computer Society Press. 1988. Stankovic, J. A., Son, S. H., and Hansson, J. (1999). Misconceptions About Real- Time Database Systems. IEEE Computer, 32(6), June, pp. 29–36.
- 26. Referencing and Plagiarism myUniHub > My Study > My Library > Library Subject Guides > Computing > Information Skills > Referencing and Citation http://bit.ly/CSrefandcite
- 27. Cite Them Right
- 28. Managing your references • Use bibliographic management software • RefWorks and Flow • http://bit.ly/BibManSoftwareMDX
- 29. Keeping in touch • Blog http://satlibrarian.blogspot.com • Twitter http://twitter.com/SATlibrarian • Library Facebook Middlesex University Library • Library Twitter http://twitter.com/MDXLibrary
- 30. Need further help? Vanessa Hill v.hill@mdx.ac.uk Paula Bernaschina p.bernaschina@mdx.ac.uk
Editor's Notes
- Hands on exercise: Sources game.
- Magazine (A regular publication aimed at a profession, business or interest....trade/popular) Good: Latest news: events, jobs, products etc, concise info, easy to obtain Bad: lacks detail, can be bias, old issues hard to come by Standards (An agreed, often legally binding level of quality or way of doing something....regional, Nat, Internat, profession/sector) Good: Created by experts, confidence Company/market research report (Well researched overview of a company or product market. Could contain future trends, financial data, competitors and SWOT analysis) Good: Up-to-date: latest research/data, Insider information: information not freely available elsewhere, objective, accurate Bad: Hard to locate Webpage Good: All subjects covered, easy to use, mobile Bad: accuracy, no editorial control, anyone can add information, provenance Newspapers Good: Daily information ie. up-to-date, edited, current issues accessible Bad: Sensationalist, biased (unbalanced), harder to get back issues Conference proceedings (Coll of aca papers distributed after a conference, cont the contributions made by researchers, academics etc) Good: Up-to-date: latest research, ideas, thinking on a subject, focussed/specialist, stringent quality control Bad: Too specific Journals Good: Up-to-date, Focussed: specialist subject areas, quality Bad: Too specific Books Good: overview, background knowledge, edited/quality Bad: Currency, detailed/specific information
- KEYWORDS: Quality management, traditional, agile, project management Quality management: product and service consistency, quality control/assurance/improvement, standards Project Management: Product based planning, change control techniques, quality review technique, Project governance/program management/software development process/systems development life cycle Traditional: eg. PRINCE2 Sequence of steps/developmental components/pre-planned/Waterfall model/linear sequence: Initiation/aim and objectives > Planning/design/development > Execution/production/construction > Monitoring/control > Completion/closing Agile: eg. SCRUM based on principles of human interaction management =flexible project development (series of small tasks conceived and executed as situ demands) =adaptive/flexible SCRUM: reactive/adaptive Prince2: Projects in Controlled Environments 2, process driven More specific keywords Constraints: scope, time, budget (PM triangle)/human factors Structure/stages/sprints (SCRUM): Initiate, plan, design, execute, managing/facilitating, control, organisation/organising, securing, review/monitoring, close Project team roles: project manager/master, product owner, team, stakeholders Related subjects Project management software Management
- Need to carry out a literature review: Finding the information available on a subject Finding information to inform, underpin and shape your research Finding what has already been written on a subject Analyzing, evaluating and making judgements about the info found Identifying the main trends Finding appropriate information: the information needs to be suitable for your need ie. right level, current if important, sufficient breadth or detail etc Explain to students what Summon is. Go to UniHub > Login in to MyUniHub > My Study > My Library > Summon Ask students to search for information for their project. Remember to use some of the keywords that we have discussed.
- Show the students how to refine their search using: FT Content type Subject terms Publication date Language etc Have another go.
- Students can also search individual databases. Select ‘Computing science’ for a list of subject specific resources.
- Which articles have cited an earlier article ie. Way of looking forward in the literature-if have found excellent article, can use a citation index to see which articles have subsequently cited it Find articles on similar/related subjects: Citation implies subject relationship, so can find papers on a similar topic without using any keywords or subject terms Find out how many times a paper has been cited ie. gauge the usefulness/quality. esteem of a paper Determine which are the best journals in your field: citation data used to rank journals within particular subject areas…..useful way of seeing how journals perform in relation to others in the same subject area
- Citation data and journal citation reports available from Web of Knowledge
- Zetoc BL current awareness service - provides access to the British Library's Electronic Table of Contents of around 20.000 current journals and around 16,000 conference proceedings published every year The database covers from 1993 to the present, and is updated on a daily basis. It includes current awareness services, so that subscribers can receive notification of relevant new material either from particular journals, authors or on particular subjects (keywords) TicToc Search for 1000s of journal table of contents (TOCs) RSSfeeds by title, subject or publisher, export citations or link to full text, and then save TOCs in your ticTOCs account Also things like Google Alerts and Google Blog Search
- Inter Library Loan service: request copies of books and journals not held by MDX. £3 charge. Register as DL first. More info on our website. SCONUL Access http://www.access.sconul.ac.uk/ The SCONUL Access Scheme provides reciprocal access and borrowing rights for staff and students to approximately 170 member institutions in the UK. Apply online. Other libraries (specialist, catalogues etc): British Library http://www.bl.uk/ COPAC http://copac.ac.uk/ COPAC is a union catalogue that gives access to the merged online catalogues of members of the Consortium of University Research Libraries (CURL). Twenty major university libraries currently contribute to COPAC. Search25 http://www.search25.ac.uk/: helps you discover library resources across London and the South East. You can also see where the libraries are and find out how to visit them. SUNCAT http://www.suncat.ac.uk/ SUNCAT, a union catalogue of serials (periodicals) for the UK, is a tool for locating serials held in UK libraries.
- How do you decide if the information is any good? Especially important with the Internet. What do you think about this quote?
- Item 1 Paul Bernal’s blog ‘The right to be forgotten roadshow- and the power of Google’ Blog about Privacy, Human Rights, Law, The Internet, Politics and more. PB is Lecturer in Information Technology, Intellectual Property and Media Law at the University of East Anglia Law School. Item 2 Search Engine land ‘The Myths & Realities Of How Of The EU’s New “Right To Be Forgotten” In Google Works’ Daily publication that covers all aspects of the search marketing industry. Link and contact details for editorial team. Item3 Wikipedia ‘Right to be forgotten’ Lots of refs. Item 4 European Commission ‘Factsheet on the "Right to be forgotten" ruling’ No author or date, but reference number on first page. Item 5 BBC News Technology ‘What is the 'right to be forgotten'?’ Dave Lee author is BBC Technology reporter. Contact details. Item 6 The Sun ‘Perverts can't have Google info wiped’ Sensationalist. Short article. Item 7 The Guardian ‘EU to Google: expand 'right to be forgotten' to Google.com’ Contact details for author. Substantial. Facts etc Item 8 Stanford Technology law Review ‘It's about time: privacy, information life cycles, and the right to be forgotten’ Peer reviewed journal. Lots of refs. Biog details for author. Item 9 Jimmy Wales Twitter ‘There is no "right to be forgotten"....’ Free speech activist, entrepreneur. Started Wikipedia. Item 10 Google Europe Blog ‘Transparency and accountability for the '"right to be forgotten“’ Google’s own view from their Public Policy Manager. Can post comments. Item 11 Item 11: Proceedings of the 2013 Eleventh Annual Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust ‘A Peer-to-Peer agent community for digital oblivion in online social networks’ Substantial paper, lots of refs. Contact details for the author.
- Take feedback and discuss. Authority : Who is the author? What is their knowledge base/qualifications? How have they carried out their research? Relevance : Is this what I need? Will it answer my question? Is it at the right level? Intent : What is the purpose of information e.g. financial gain, propaganda, academic etc? Objectivity : Balanced view? Opposing views represented? Links to supporting information? Currency: How old is this information? When was it last updated and by whom?
- Sample text.
- RefWorks is online software that helps you collect, store and organise the references you use in your work. It makes producing a reference list or bibliography quick and easy. It is web-based, so you can access your references from anywhere, and you will never loose them if your computer fails.