This document summarizes information about bird flu (H5N1 avian influenza). It discusses the history of bird flu, including the first known cases of transmission from birds to humans in 1997. It provides details on the spread of bird flu to over 10 countries in Asia in 2004. While human-to-human transmission has been documented, it is usually between family members or caregivers. The document also outlines the symptoms of bird flu and treatment options, as well as strategies for disaster planning and prevention.

1. YUMMY , ISN’T IT ? !!!!

2. THINGS LOOK REALLY GOOD , UNTIL YOU DO A RESEARCH ON IT, SO LETS BEGIN WITH – “ BIRD FLU ”

3. BIRD FLU

4. BIRD FLU : ( H5N1 avian influenza ), it’s a virus cause of illness in humans and many other animal species. This viruses are constantly mutating and adapting over time to infect and spread among humans. There are only three known subtypes of human flu viruses (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2)

5. HISTORY : First H5N1 known crossover from birds to humans was in 1997 in Hong Kong - 18 people were infected and 6 died. In January of 2004 an outbreak occurred in poultry farms in Thailand, and within weeks it spread to over 10 surrounding countries in Asia (including China, South Korea, Indonesia, Japan). In February it was isolated in pigs, raising fears of new variant strains. It was contained by March, after 23 people died and over 40 million chickens were culled.

6. Human to human transmission has been documented in Vietnam and Thailand, but only familial, or to nurses caring for these patients. When the virus first infected humans the mortality rate was ~65%. Since then it has gone down to ~35%. This might indicate that the virus is now able to infect more people and spread more quickly through the population, and becoming a global pandemic.

7. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION Source : FAO,WHO , UN The first case of a bird flu virus infecting a person directly, H5N1, was in Hong Kong in 1997. Since then, the bird flu virus has spread to birds in countries in Asia, Africa and Europe

8. CASES IN DIFFERENT PLACES Source : WHO , UN

9. CHART SHOWING THE SPREAD OF BIRD FLU

10. HOW IT IS TRANSMITTED ? Infected birds transmit through their saliva, nasal secretions, feces and blood. Other Animals become infected with the virus through direct contact with each other. H5N1 remains infectious after over 30 days at 0 °C ( 32.0 °F) (over one month at freezing temperature) or 6 days at 37 °C ( 98.6 °F) (one week at human body temperature)

11. SYMPTOMS OF BIRD FLU High fever & headache Extreme tiredness & dry cough, dry cough, runny or stuff nose Sore throat & muscle aches, Nausea ,vomiting, diarrhea, Eye infections, pneumonia, Respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress and other severe and life-threatening symptoms are also associated with avian flu.

12. Treatment & Vaccines Tami flu - works by preventing the virus from multiplying. Relenza – another alternative. Currently in 2nd Phase trials Countries working on developing a vaccine for H5N1 and H9N2

13. DISASTER PLANNING : 10 things you can do to stay healthy. Stay healthy. Get a seasonal flu shot Wash your hands frequently Use proper respiratory hygiene Consider wearing a mask Wear gloves Keep your home and work areas clean Be careful about the food you eat

14. SO , FRIENDS THINK TWICE, BEFORE YOU TAKE ANY STEP .

15. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/cases_table_2008_09_10/en/index.html http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/cases_table_2008_09_10/en/index.html REFERENCES

16. A PRESENTATION BY TEAM - 1(a) SOHINI CHATTERJEE. ARUP ISHA SHARMA RAKESH SAURABH SHRIVASTAVA SAURABH SINGH

17. HAVE A HEALTHY DAY .

18. QUESTIONS ??