This document discusses the four main types of biotechnology: red, green, blue, and white. Red biotechnology involves using microorganisms to develop medicines and prevent disease. Green biotechnology applies the technology to agricultural processes and transgenic foods. Blue biotechnology is a newer field focused on health, cosmetics, and other products. White biotechnology aims to produce more sustainable industrial materials with less waste and pollution. The document also notes both benefits, such as crops requiring fewer pesticides, and risks, like possible human health impacts from transgenic food consumption.