This document contains instructions for a biology exam for Form Four students. It consists of three sections - Section A with multiple choice and matching questions worth 20 marks, Section B with short answer questions worth 60 marks, and Section C where students must answer one of three extended response questions worth 20 marks. The exam is 3 hours long and students must write in blue or black ink, except for diagrams which must be drawn in pencil. Cellphones and calculators are not allowed. The document provides sample questions from Sections A and B to illustrate the format and content assessed on the exam, which covers topics like cellular respiration, plant structures and functions, human anatomy and physiology.

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BIOLOGY FOR FORM FOUR
SUBJECT- BIOLOGY
Time- 3:00hrs.
INSTRUCTIONS
This paper consist three sections A,B and C
.Answer all questions in section A and B choose only one questions from
section C
.All writings must be written in blue/ black ink or pen
except for diagram which must be drawn in pencil.
.Cellular phones and electronic calculators are not allowed in the
examination room
SECTION “A” (20 Marks)
1. For each of the item(i)-(x) choose the most correct answer from the given
alternatives and write its beside the item number
(i) Which of the following is the most important outcome of respiration?
A. Intake of oxygen B. Release of energy
C. Formation of water D. Release of heat
(ii) The operculum in fish serves as
A. An entrance for water B. An exist for waste
C. To protect of gills D. To protect eyes
(iii) An afferent neuron is also known as
A. Relay neuron B. Sensory neuron
C. Efferent neuron D. Motor neuron
(iv) Which of the following physiological processes will help to cool down body
temperature?
When the environment temperature is extremely hot?
A. Shivering B. An increase of rate of respiration
C. Contraction of hair erector muscles D. Sweating
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2. (v) A bean plant can bear either terminal or axial flower when the terminal
flowered plant (T)
Pollinated with an axial flowered plant (t) the offspring produced were 200
terminal flowed
210 axial flowered. Which of the following represents the genotype of the
parents?
A.TT x Tt B. Tt x Tt
B.TT x tt D.tt x tt
(vi) Food moves along the esophagus by a process known as:
A. Assimilation B. chewing
B. peristalsis D. churning
(vii) Flower which possess both stamens and carpels is said to be
A. Unisexual . B hermaphrodite
B. Monoecious D. zygomorphic
(viii) By which process does carbon dioxide pass from the blood into the alveoli of
lungs
A. Osmosis B. Diffusion
C. Oxidation D. Transpiration
(ix)Bending of the arm is caused by the contraction of the following muscles:
A. Smooth muscles B. Cardiac muscles
C. Extensor muscles D. Flexors muscles
(x)A patient having blood group B can receive blood of a donor who belongs to:
A. Group B only B. Group O only
C. Group B and O onlyD. Group A only
2.Match the phrases in LIST A with the response in LIST Bby writing the letter of
the correct
response beside the item number
LIST A LIST B
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3. (i) Accumulation in muscles during
intensive exercise
(ii) Complete oxidation of sugar
(iii) Control the closing and opening of
stomata
(iv) C6H14O6→
2CO2 + 2C2H2OH + 18kJ
(v) Air sacs for gaseous exchange in
mammals
(vi) The route taken by oxygen during
inhalation
(vii) Respiratory surface of Frogs
(viii) A combination of haemoglobin and
oxygen
(ix) Depends entirely on their hosts
(x) Lenticels
A. Alveoli
B. Villi
C. Guard cell
D. Epidermal cell
E. Facultative parasite
F. Obligate parasite
G. Found on leaves
H. Found in stems
I. Anaerobic respiration
J. Aerobic respiration
K. Skin,buccalcavity,lung
L. Gill, buccalcavity, spiracles
M.Carboxyhaemoglobin
N. Oxyhaemoglobin
O. Pyretic acid
P. Lactic acid
Q. Trachea-bronchi bronchioles-
alveoli
R. Trachea-bronchioles-bronchi-
alveoli
SECTION “B”( Marks 60)
3 (a) What do you understand the meaning of transpiration
(b) Distinguish between transpiration and guttation (4 points)
(c) Explain how blood entering in the heart differs from that leaving in it.
4 (a) Name the tropism in each of the following:
(i)Root growing towards gravity (ii) Shoots growing towards
light
(iii) Touch responses in certain plants part (iv) Root growing
towards water.
(b) Explain the mechanisms of hearing
5 (a) Define meristem
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4. (b) Describe the factors which affects the rate of growth
(c) Differentiate between the two types of seed germination
6 (a) What is ovulation?
(b) Give out the differences between sperm and egg cell (3 points)
(c) State out the functions of the following parts of the flower
(i) Stigma (ii) anther (iii) style (iv) Filament
7 (a) Define accommodation
(b) Explain the difference between mylinated and non-mylinated neurons
in term of
the speed of nerve impulse across them.
(c) Give out the function of the following
(i) forebrain (ii)Hypothalamus (iii) Retina (iv) Axon
8 (a) Differentiate homozygous traits from heterozygous trait
(b) States the Mendel’s first law of segregation
(c) If (T) is gene for tall trait which is dominant over (t) which indicate the
shortest trait
Mr Noel is the homologous tall married to Pendo who is heterozygous tall
(i) Write down the genotype of the Mr noel and Mrs Pendo
(ii) What are the phenotype and genotype of the offspring produced
(iii) Calculate the probability of producing heterozygous tall offspring
9. (a) What is excretion
(b) Differentiate between excretion and secretion
(c) study the diagram below then answer the question that follow
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5. (i) Label the parts represented by the the letter A,B,C,D,E,F,G and H
(ii) Indicate the site where filtration of blood occurs
(iii) Where the selective reabsorption of ions, salts and water taking place
(iv) What the function of the part labeled by letter H,D,E and A
(v) Which part makes the desert mammals like camel to survive for long
time without water?
10(a) Differentiate between endocrine and exocrine glands.
(b) Explain how insulin glucagon hormones inevitable in the mechanism of
hyperglycemia
and hypoglycemia states in living organism
(c) What are the effect(s) of hyper-secretion and hypo-secretion of growth
hormone in the
Pituitary gland
SECTION “C” (20 marks)
Answer only one question from this section
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6. 11.(a) State the Lamarckism’s theories of organic evolution.
(b) Explain the” theories of origin of life”
12 Outline the stages in which the sunlight energy passes until you get it in your
muscles for doing an
exercise.
13. Draw well the labeled diagram of mammalian heart and clearly explain how
the blood enters and
leaves from the heart.
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