Biofertilizers (Types and basic examples ) (Types and basic examples with clear in short which we can know about biofertilizers in basic)

1. Veltech Dr.RR & Dr.SR
University
Subject :Biology For
Engineers
(1150GE101)
Topic : Biofertilizers

3. What is Biofertilizer ?
A biological active products
of bacteria,algai,fungi which
gives plant nutrients by
fixation /solubilization.

4. Why Biofertilizers need?

5. Types of biofertilizers(Organic)
N2 Fixing Phospate solubilizing Biofertilizers for
Micro nutrients(new)
PGPR Phosphate mobilizing
Free living
Azotobacter,
Anabaena,
Blue green algae.
Bacteria
Bacillus subtilles
Fungi
Pencillium sp
Symboitic
Rhizobium
Anabaena azollae
Associative Symboitic
Azospirillum
Silicate and
Zinc solubilizers
Bacillus
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas
fluorescence
Mycorrihiza
Glomus sp
Amanita sp
Boletus sp

6. Nitrogen fixing Biofertilizers
Rhizobium :
 Most popular biofertilizer
 Contain symbiotic bacterium
 Mixed with charcoal powder
 Present in root nodes of legumes plants
 Fixes 20-40 kg of N/acre/sesion
 Brings 15-30% improvement in year
Effectivness Dependance:
1. Soil type
2. Climate conditions etc..
Ex:(Red,Black,Green)Bengal
gram(pulses)Soa bean(Oil
seeds,) etc…..

7. Azotobacter :
 A free living Nitrogen fixing aerobic bacterium(Activity)
 Fixes the atmospheric nitrogen by converting into ammonia
 Fixes atm Nitrogen in Rhizosphere
 Requires Carbon & calicum to fixes in soil
 Main Used for non-legumes
 Brings 20% improvement inPaddy,Wheat,Sugarcrane,Potato,etc…
 Produce some antibiotic subustances
 Synthesis plant growth subustance (Vitamin B, gibberellins.etc..)

8. Azospirillum :
 A free living fixing Nitrogen microorganism
 Activity: Asymboitic Nitrogen Fixitation
 Contain associative symbiotic bacterium
 Gives good results mainly in
maize,Sugarcrane,wheat,vegatables,rice etc…
 Nitrogen fixing ability is 20-40 kg/ha
 Similar to Azobacter

9. Azolla :
 A free-floating water fern used as Biofertilizer for wetland rice
 Activity:Symboitic Nitrogen Fixation
 It’s N-fixing ability is becauseofAnabaena as Edosymbiont
5.5 to7 pH soil is good for this.
 2500 to 3000 Kg Azolla issufficient for one ha. Field .
 Azolla fixes 30-40 Kg nitrogen / ha. / year.
Rich in proteins and contain almost all the essential
aminoacids.
 Along with Anabaena it used as green manure.

10. Phospate solubilizing
Biofertilizers
 Phosphorus is very important nutrient of plants as it required in large quantity .
 Phosphorus get fixed & becomes unaviable to plant at very high/low PH level
 Release 12kg /P/acre/season
 Generally non symbiotic
Requid Quantity to methods recommandered for applications
 200 gms enough for sead treatement of groundnet,wheat.
 100gms for small seed treatment
 For root dipping method 1kg of PSB taken in 10-15 litres
 It Effective for Paddy,Oil seeds, vegatables

11. Phosphate Mobilizing
Biofertilizers
A Symbiotic biofertilizer
 Mutual association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant.
 The fungus colonizes the host plant's roots, either intracellularly or extracellularly
 This association provides the fungus with access to carbohydrates
In return, the plant gains the benefits of the mycelium's higher absorptive
capacity for water and mineral
Ex: Coffee etc…
Mycorrhizal and non
mycorrhizal barley
plants after colonization
with (Kogel, Giessen)

12. Plant Growth Promoting
Rizobacteria
(PGPR)1. Indirect PGPR :
 Activity : Bio pesticides
 It used in Antibiotic ,Hydrolytic enzymes, Exopolysaccharides etc..
2. Direct PGPR :
 Activity : Bio fertilizers
 Used in Nitrogen fixation , phosphate&potassium solubilization
 It Produces IAA , cytokinins , Gibberelins, Ethylene .

13. Blue green Algae :
 A simplest , living autotropic plants
 Distributed in aquatic environment
 Found in climatic conditions of snow and in hot spring
 Ability to photosynthesis food
 B.G.A. fix approximately 25 Kg N/ha/year.
- B.G.A. is suitable nitrogen fixer for paddy field .
- Main sp Anabaena and Nostoc


14. Conclusion
Relatively more effective than chemical fertilizers.
Significant effect in Biomass production and grain Productivity.
Biofertilizer have great role in increasing the crop production.
They improve the soil health status.
Cost is lower than other fertilizers.

15. THANKS FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
Course : B TECH( I st Year)
Branch :CIVIL ENGINEERING
College : Veltech University
Place :Avadi, chennai.