Biodiesel
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This document summarizes an experiment to optimize biodiesel production from palm oil through a transesterification reaction. The experiment tested varying amounts of palm oil, methanol, and potassium hydroxide catalyst. The highest biodiesel yield of 55.4 ml was obtained with 60 ml palm oil, 12 ml methanol, and 2 grams of KOH catalyst. Regression analysis was performed on the results to obtain an equation correlating biodiesel production to catalyst amount. Upcoming work will vary temperature and stirrer speed to further optimize the process.
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טיול גמלים מאורגן לירדן , מסלול בתולי עם אירוח בדואי אותנטי - טיול שהוא הרפתקה אמיתית. טיול המשפחות המושלם!
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The document describes a project to design a plant that produces methanol from synthesis gas to supply a potential future market for direct methanol fuel cells. The project involves designing a process to convert synthesis gas produced from natural gas into methanol. Key aspects of the design include adding sufficient carbon dioxide to achieve stoichiometric ratios for optimal conversion, improving the reactor design to better remove heat of reaction, and refining the distillation process based on lessons learned from a previous attempt. The goal is for the design to be economically viable for a potential future commercial-scale plant.
Experimental study on the effects of injection timing using reuse of waste en...
Experimental study on the effects of injection timing using reuse of waste en...International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems
In the course of this study, an eco-friendly alternative fuel was manufactured by transesterifying waste oils with the help of alcohol and a catalyst. As required by the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) requirements, we conducted an analysis on the acquired waste cooking oil
biofuel (WOB) to determine its most important properties. We were successful in producing three separate fuel mixes, which we will refer to as BF100WOB0 (100% diesel), BF80WOB20 (80% diesel and 20% biofuel),
and BF0WOB100 (100% biofuel) respectively. This research used a diesel engine with direct injection; the engine had a single cylinder, and the
computer that operated it was located in the cabin. The results showed that the BF80WOB20 had a 3.8% increase in fuel consumption and a 1.4% loss
in thermal efficiency while it was at a temperature of 26.5° b top dead center (TDC) conditions with low injection time led to decreased levels of both nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hartridge smoke level (HSL) emissions. The addition of 20% WOB to the fundamental fuel improved the engine
combustion characteristics at 26.5° b TDC. This improvement occurred at the same time.Monisha Alam_1412059
This document describes a design of experiments study to optimize the regeneration of spent activated carbon cloth used to adsorb volatile organic compounds in automobile painting processes. A full factorial design was used initially to screen important factors. A central composite design was then employed to develop regression models and identify optimum regeneration conditions that minimize residual compounds ("heel") and maximize pore volume for reuse. The optimum conditions were identified as a molecular weight of 79.2 g/mol, kinetic diameter of 0.28 nm, and heating temperature of 259°C, achieving 4.1% heel and 0.82 cm3/g pore volume.
Methane production from Hydrogen
This presentation discusses converting carbon dioxide (CO2) to methane through the Sabatier reaction process. The presentation summarizes a study that used a two-stage bioreactor with thermophilic methanogens to convert a gas mixture of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen into a product gas that was 48% methane. The study found the hydrogen consumption rate was 1380 mmol/l-d and methane production was 120 mmol/l-d. While the Sabatier process shows promise in converting CO2 to a useful fuel, limitations remain around the source of reactants like hydrogen needed to make the process commercially viable at a large scale.
ie5032056
This document describes a study comparing two processes for producing isooctane from isobutene: a conventional process using separate reactors and distillation columns, and an intensified process using a catalytic distillation (CD) column. The conventional process involves dimerizing isobutene in a reactor, separating the dimer product using distillation, and then hydrogenating the dimer in a second reactor. The intensified process combines dimerization, hydrogenation and separation in a single CD column. Process models of both configurations are developed and compared based on energy usage, carbon dioxide emissions, isobutene utilization, and product purity. Results show the CD process achieves the same product purity as the conventional process while realizing significant energy savings and
Module 7 - Energy Balance chemical process calculations
Chemical process calculations involve various computations and analyses to design, optimize, and understand chemical processes. Here are some descriptions highlighting different aspects of chemical process calculations:
Material Balances:
Material balances are the cornerstone of chemical process calculations, ensuring that the amounts of all components entering and leaving a system are properly accounted for.
These calculations involve tracking the flow rates and compositions of substances throughout a process, often using mass or mole balances.
Energy Balances:
Energy balances involve quantifying the energy inputs and outputs in a chemical process.
These calculations are crucial for understanding the heat transfer requirements, evaluating energy efficiency, and optimizing process conditions.
Reaction Kinetics:
Chemical reactions kinetics calculations focus on understanding the rates at which reactions occur and how they are influenced by various factors such as temperature, pressure, and catalysts.
These calculations help in determining the optimal reaction conditions and designing reactors for desired conversion rates.
Phase Equilibrium Calculations:
Phase equilibrium calculations deal with determining the distribution of components between different phases in a system, such as liquid-liquid or vapor-liquid equilibrium.
These calculations are essential for designing separation processes like distillation, extraction, and absorption.
Thermodynamic Calculations:
Thermodynamic calculations involve applying thermodynamic principles to predict the behavior of chemical systems.
These calculations include determining properties such as enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and fugacity, which are crucial for process design and optimization.
Process Simulation:
Process simulation involves using computer software to model and simulate chemical processes.
These simulations allow engineers to predict process behavior under different operating conditions, optimize process parameters, and troubleshoot potential issues.
7
network error
Chapter 4 - Gas-Condensate reservoirs.pdf
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ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS INTEGRATED GASIFICATION.pptx
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Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
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◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
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1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
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Biodiesel
- 1. Optimization of Biodiesel production Harsh raj (11/CHE/19) Prithish Basak (11/CHE/29) Tcheten Lama (11/CHE/58)
- 2. Introduction Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel, is made from renewable biological sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. It is biodegradable and nontoxic, has low emission profiles and so is environmentally beneficial. It has nil sulphur content and hence is more eco-friendly and doesn’t require much modification for operational purpose.
- 3. Background of Lab Work From the previous work, we have made it a point to carry forward the lab work executed by them to a certain possible extent.
- 4. Feed Stock for biodiesel production vegetable oil substrate: palm oil KOH pellets Alcohol(methanol)
- 5. Reaction mechanism for BD production via trans-esterification route
- 6. Observations of lab analysis Palm Oil (ml) CH3OH(ml) KOH(grams) BD PRODUCED( ml) 60 12 1.51 52.00 60 12 2.00 55.40 60 12 2.21 22.00
- 7. Discussion From the above obtained readings, we can infer that for a certain catalyst concentration, the biodiesel produced would be maximum along with minimum soap and water production , and our objective has been to locate that.
- 8. Upcoming work Variation of biodiesel production with respect to temperature and r.p.m of stirrer. Forming an empirical equation from the above obtained data by curve-fitting method.
- 9. BD. PRODUCED = [-39.17* (CATALYST)^2] –1757.280*(CATALYST)] + 3472.259 THE curve which needs to be fitted is to be of the form Y = a*X^2 + b*X + c Now from the method of least square we have the equations : ∑Y = a∑X^2 +b∑ X + N*c ……… EQUATION 1 ∑X*Y = a∑X^3 +b∑X^2 + c∑X ………EQUATION 2 ∑X^2*Y = a∑X^4 + b∑X^3 + c∑X^2 …….EQUATION 3 Therefore we start to find the values of the summations to simplify the problem: ∑ X =5.76 ∑Y =129.5 ∑X^2 =11.28185 ∑X^3 = 22.58696 ∑X^4 =24.07104375 ∑X*Y =744.625 ∑X^2*Y =1460.999575 Now putting these values in the equations provided from the method of least square we g Value of a = (-39.17) Value of b = (-1757.280) Value of c =(3472.259) Hence the equation can be written as: