Efficacy of bioactive components of bottle gourd oilseed extracts on the antimicrobial activity and toxigenic fungi. Bottle gourd seeds are rich in bioactive components and phytochemicals. The polar extract reflects antioxidant potency. Total phenolic were 15.5 and 267 mg of GAE/g for oil and polar extract, respectively. Total flavonoid contents were 2.95 mg catechol /g oil and 14.86 mg catechol/g for isopropyl extract of seeds. The higher inhibition of the DPPH was shown by polar extract than oil. The MIC and MFC showed a distinguishing for the polar extract toward the pathogens. Three sterols were detected in oil, with a significant content of B-sitosterols. Oil was recorded by valuable B-carotene content and tocopherol. Polar extract recorded a promising potency against pathogens and toxigenic fungi compared to standard antibiotics. Bottle gourd extracts as a non-traditional bioactive source, are considered as a novel promising solution, which could participate in increasing the safety, shelf-life, and security of food products.