This ppt includes the different ways of bio waste management.

1. BIOMEDICAL WASTE
MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY
GOPIKA SUKUMARAN
INTERN

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITION
• CLASSIFICATION
• SOURCES
• CATEGORIES
• MANAGEMENT
• NEED FOR MANAGEMENT
• BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. INTRODUCTION
∞ The health care system which restores and
maintains community health, also threatens
patient’s wellbeing.
∞ Improper waste management poses major
health risk to the public, patients, health
professionals and causes environmental
degradation

5. CLASSIFICATION
WHO has classified Biomedical waste into
• General waste
• Pathological waste
• Radioactive waste
• Chemical waste
• Infectious waste
• Sharps
• Pharmaceutical waste
• Pressurized containers

7. SOURCES
1. MAJOR
 Hospitals
 Nursing homes
 Dispensaries
 Primary health centres
 Medical colleges and research centres
 Paramedic services
 Veterinary colleges and animal research centres
 Blood banks
 Mortuaries and autopsy centres
 Production unit
 Biotechnology institutions

8. 2. MINOR
 Physicians
 Dental clinics
 Animal houses
 Slaughter houses
 Blood donation camps
 Vaccination centres
 Acupunturists
 Psychiatrics
 Cosmetic piercing
 Funeral services
 Institutions for disabled persons

9. CATEGORIES
• The Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India framed a rule known as
Bio-Medical Waste (Management and
Handling) Rules, 2011 on 24th Aug, 2011 under
Environment Protection Act, 1986 to replace
the earlier rules.

10. Schedule I

11. Schedule II

13. MANAGEMENT
• The collection and transportation should be
carried out in a way to avoid potential hazard
to human health and environment.
• They should be handed over to the treatment
facility without any damage, spillage or
unauthorized access by public or animals.

15. DISPOSAL
 The various methods are
1. Incineration
2. Autoclaving
3. Hydroclaving
4. Microwaving
5. Shredder
6. Encapsulation
7. Irradiation
8. Vitrification

16. NEED FOR MANAGEMENT
• Due to increased population, the amount of
biomedical waste generated is also increased.
• The amount of infectious waste is 25% and Non-
infectious waste is 75%, in the absence of
segregation, the non-infectious waste becomes
infectious.
• Improper segregation, treatment or disposal can
cause the spread of diseases like TB, hepatitis and
enteric fever

17. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Government of India, Ministry of health and
Family Welfare(MoHFW). National guidelines
on Hospital Waste Management.
• The Biomedical Waste( Management and
Handling) Rules, 1998.
• Government of India, Ministry of
Environmental and Forests Gazette
notification. No.460 dated July 27, New Delhi;
1998:10-20