This document provides information on Biliary Dyskinesia (BD), a motility disorder that affects the gallbladder's ability to properly contract and relax, leading to digestive issues. It discusses the anatomy and role of the biliary system, signs and symptoms of BD such as abdominal pain and nausea, risk factors, diagnostic tests including HIDA scans, and treatment options like diet modifications, medications, and surgery. Nutritional guidelines for BD focus on managing symptoms by following a low-fat diet, staying hydrated, using probiotics and supplements, and maintaining a healthy weight.
This PPT contains all necessary detail about cholecystitis and its management and covers all aspects of this disease according to nursing point of view. Helpful for studetns.
definition
layers of the small intestine
parts of the small intestine
functions of the small intestine
types of enteritis
signs and symptoms
complications
diagnose
treatment
Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, just beneath the liver. The gallbladder holds a digestive fluid called bile that's released into the small intestine.
This PPT contains all necessary detail about cholecystitis and its management and covers all aspects of this disease according to nursing point of view. Helpful for studetns.
definition
layers of the small intestine
parts of the small intestine
functions of the small intestine
types of enteritis
signs and symptoms
complications
diagnose
treatment
Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, just beneath the liver. The gallbladder holds a digestive fluid called bile that's released into the small intestine.
science has an evolving nature. what happened today may not be tomorrow, what is not today may happen tomorrow.
No one is complete so reading and thinking may open the door to the hidden ground.
Gallstones are small, pebble-like substances that develop in the
gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped sac located below
your liver in the right upper abdomen. Gallstones form when liquid
stored in the gallbladder hardens into pieces of stone-like material.
The liquid—called bile—helps the body digest fats. Bile is made in the
liver, then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs it. The
gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a tube—called the common
bile duct—that carries it to the small intestine, where it helps with
digestion.
Bile contains water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins, and
bilirubin—a waste product.
Bile salts break up fat, and bilirubin gives bile and stool a
yellowish-brown color. If the liquid bile contains too much cholesterol,
bile salts, or bilirubin, it can harden into gallstones.
The two types of gallstones are cholesterol stones and pigment
stones. Cholesterol stones are usually yellow-green and are made
primarily of hardened cholesterol. They account for about 80 percent of
gallstones. Pigment stones are small, dark stones made of bilirubin.
Gallstones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf
ball. The gallbladder can develop just one large stone, hundreds of tiny
stones, or a combination of the two.
science has an evolving nature. what happened today may not be tomorrow, what is not today may happen tomorrow.
No one is complete so reading and thinking may open the door to the hidden ground.
Gallstones are small, pebble-like substances that develop in the
gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped sac located below
your liver in the right upper abdomen. Gallstones form when liquid
stored in the gallbladder hardens into pieces of stone-like material.
The liquid—called bile—helps the body digest fats. Bile is made in the
liver, then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs it. The
gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a tube—called the common
bile duct—that carries it to the small intestine, where it helps with
digestion.
Bile contains water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins, and
bilirubin—a waste product.
Bile salts break up fat, and bilirubin gives bile and stool a
yellowish-brown color. If the liquid bile contains too much cholesterol,
bile salts, or bilirubin, it can harden into gallstones.
The two types of gallstones are cholesterol stones and pigment
stones. Cholesterol stones are usually yellow-green and are made
primarily of hardened cholesterol. They account for about 80 percent of
gallstones. Pigment stones are small, dark stones made of bilirubin.
Gallstones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf
ball. The gallbladder can develop just one large stone, hundreds of tiny
stones, or a combination of the two.
The digestive system - Understand the Effect of aging on digestive system Stomach and Most common lifestyle diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors. For more information visit at http://gisurgery.info
This power point presentation sheds some light on the dietary intervention for lower gastrointestinal tract diseases and the dietary management for them
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2. Learning Objectives
• To know Biliary Dyskinesia Sign Symptoms.
• Explore Causes and Key Nutrients' Role.
• Discuss Treatment Options and Dietary Guidelines.
• Promote Multidisciplinary Care Awareness.
3. Introduction
• Biliary Dyskinesia (BD) is a disorder affecting the gallbladder.
• Biliary Dyskinesia, a motility disorder affecting the
gallbladder's ability to contract and relax properly, leading to
digestive issues.
• It is characterized by inflammation, abnormal contraction, and
emptying of the gallbladder.
4. Introduction
• Biliary Dyskinesia is a functional disorder primarily affecting
the gallbladder.
• It may also involve the small muscle (sphincter) where bile
empties into the small intestine.
• Unlike mechanical blockages, it is a problem with the organ's
or muscle's functioning.
• The gallbladder's main role is to store bile from the liver and
release it into the small intestine during digestion.
• If the sphincter is scarred or has spasms, bile cannot flow out
of the gallbladder. The bile then flows back into the
gallbladder and causes pain.
5. The Anatomy and physiology of the Biliary
System
• Biliary System
Anatomy
• Structure
• Role of the gallbladder
in digestion and bile
absorption,
• Bile Flow Through the
Biliary System
• Anatomical Variations
6. Anatomy
• The biliary system consists of intrahepatic and extrahepatic components.
Intrahepatic elements include bile canaliculi, canals of Herring, and
ductules/ducts within the portal tracts.
• The extrahepatic system starts with the right and left hepatic ducts, which
merge to form the common hepatic duct. The common bile duct is formed
by the union of the common hepatic duct with the cystic duct from the
gallbladder.
• It descends and empties into the second part of the duodenum through the
ampulla of Vater, with a potential short fusion with the pancreatic duct.
• The opening of the ampulla is regulated by the sphincter of Oddi.
7. Clinical Signs and symptoms
• Biliary Dyskinesia (BD) is a disorder that involves abnormal
gallbladder functioning, leading to various signs and symptoms.
• Abdominal Pain: Recurrent, intermittent pain in the upper right
quadrant of the abdomen, often radiating to the back or right
shoulder blade.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Episodes of nausea and vomiting,
particularly after consuming fatty or greasy foods.
• Bloating and Indigestion: Complaints of bloating and indigestion
after meals.
• Lower Abdominal Cramping: Cramping and discomfort in the
lower abdomen.
• Dyspepsia: Experience of indigestion and discomfort in the upper
abdomen.
• Fatty Food Intolerance: Worsening of symptoms after eating fatty
or greasy foods.
8. Risk Factors Associated with BD
• The possible risk factors of biliary dyskinesia include:
• Advanced age
• Obesity
• Female gender
• Stress
• Gallbladder inflammation
• Gastrointestinal disease
• Hypothyroidism
9. Gallbladder Motility disorders
• Motility Disorders:
• Hypomotility:
Decreased contractility leading to sluggish gallbladder
contractions.-
• Hypermotility:
Increased contractility causing rapid and irregular contractions.
Impaired Gallbladder Function and Bile Flow:
• Hypomotility:
Reduced bile release into the digestive tract.
• Hypermotility:
Inadequate bile storage and controlled bile release.- Both
conditions disrupt bile flow, impacting fat digestion and nutrient
absorption
10. Impaired Gallbladder Function Impact on
Bile Flow and Digestion.
• Bile's Role in Digestion:
• Emulsifies fats, increasing their surface area for enzyme
action.- Aids fat digestion and absorption of fat-soluble
vitamins (A, D, E, K).
• Impact of Impaired Function:
• Hypomotility: Fat malabsorption, potential nutrient
deficiencies.- Hypermotility: Digestive disturbances,
inadequate fat breakdown.
11. Diagnosis of Biliary Dyskinesia (BD)
• The following diagnostic tests or procedures may be ordered:
• Liver Function Test: Determines the health of your liver,
gallbladder and bile ducts.
• Cholecystokinin Hepatobiliary (CCK-HIDA) Scan: A small
amount of radioactive dye and enzyme cholecystokinin is injected
followed by a fatty meal. A nuclear medicine camera helps your
doctor see how well bile is secreted from your gallbladder.
• Imaging Tests: Images of your gallbladder are obtained by
performing CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound, etc.
• Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography (ERCP): is a procedure
to examine bile ducts. An endoscope is inserted through the mouth
into the opening between the stomach and small intestine. X-rays are
taken with the help of contrast liquid. Inform the provider of any
prior allergic reactions to contrast.
12. Treatment
• Pain Management:
• Prescription pain medicines or NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs) are used to manage pain associated with
Biliary Dyskinesia.
• Lifestyle Changes:Dietary modifications: A low-fat diet may help
alleviate symptoms.
• Weight management and regular physical activity can be beneficial.
Medications: Antispasmodics: These medications help relax the
gallbladder muscles and reduce pain.
• Bile acid sequestrants: They may aid in binding excess bile and
reducing symptoms.
• Surgical Option - Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy(removal of
the gallbladder):
• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure for
Biliary Dyskinesia.
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). If a
gallstone is stuck in a bile duct, this endoscopic procedure can be
performed to remove the stone.
13. Nutritional treatment and dietary guidelines for
Biliary Dyskinesia (BD)
• focuses on managing symptoms, supporting gallbladder
function, and promoting overall digestive health. Dietary
modifications can help reduce pain, improve bile flow, and
enhance digestion.
• Here are some key aspects of nutritional management for BD:
14. Nutritional Management
• Low-Fat Diet: A low-fat diet is often recommended to ease the workload on the
gallbladder and reduce symptoms. Limiting the intake of fatty and greasy foods
can help prevent excessive bile secretion and ease gallbladder contraction.
• Lean protein foods — Including lean sources of organic protein in a gallbladder
diet can relieve stress. Consider chicken, turkey, grass-fed beef, bison, wild-
caught fish and organic protein powder, including protein from bone broth
powder.
• High-Fiber Foods: Including foods high in soluble fiber, such as oats, legumes,
fruits, and vegetables, can aid in proper digestion and promote regular bowel
movements. Fiber also binds to bile acids, helping in their elimination.
• Avoiding Trigger Foods: Some individuals may have specific trigger foods that
worsen their symptoms. These may include spicy foods, fried foods, and
processed foods. Identifying and avoiding these triggers can be beneficial.
• Adequate Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is essential for overall health and
can help maintain proper bile consistency.
• Cholesterol Management: High cholesterol levels can contribute to gallbladder
issues. Maintaining healthy cholesterol levels through diet and lifestyle changes is
crucial.
15. • Smaller, Frequent Meals: Eating smaller, more frequent meals
instead of large meals can help reduce stress on the gallbladder and
promote better digestion.
• Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation: If a deficiency in certain
vitamins or minerals is identified, supplementation may be
recommended.
• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is important
for overall health and can help prevent gallbladder issues.
• Probiotics: Probiotics, found in fermented foods and supplements,
can support gut health and aid digestion.
• Unrefined healthy fats (including olive or coconut oil) . Moderate
intake of unrefined healthy fats (coconut and olive oil) with
medium-chain fatty acids aids digestion. Consume in small amounts
(1 tbsp oil or 2 tbsp sprouted nuts/seeds) to avoid burdening the liver
and gallbladder while benefiting from their anti-inflammatory
properties
16. Assessment
• Differentiate between Biliary Dyskinesia and other gallbladder
disorders, such as cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.
• Ilustrate the anatomical locations of the gallbladder, common
bile duct, and sphincter of Oddi on a labeled diagram of the
biliary system.
17. Assessment
• Biliary dyskinesia is most commonly seen in:
a) Elderly individuals over 70
b) Teenagers and young adults
c) Pregnant women
How is biliary dyskinesia diagnosed?
a) Blood test for liver enzymes
b) Ultrasound of the abdomen
c) Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan
d) Endoscopy
The biliary system, also called the biliary tract or biliary tree, is a system of ducts, organs, and associated structures that function to produce, store, secrete, and transport bile. The biliary system includes the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
This article explores the anatomy and function of the biliary system. It also discusses some of the associated conditions and how they are diagnosed and treated.
Bile
Bile is a greenish-brown, thick substance produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It is made from water, bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, bile pigments (such as bilirubin), and electrolytes. It is important in enabling the body to digest and absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins like vitamins D and K.
Once food has gone through the initial process of digestion in the stomach, it moves into the first segment of the small intestine. This is where bile and other digestive secretions continue the digestive process by breaking down food so nutrients can be absorbed.1
