The document discusses biases that can exist in media. It defines media and bias, and outlines 8 types of biases through strategies like omission, placement, labeling, word choice, and source control. Biases can influence readers' and viewers' perspectives through selective inclusion or exclusion of facts, headlines, photos, statistics, and choice of sources. While objectivity is the journalistic ideal, all media has some inherent bias based on producers' backgrounds.
This presentation I have prepared for my Bachelors in Mass Communication Students to develop their observation and understanding about linguistic features of media text
An introduction to what an audience is, how this relates to media studies and why audiences are important. Presentation talks about categorisation, audience fragmentation, the impact of new technology and links to help support your learning.
This presentation I have prepared for my Bachelors in Mass Communication Students to develop their observation and understanding about linguistic features of media text
An introduction to what an audience is, how this relates to media studies and why audiences are important. Presentation talks about categorisation, audience fragmentation, the impact of new technology and links to help support your learning.
Advocacy means to “give a voice to people”. Advocacy is a system of actions aimed at changing attitudes, policies and practices through four key types of activity:
- Awareness-raising
- Capacity development (internal and external to own organisation)
- Networking with relevant government and non-governmental partners
- Lobbying key decision-makers.
Advocacy can be directed at different audiences: the general public, NGOs, politicians, governments, other decision-makers, and your own organisation.
Advocacy means to “give a voice to people”. Advocacy is a system of actions aimed at changing attitudes, policies and practices through four key types of activity:
- Awareness-raising
- Capacity development (internal and external to own organisation)
- Networking with relevant government and non-governmental partners
- Lobbying key decision-makers.
Advocacy can be directed at different audiences: the general public, NGOs, politicians, governments, other decision-makers, and your own organisation.
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Presentation was presented by the student of Replica, Mass comm departrment.
Supervisor and resourse person: M Ahmad Sheikh Ex. Deputy Controller, Head of National Broadcasting Service. Lahore. Pakistan
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All media news sources contain some kind of bias because human b.docxADDY50
All media news sources contain some kind of bias because human beings all have different perspectives that are revealed in the ways they communicate. These biases may not simply be “liberal” or “conservative”; they may reflect other kinds of narrowed thinking.
Another reason that journalism of every ilk has become more explicit about their biases is that news sources now see themselves primarily as “businesses” rather than “news sources.” And the news often contains biases in order to attract a particular market or demographic.
We should begin to reflect critically on the multiple ways and strategies in which bias enters the news.
Your Task
1.
Watch
2 different news sources on the same day.
2.
Look
for the differences in coverage and how they might reflect their biases regarding the subject matter and stories.
o It will work best if you choose two sources that are known for their differences in approach (e.g., MSNBC & Fox News).
o It might also help to watch news sources that are known for expressing views that are radically different from your own; it’s always easier to spot bias in others.
3.
Give
detailed examples from the stories, utilizing concepts we discussed in class to help specify the types of bias you find in these news sources
o As this is a thought experiment or opinion paper, you will not need to conduct outside research aside from watching the two news programs.
.
Slide show prepared for a series of lectures on the media and American politics for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
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‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
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In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
2. Media
“Ways of transmission.” It is the Latin plural of
medium. When we put the word mass in front of
media, we mean ways of transmission to very
large audiences in the tens of millions and
beyond. The world of media is made up of
pictures, words, and sounds (academia.edu)
3. Bias
Bias is a one-sided view, which a person may have
because of some reason or motivation to see things in a
certain way. At one time or another we all complain about
"bias in the media." The fact is, despite the journalistic
ideal of "objectivity,“ (without bias or prejudice) every
news story is influenced by the attitudes and background
of its interviewers, writers, photographers and
editors.(academia.edu)
4. Types of Media Bias
Strategies for
Influencing
the Thought of
the Reader
Omission
Source
Story
Placement
Labeling
Spin
application
Think about all the aspects of the media – not just
words!
5. 1. Bias through selection and omission
• An editor can express a bias by choosing to use or not to use a
specific news item showing only one side of the picture
• Within a given story, some details can be ignored, and others
included, to give readers or viewers a different opinion about the
events reported.
• If, during a speech, a few people boo, the reaction can be described as
"remarks greeted by jeers" or they can be ignored as "a handful of
dissidents."
• Bias through omission is difficult to detect. Only by comparing news
reports from a wide variety of outlets can the form of bias be observed.
6.
7. 2. Bias through placement
● Readers of papers judge first page stories to be more significant
than those buried in the back.
● Television and radio newscasts run the most important stories
first and leave the less significant for later.
● Where a story is placed, therefore, influences what a reader or
viewer thinks about its importance.
8.
9.
10. 3. Bias by headline
Many people read only the headlines of a news item. Most people
scan nearly all the headlines in a newspaper.
Headlines are the most-read part of a paper. They can summarize as
well as present carefully hidden bias and prejudices.
They can convey excitement where little exists. They can express
approval or condemnation.
11.
12. 4. Bias by photos, captions and camera angles
Some pictures flatter a person, others make the person look
unpleasant. A paper can choose photos to influence opinion about,
for example, a candidate for election. On television, the choice of
which visual images to display is extremely important. The captions
newspapers run below photos are also potential sources of bias.
13. Photo Bias
Which picture is positive and which is
negative?
NB: Camera angles and sound can also
14.
15. 5. Bias through use of names and titles
News media often use labels and titles to describe people, places, and
events. A person can be called an "ex-con" or be referred to as someone
who "served time twenty years ago for a minor offense." Whether a person is
described as a "terrorist" or a "freedom fighter" is a clear indication of
editorial bias.
16.
17. 6. Bias through statistics and crowd counts
To make a disaster seem more spectacular (and therefore worthy of reading
about), numbers can be inflated. "A hundred injured in air crash" can be the
same as "only minor injuries in air crash," reflecting the opinion of the person
doing the counting.
18.
19. 7. Bias by source control
To detect bias, always consider where the news item
"comes from." Is the information supplied by a reporter, an
eyewitness, police or fire officials, executives, or elected or
appointed government officials? Each may have a particular
bias that is introduced into the story.
20.
21. 8. Word choice and tone Actions
Showing the same kind of bias that appears in headlines,
the use of positive or negative words or words with a
particular connotation can strongly influence the reader or
viewer.