Best paper of november 2016, singapore helath
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Mohd Anas Shamsi studied structural changes in kidney cystatin, a thiol protease inhibitor, in rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced renal cancer. Rats were divided into control and cancer groups, with the cancer group receiving dimethylnitrosamine to induce renal tumors. Kidney cystatin was isolated from both healthy and cancerous kidneys. The cancerous kidney cystatin showed greater anti-papain activity and was more stable over a range of pH and temperatures compared to the healthy cystatin, indicating a structural modification. Spectroscopy methods identified structural differences between the healthy and cancerous cystatins, demonstrating that kidney cystatin is structurally altered in renal cancer.
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Our Young Research scholars(YRS),Singapore November,2016
Our YOUNG RESEARCH SCHOLAR (YRS) of International Conference on Biotechnology, Bio Informatics, Bio Medical Sciences and Stem Cell Applications (B3SC), Singapore
11-12 November 2016
Name: Mohd Anas Shamsi
Affiiation: Aligarh muslim university, India
Alternative lengthening of telomeres is enriched in, and impacts survival of ...
This study investigated the prevalence and significance of alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) in pediatric brain tumors. The researchers screened 517 pediatric brain tumor samples for ALT using the C-circle assay and validated the results with other assays. They found that ALT was detected in a subset of malignant pediatric brain tumors, especially primitive neuroectodermal tumors, choroid plexus carcinomas, and high-grade gliomas. Somatic mutations in TP53 were strongly associated with ALT. ALT attenuated the poor prognosis associated with TP53 mutations in some tumor types. ALT positive tumors had higher survival rates than ALT negative tumors for children with TP53 mutant malignant gliomas and choroid plexus carcinomas. This suggests ALT may impact survival
Transcriptome Analysis of Spontaneous PDF
This document summarizes an analysis of gene expression in mouse lung tumors using RNA sequencing. Five mouse lung tumors - two spontaneous and three genetically engineered - were analyzed along with normal lung tissue. The top expressing genes in each tumor type were identified and their biological functions analyzed. Spontaneous tumors were associated with homeostatic processes while engineered tumors exhibited genes related to metastasis and immune response. The study aims to gain insights into lung cancer genetics using mouse models.
Role of tp53 mutations in therapy related acute myeloid leukaemia(t-aml)
TP53 mutations are highly enriched in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) compared to de novo AML. The study sequenced genomes from 22 t-AML cases and found a similar mutation burden but a higher frequency of TP53 mutations compared to de novo AML. Further sequencing of 149 genes in 89 additional t-AML/t-MDS cases confirmed TP53 as the most commonly mutated gene. Some t-AML patients were found to have TP53 mutations in samples collected before cytotoxic therapy, suggesting these pre-existing clones are selected for by therapy. Experiments in mouse models also showed HSPCs with TP53 mutations have a competitive advantage after chemotherapy.
Mi r 449b inhibits the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells thro...
Mi r 449b inhibits the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells thro...Clinical Surgery Research Communications
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Crimson Publishers: Safety of Everolimus in Living Donor Liver Transplantatio...
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The document discusses the use of everolimus (EVR) as an immunosuppressive drug for liver transplant recipients with severe renal dysfunction. It summarizes a study that found that switching from calcineurin inhibitors to EVR plus reduced tacrolimus led to improved renal function in 66.6% of recipients with pre-transplant estimated GFR below 30 mL/min/1.73m2. The study also found the EVR-based regimen was well tolerated with no significant safety concerns. The conclusion is that EVR-based immunosuppression can improve kidney function in patients with severe pre-transplant renal insufficiency.Recommended
Our Young Research scholars(YRS),Singapore November,2016
Our YOUNG RESEARCH SCHOLAR (YRS) of International Conference on Biotechnology, Bio Informatics, Bio Medical Sciences and Stem Cell Applications (B3SC), Singapore
11-12 November 2016
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Affiiation: Aligarh muslim university, India
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Transcriptome Analysis of Spontaneous PDF
This document summarizes an analysis of gene expression in mouse lung tumors using RNA sequencing. Five mouse lung tumors - two spontaneous and three genetically engineered - were analyzed along with normal lung tissue. The top expressing genes in each tumor type were identified and their biological functions analyzed. Spontaneous tumors were associated with homeostatic processes while engineered tumors exhibited genes related to metastasis and immune response. The study aims to gain insights into lung cancer genetics using mouse models.
Role of tp53 mutations in therapy related acute myeloid leukaemia(t-aml)
TP53 mutations are highly enriched in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) compared to de novo AML. The study sequenced genomes from 22 t-AML cases and found a similar mutation burden but a higher frequency of TP53 mutations compared to de novo AML. Further sequencing of 149 genes in 89 additional t-AML/t-MDS cases confirmed TP53 as the most commonly mutated gene. Some t-AML patients were found to have TP53 mutations in samples collected before cytotoxic therapy, suggesting these pre-existing clones are selected for by therapy. Experiments in mouse models also showed HSPCs with TP53 mutations have a competitive advantage after chemotherapy.
Mi r 449b inhibits the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells thro...
Mi r 449b inhibits the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells thro...Clinical Surgery Research Communications
- miR-449b expression was significantly decreased in human CRC tissues and cell lines compared to normal tissues, and was even lower in metastatic CRC tissues.
- Forced expression of miR-449b in CRC cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro.
- miR-449b was found to negatively regulate MMP2 in CRC cells, and overexpression of MMP2 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-449b on cell invasion and migration.Assessment of TP53 Mutation Status in Breast Tumor Tissue using the "Ion Ampl...
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TP53 mutations are found in 30% of breast tumors and are associated with poor prognosis in distinct subtypes of breast cancer. Direct sequencing is commonly used to obtain TP53 mutation status in tumor tissue, but has limitations in detection level and is time-consuming. Methods targeting hotspots is insufficient for TP53 analysis since the mutations are widely spread along the gene1. Here we describe the development of the Ion TorrentTM next-generation semiconductor sequencing and Ion AmpliSeqTM technology (Life TechnologiesTM).Immunosuppression post liver transplant
This study compared outcomes for patients receiving microemulsified cyclosporine versus tacrolimus for the prevention of liver transplant rejection. Patients receiving microemulsified cyclosporine had higher rates of death (32% vs 21%) and treatment failure (4% vs 2%) compared to those receiving tacrolimus, though rates of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome were equal (10% for both). Renal dysfunction and need for antihypertensive medication were also equal between the two groups.
Crimson Publishers: Safety of Everolimus in Living Donor Liver Transplantatio...
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The document discusses the use of everolimus (EVR) as an immunosuppressive drug for liver transplant recipients with severe renal dysfunction. It summarizes a study that found that switching from calcineurin inhibitors to EVR plus reduced tacrolimus led to improved renal function in 66.6% of recipients with pre-transplant estimated GFR below 30 mL/min/1.73m2. The study also found the EVR-based regimen was well tolerated with no significant safety concerns. The conclusion is that EVR-based immunosuppression can improve kidney function in patients with severe pre-transplant renal insufficiency.Ultrasound reverses adriamycin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via p...
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2) Artesunate treatment upregulated miR-493-5p expression and downregulated the target gene BRCA1 in the drug-resistant cell lines.
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Targeting Telomerase and Topoisomerase-II by Natural Moieties: An Anti-Cancer...
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One of the fundamental characteristic of tumor cell is to maintain the telomere length for continues progressive growth and survival. For the same, tumor cell has elevated levels of telomerase enzyme[1]. Telomerase is an unusual enzyme that acts on parts of chromosomes known as telomeres. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein and expressed in approximately 85% of different human cancers[2]. There is strong evidence for the existence of an important relationship between telomeres, telomerase and cancer [3]. Normal human cells progressively lose telomeres with each cell division until a few short telomeres become uncapped leading to a growth arrest, known as replicative aging. This phenomenon is totally absent in the cancer and cancer cells are adapted to have higher levels of telomerase enzyme which results in uncontrolled cell division. Attempts have also been made to develop telomere length-and telomerase-based diagnostic tools and anticancer therapeutics [4]. SURP 2014 Presentation - Lucy Lin
Lucy Lin studied the DNA damage response in pluripotent stem cells and differentiated cells from subjects with Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T). She found that in pluripotent cells, the ATR protein mediates the DNA damage response, while in differentiated cells the ATM protein mediates the response. This represents a switch from ATR-mediated response in pluripotent cells to ATM-mediated response once the cells differentiate. Future studies aim to understand the mechanism behind this switch and examine DNA damage response with ATM and ATR inhibition in pluripotent and differentiated cells.
Lnc rna nnt as1 affect progesterone resistance by regulating mir-542-3p or su...
Lnc rna nnt as1 affect progesterone resistance by regulating mir-542-3p or su...Clinical Surgery Research Communications
1) The study investigated the role of the long non-coding RNA NNT-AS1 in progesterone resistance in endometrial cancer.
2) The researchers found that NNT-AS1 and survivin expression were increased, while miR-542-3p expression was decreased, in progesterone-resistant endometrial cancer cells.
3) Experiments showed that NNT-AS1 regulates progesterone resistance in endometrial cancer by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-542-3p, thereby regulating survivin expression.Ovarian_Cancer_Presentation-Tritz_VanLith_WareJoncas_Elwell
The repeated inflammation caused by monthly ovulation exposes the fallopian tube epithelium to oxidative stress, leading to transcription-associated mutations in the TP53 gene. This is believed to be the first step in the development of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). Estrogen and inflammatory cytokines generated during ovulation cause DNA damage in the fallopian tube cells through reactive oxygen species. Mutation of the TP53 gene prevents the cells from undergoing apoptosis in response to this damage, allowing genetic changes to accumulate and cancer to develop.
Immunosupression - A back bone in the success of liver transplantation
Immunosuppression after liver transplantation primarily involves calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Steroids are also used for initial immunosuppression but are tapered off if possible due to side effects. Other common adjunct immunosuppressants include mycophenolate mofetil, which prevents lymphocyte proliferation, and sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. Induction therapy with antibodies may also be used to prevent early rejection. Close monitoring of drug levels is needed due to side effects and interactions between these powerful immunosuppressive agents.
Immunosupuression in adult liver transplantation
Basics about immunosuppressive drugs in liver transplantation and protocols for immunosuppression in adult liver transplantation. Discusses the basic immunology of transplant, common drugs and protocols used in special scenarios in transplantation.
NetBioSIG2013-KEYNOTE Esti Yeger-Lotem
Keynote presentation for Network Biology SIG 2013 by Esti Yeger-Lotem, Senior Lecturer in Clinical Biochemistry at The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Israel
NY Prostate Cancer Conference - C. Foster - Session 1: From cancer biomarkers...
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This document discusses using biomarkers to stratify cancer treatment approaches. It describes prostate cancer biomarker studies identifying markers like Hsp-27, PKC-ζ, and AGR-2 that can predict cancer behavior and clinical outcomes. Isoform-specific PKC-ζ inhibitors were developed and shown to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth in vitro, demonstrating how biomarkers can be used to identify therapeutic targets. The document advocates stratifying cancer patient management based on biomarkers from initial diagnosis through to targeted treatment selection and monitoring.Different candidates for therapeutics: from cell to gene
Options of therapy in case of tissue loss are repair, replace or regenerate. This ppt discusses various candidates used in these therapies.
高雄醫師會誌93期-病例討論~黃鈞民、王照元-術前同步化學放射治療合併手術切除成功治療局部進行期結腸癌
1. This document discusses a case report of a 67-year-old patient with stage 3C colon cancer who underwent FOLFOX chemotherapy followed by multivisceral resection. The patient experienced a pathologic complete response after chemotherapy.
2. Multivisceral resection for locally advanced colon and rectal cancer can achieve R0 resection rates of 30-90%, with 5-year survival rates around 30-73.7%. Postoperative complications occur in around 30-36% of cases.
3. Achieving a pathologic complete response through neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is associated with lower local recurrence and improved survival for patients undergoing surgery for locally advanced or rectal cancers.
The Potent ALK Inhibitor Brigtanib (AP26613) Overcomes Mechanisms of Resistan...
The Potent ALK Inhibitor Brigtanib (AP26613) Overcomes Mechanisms of Resistan...Md.Tanvir Hossain Bhuiyan
This presentation summarizes a study examining the potent ALK inhibitor brigatinib (AP26613) and its ability to overcome resistance to first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors in preclinical models. The study found that brigatinib more effectively inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenograft models of ALK-positive cancers compared to other ALK inhibitors like crizotinib, ceritinib, and alectinib. Specifically, brigatinib led to dose-dependent inhibition and even regression of tumors derived from Karpas-299 and H2228 cell lines implanted in mice. It also more strongly inhibited ALK signaling compared to crizotinib at equivalent doses. The results suggest brigatinThe role of micro rn as in the occurrence and development of esophageal squam...
The role of micro rn as in the occurrence and development of esophageal squam...Clinical Surgery Research Communications
This document reviews the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It summarizes that various miRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in ESCC and can function either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes by targeting different genes involved in processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Specifically, it provides tables listing miRNAs that have been identified as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in ESCC, along with their biological effects and target genes. The document aims to enhance understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs contribute to the progression of ESCC.mTOR inhibitor in cancer
This review article discusses mTOR inhibitors and their use in cancer and transplantation. It outlines the mTOR signaling pathway and how mTOR inhibitors like sirolimus, everolimus and temsirolimus work. It describes how mTOR inhibitors are used to prevent organ rejection after transplantation. It also discusses how dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway promotes cancer and how mTOR inhibitors have shown efficacy in renal cell carcinoma and mantle cell lymphoma. The article concludes that biomarkers are needed to identify cancers sensitive to mTOR inhibition and that combination targeted therapies may help overcome resistance.
Lung adenocarcinoma mutation landscape_India_2017_annals of oncology_pratik c...
Lung cancer is one of the most frequent and deadly disease. This presentation summarizes the systematic genomics profiling efforts of lung adenocarcinoma patients of Indian origin, as published in
Chandrani, P., Prabhash, K., Prasad, R., Sethunath, V., Ranjan, M., Iyer, P., Aich, J., Dhamne, H., Iyer, D. N., Upadhyay, P., Mohanty, B., Chandna, P., Kumar, R., Joshi, A., Noronha, V., Patil, V., Ramaswamy, A., Karpe, A., Thorat, R., Chaudhari, P., Ingle, A., Choughule, A., Dutt, A.
(2017). "Drug-sensitive FGFR3 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma.“ Annals of Oncology 28(3): 597-603.
The study uses lung adenocarcinoma primary tumor samples (FFPE blocks) for Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS) and microfluidics (RainDance) based discovery of therapeutically relevant alterations followed by validation in 363 patient samples using mass-spectrometry based Sequenom MassArray.
The study identifies novel FGFR3 mutations in addition to well known EGFR, KRAS, EML4-ALK, AKT, PIK3CA, FGFR4, ERBB2 (HER2) etc. The novel FGFR3 mutations detected in lung adenocarcinoma were further characterized using in-vitro and in-vivo experiments to confirm their transforming capability and drug sensitivity against tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI - BGJ398).
This study provides first glance of actionable alterations in Indian lung adenocarcinoma patients and establish base for further development of precision medicine options tailored for the patients of Indian origin as well as for global population.
Suppress lung cancer progression via up regulation of linc rna-p21
Suppress lung cancer progression via up regulation of linc rna-p21Clinical Surgery Research Communications
Radiotherapy promotes the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in mice with Lewis lung cancer into anti-tumor M1 macrophages. This is accompanied by increased expression of the long non-coding RNA lincRNA-p21 in the TAMs. TAMs exposed to radiation therapy suppress the viability and invasion of Lewis lung cancer cells in culture. Overexpression of lincRNA-p21 in TAMs enhances their anti-tumor effects, while decreasing lincRNA-p21 reduces the effects of radiation therapy, suggesting lincRNA-p21 plays a key role in the anti-tumor actions of radiotherapy in lung cancer.Abnormal expression of Pygopus 2 correlates with a malignant phenotype in hum...
Abnormal expression of Pygopus 2 correlates with a malignant phenotype in hum...Enrique Moreno Gonzalez
Pygopus 2 (Pygo2) is a Pygo family member and an important component of the Wnt signaling transcriptional complex. Despite this data, no clinical studies investigating Pygo2 expression in lung cancer have yet been reported. Tradus de onisim
1) The study found that while late-stage bone metastases from prostate cancer were surrounded by osteoclasts, early-stage micro-metastases were spatially unrelated to osteoclasts. This suggests osteoclast involvement may not be important for survival of cancer cells immediately after arriving in bone marrow.
2) Expression of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRa) correlated with prostate cancer cells' ability to survive and progress during early skeletal dissemination, while cells with lower PDGFRa failed to survive.
3) Blocking PDGFRa on prostate cancer cells with a monoclonal antibody impaired the establishment of early bone metastases in an animal model, indicating PDGFRa promotes survival and progression of
Best paper of november 2016, singapore engineering
Ecological sanitation utilizes human urine and composted feces in agriculture as a water-conserving and nutrient-recycling system. A study in central Nepal constructed five eco-toilets and surveyed villagers about sanitation awareness and farming practices to test using human urine for crop growth. Eighty-three percent of respondents were farmers growing vegetables and concerned about water scarcity, high fertilizer costs, and sanitation. A field experiment found cauliflower plots fertilized with urine produced similar yields as chemical fertilizer and higher yields than unfertilized plots, though more testing with different seasonal crops is needed to generalize the findings.
Keynote speaker of november 2016, singapore- engineering
Keynote Speaker of International Conference on Envirotech, Cleantech and Greentech (ECG),Singapore
10-11 November2016
Name:Azilawati Jamaludin
Affiliation:Research Scientist, National Institute of Education, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore
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Best paper of november 2016, singapore engineering
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