This document summarizes a presentation about using Behavior Driven Development (BDD) and Specification Driven Development (SDD) with PHP using the tools Behat and PHPSpec. It introduces BDD as focusing on complete features by writing user stories, while SDD focuses on writing specifications for how code should work before writing the code. The presentation demonstrates setting up a sample project using these tools, writing feature files and specifications, generating code stubs, implementing the code, and running the automated tests to verify everything works as specified.

1. Behavior & Specification
Driven Development in PHP
Presented by Joshua Warren

2. OR:

3. I heard you like to code, so let’s
write code that writes code while
you code.

5. About Me

6. PHP Developer
Working with PHP since 1999

7. Founder & CEO
Founded Creatuity in 2008
PHP Development Firm
Focused on the Magento platform
Tink, a Creatuity shareholder

8. JoshuaWarren.com
@JoshuaSWarren

9. IMPORTANT!
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10. What You Need To Know
ASSUMPTIONS

11. Today we assume you’re a PHP developer.

12. That you are familiar with test driven development.

13. And that you’ve at least tried PHPUnit, Selenium or
another testing tool.

14. BDD - no, the B does not stand for beer, despite what a Brit might tell you
Behavior Driven Development

15. Think of BDD as stepping back a level from TDD.

16. Graphic thanks to BugHuntress

17. TDD generally deals with functional units.

18. BDD steps back a level to consider complete features.

19. In BDD, you write feature files in the form of user stories
that you test against.

20. BDD uses a ubiquitous language - basically, a language
that business stakeholders, project managers, developers
and our automated tools can all understand.

21. Sample Behat Feature File
Feature: Laravel Test
In order to demonstrate Laravel and Behat
As a user
I need to be able to visit the homepage of a new Laravel app
Scenario: Homepage
Given I am on the homepage
Then I should see "Laravel 5"

22. Behat

23. We implement BDD in PHP with a tool called Behat

24. Behat is a free, open source tool designed for BDD
and PHP

25. behat.org

26. SpecBDD - aka, Testing Tongue Twisters
Specification Behavior Driven
Development

27. Before you write a line of code, you write a
specification for how that code should work

28. Focuses you on architectural decisions up-front

29. PHPSpec

30. Open Source tool for specification driven
development in PHP

31. www.phpspec.net

32. Why Use Behat and PHPSpec?

33. These tools allow you to focus exclusively on logic

34. Helps build functional testing coverage

35. Guides planning and ensuring that all
stakeholders are in agreement

36. Let’s Build Something!

37. … what we’re building …

38. Setting up Our Project

39. Setup a Laravel 5 project

40. Run composer require —dev
behat/behat
behat/mink
behat/mink-extensions
laracasts/behat-laravel-extension
phpspec/phpspec
benconstable/phpspec-laravel

41. Run:
vendor/bin/behat —init

42. Create /behat.yaml
default:
extensions:
LaracastsBehat: ~
BehatMinkExtensionServiceContainerMinkExtension:
default_session: laravel
laravel: ~

43. Create /phpspec.yaml
suites:
main:
namespace: App
psr4_prefix: App
src_path: app
extensions:
- PhpSpecLaravelExtensionLaravelExtension

44. Features

45. features/fitbit.feature
Feature: Fitbit Integration
In order to obtain Fitbit data
As a user
I need to be able to authenticate with Fitbit
Scenario: Not yet authenticated
Given I am not logged in as “josh@creatuity.com”
When I go to "/fitbit/"
Then I should see "Please authenticate"

46. vendor/bin/behat —append-snippets
Scenario: Not yet authenticated:6
Given I am not logged in as “josh@creatuity.com
When I go to "/fitbit/"
Then I should see "Please authenticate"
1 scenario (1 undefined)
3 steps (1 undefined, 2 skipped)
0m0.48s (11.00Mb)
u features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php - `I am not logged in as`
definition added

47. Behat’s written code for us!

48. /features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php
/**
* @Given I am not logged in as :arg1
*/
public function iAmNotLoggedInAs($arg1)
{
throw new PendingException();
}

49. Behat writes just enough to get us show us where
to add our logic.

50. Behat expects us to add logic to this function to
detect the user is not logged in.

51. Before we do that, let’s finish out our feature file.

52. features/fitbit.feature continued
Scenario: I have authenticated
Given I am logged in as “josh@creatuity.com”
When I go to "/fitbit/"
Then I should see "Welcome back"
Scenario: I have sleep data
Given I am logged in as “josh@creatuity.com”
When I go to "/fitbit/sleep/"
Then I should see "Sleep Report"

53. Run vendor/bin/behat —append-snippets one
more time

54. Now, let’s fill in the logic Behat needs us to add.

55. /features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php
/**
* @Given I am not logged in as :email
*/
public function iAmNotLoggedInAs($email)
{
// We completely log out
// Destroy the previous session
if (Session::isStarted()) {
Session::regenerate(true);
} else {
Session::start();
}
}

56. /features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php
public function iAmLoggedInAs($email)
{
// Destroy the previous session
if (Session::isStarted()) {
Session::regenerate(true);
} else {
Session::start();
}
// Login the user and since the driver and this code now
// share a session this will also login the driver session
$user = User::where('email', $email)->firstOrFail();
Auth::login($user);
// Save the session data to disk or to memcache
Session::save();
// Hack for Selenium
// Before setting a cookie the browser needs to be launched
if ($this->getSession()->getDriver() instanceof BehatMinkDriverSelenium2Driver) {
$this->visit('login');
}
// Get the session identifier for the cookie
$encryptedSessionId = Crypt::encrypt(Session::getId());
$cookieName = Session::getName();
// Set the cookie
$minkSession = $this->getSession();
$minkSession->setCookie($cookieName, $encryptedSessionId);
}

57. We run vendor/bin/behat once more

58. vendor/bin/behat
…
Scenario: I have sleep data
Given I am logged in as "josh@creatuity.com"
When I go to "/fitbit/sleep/"
Then I should see "Sleep Report"
The text "Sleep Report" was not found anywhere in the text of
the current page. (BehatMinkExceptionResponseTextException)
--- Failed scenarios:
features/fitbit.feature:6
features/fitbit.feature:11
features/fitbit.feature:16

59. A perfect failure!

60. These failures show us that Behat is testing our
app properly, and now we just need to write the
application logic.

61. Specifications

62. Now we write specifications for how our Fitbit class
should work.

63. These specifications should provide the logic to
deliver the results that Behat is testing for.

64. vendor/bin/phpspec describe Fitbit
Specification for Fitbit created in <project root>/spec/
FitbitSpec.php

65. PHPSpec generates a basic spec file for us

66. spec/FitbitSpec.php
namespace spec;
use PhpSpecObjectBehavior;
use ProphecyArgument;
class FitbitSpec extends ObjectBehavior
{
function it_is_initializable()
{
$this->shouldHaveType('Fitbit');
}
}

67. This default spec tells PHPSpec to expect a class
named Fitbit.

68. Now we add a bit more to the file so PHPSpec will
understand what this class should do.

69. spec/FitbitSpec.php continued
function it_connects_to_fitbit($email)
{
$this->connect($email)->shouldReturn('Success');
}
function it_returns_sleep_data($email)
{
$this->sleepData($email)->shouldReturn([8, 8, 8, 8, 8]);
}

70. Now we run PHPSpec once more…

71. vendor/bin/phpspec run
10 ! is initializable (142ms)
class Fitbit does not exist.
15 ! connects to fitbit (100ms)
class Fitbit does not exist.
20 ! returns sleep data
class Fitbit does not exist.
---- broken examples
Fitbit
10 ! is initializable (142ms)
class Fitbit does not exist.
Fitbit
15 ! connects to fitbit (100ms)
class Fitbit does not exist.
Fitbit
20 ! returns sleep data
class Fitbit does not exist.
1 specs
3 examples (3 broken)

72. Lots of failures…

73. But wait a second - PHPSpec prompts us!

74. Do you want me to create `Fitbit` for you?
[Y/n]

75. PHPSpec will create the class and the methods for us!

76. This is very powerful with frameworks like Laravel
and Magento, which have PHPSpec plugins that
help PHPSpec know where class files should be
located.

77. Fitbit.php - class Fitbit {
function connect($email)
{
// TODO: write logic here
}
function sleepData($email)
{
// TODO: write logic here
}

78. And now, the easy part…

79. Implementation

80. Implement logic in the new Fitbit class in the
locations directed by PHPSpec

81. Tie that logic into views in our application.

82. Once we’re done with the implementation, we
move on to…

83. Testing

84. Once we’re done, running phpspec run should
return green

85. Once phpspec returns green, run behat, which
should return green as well

86. We now know that our new feature is working
correctly without needing to open a web browser

87. PHPSpec gives us confidence that the application
logic was implemented correctly.

88. Behat gives us confidence that the feature is being
displayed properly to users.

89. Success!

90. The purpose of this talk is to get you hooked on
Behat & PHPSpec and show you how easy it is to
get started.

91. Behat and PHPSpec are both powerful tools

92. PHPSpec can be used at a very granular level to
ensure your application logic works correctly

93. Next week, setup Behat and PHPSpec on one of
your projects and take it for a quick test by
implementing one short feature.

94. Keep In Touch!
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• @JoshuaSWarren
• JoshuaWarren.com