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                 www.RxForSanity.com
Bedside Manners; Or
Healing your Relationships
    within Healthcare
Patricia L. Raymond MD FACP, FACG
        Sentara Bayside Hospital
              18 May 2006


          www.RxForSanity.com
News Report:


     CFJT



www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Disease Model of Rudeness
•   Definition and prevalence
•   Subtypes
•   Clinical characteristics
•   Outcomes if untreated
•   Treatment options
•   Prevention

                  www.RxForSanity.com
Healthy State: Civility
• Respect
• Restraint
• Responsibility




             www.RxForSanity.com
Incivility Epidemic: Prevalence
• 6 of 10 Americans say others are rude
• 8 to 9 of 10 say that it has worsened over
  the last decade

  Inverse relationship between civility and
                     speed


                 www.RxForSanity.com
I’m going to meet people today who talk too
much. People who are selfish, egotistical, and
                ungrateful.

    But I won’t be surprised or disturbed
 because I couldn’t imagine a world without
                such people.

                -Marcus Aurelius
             Roman Emperor A.D. 161-180

              www.RxForSanity.com
Incivility as an Epidemic:
       Genotypes of Disease
•   Road rage
•   Sideline rage
•   Workplace rage
•   School rage
•   “Virtual viciousness”
•   Incivility as entertainment
    – Media as a vector of infection?
       • Howard Stern
       • Jerry Springer

                   www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Incivility Epidemic:
         Clinical Characteristics
Physical      Active          Direct

Verbal        Passive         Indirect




               www.RxForSanity.com
Forms of Incivility: Physical

         Active             Passive

Direct   Stabbing,          Physically
         punching, shooting preventing from a
                            goal or act

Indirect Setting a booby    Refusing to
         trap, hiring an    perform necessary
         assassin           tasks
                              Farrell 1997 J Adv Nurs
                www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Forms of Incivility: Verbal
           Active                 Passive

Direct     Insulting or           Refusing to speak to
           denigrating another    another
           person

Indirect   Spreading malicious    Failing to make specific
           rumors or gossip       comments, failing to
                                  speak in another’s
                                  defense

                                    Farrell 1997 J Adv Nurs

                    www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
“…nurses aides, nurses, police
 officers, and secondary school
teachers ranked among the most
 dangerous jobs for women…”
  “…assaults occur in health care …
  more often than any other industry.”

                       Williams 1997 Crit Care Nurs Clin

              www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
An apple a day?




   www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Physicians contribute to the
    hospital incivility epidemic
• 2/3 of nurses are abused by physicians at least
  once every two to three months
• 92.5% have witnessed disruptive MD behavior
• 2-5% of medical staff exhibit disruptive behavior
• Disruptive behavior was important contributing
  factor to erosion of nurse satisfaction and morale

          Rosenstein, AJN 2002


                    www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Outcome if Untreated, or
So people in medicine
      are rude-
  Why should I care?
   1. Nursing Shortage
   2. Patient Outcomes


        www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Relationships and mortality
• Knaus 1986 Ann Int Medicine
  – 5030 patients in 13 ICUs
     • Differences in death rates related to interaction and
       communication between nurses and MDs
• Shortell 1994 Medical Care
  – 17,440 patients in 42 ICUs
     • Group culture, leadership, communication,
       coordination, conflict management abilities
        – Lower risk-adjusted length of hospital stay
        – Lower nurse turnover
        – Higher technical quality of care


                  www.RxForSanity.com
Rx for
facility incivility




    www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
I have no power to change the
   rude behavior of others.

 I just need to put up with it.


           www.RxForSanity.com
People treat you the way you
  teach them to treat you.
        ~Jack Canfield




         www.RxForSanity.com
Your medical colleagues
     are trainable.
      The proof?


    MCMC
      www.RxForSanity.com
Guidelines for Treatment of
              the Rude
1. Rude behavior is not usually personal.
2. I am not going to fundamentally change
   the rude person, just their behavior around
   me.
3. I have to take action immediately to
   change the rude behavior.
        –   Piddling puppy analogy



                     www.RxForSanity.com
People always say I didn’t give
up my seat because I was tired,
      but that isn’t true.
   No, the only tired I was,
    was tired of giving in.
        ~Rosa Parks
         www.RxForSanity.com
It Just Won’t Work!

• But are the uncivil trainable?
• Zippity- Do- Dah
• Silence Sanctions
  – Don’t turn the other cheek


             www.RxForSanity.com
You can please some of the
    people some of the time,
and all of the people some of the
               time,
but some of the people you can’t
    please none of the time.
          ~ Ziggy (Tom Wilson)

           www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Treatments for the Rude
• Stay calm: “Code Pink”




               www.RxForSanity.com
Treatments for the Rude
        Skills for the Job of Living
•   The Sylvia Technique
•   Don’t Mirror, Harmonize
•   Whiplash
•   Confront



                www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
A memorandum is written not to
inform the reader, but to protect
     the writer. ~Dean Acheson
    “What was that you said?”



            www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Confront verses “Carefront”
     Judith Briles: “Zapping Conflict in the Health Care Workplace”
•   When you ________ (specific action)
•   I felt ________ (your reaction)
•   Because _______ (what it looks, sounds or feels like to you)
•   Was it your intent to _______? (repeat what the action was)
     – STOP: Wait for response
• In the future, ________ (what behavior do you want?)
• If there isn’t a change, ________ (consequence)



                          www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Practice Time
•   “Code Pink”
•   The Sylvia Technique
•   Don’t Mirror, Harmonize
•   Whiplash
•   “Carefront”
    – When you ________, I felt ________
    – Because _______ . Was it your intent to _______?
               STOP: Wait for response
    – In the future, ________ .
    – If there isn’t a change, ________ .

                   www.RxForSanity.com
The only thing necessary for the
triumph of evil is for good men
        to do nothing.
          ~Edmund Burke




           www.RxForSanity.com
Challenge Offensive Behavior
• Keep those kinds of thoughts to yourself
• You might want to reconsider that.
  It doesn’t reflect well on you.
• You can’t mean that
• Do you want to repeat that? (incredulous)
• I’m sure I didn’t hear that right. Do you
  want to rephrase that?

                www.RxForSanity.com
A appeaser is one who feeds a
        crocodile –
 hoping it will eat him last.
       ~Winston Churchill




          www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
‘You’ Responses
•   You need to back off
•   You have gone to far
•   You need to apologize for being late
•   Your calling me names isn’t going to
    change my mind



                  www.RxForSanity.com
If you put a small value
        on yourself,
rest assured that the world
 will not raise your price.
         ~Anonymous



         www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
You Must Be:
• Insistent
• Persistent
• Consistent

• If it doesn’t work…



                 www.RxForSanity.com
Some cause happiness wherever
           they go.
  Others, whenever they go.
          -Oscar Wilde
             1854-1900


          www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Prevention:
“Elevation”

             J. Haidt, UVa




 www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Some Exercises for “Elevation”

•   “Make a Change”
•   “Pass it on”
•   The “put-down, put-up bean jar” exercise
•   Are your staff suffering from O.R.?
    – “Bell-Ringers”
• “Give Up the Chip”


                   www.RxForSanity.com
More Exercises for “Elevation”
• Recognize Positive Behaviors
  – NorthShore Regional Medical Center, Slidell Lo.
  – Vote for awards for MDs with positive
    behaviors and attitudes
  – Congeniality, most compassionate, best
    dictation, best teacher, best penmanship, best
    bedside manner, best phone etiquette
• Begin an epidemic of elevation in your
  office or unit!

                    www.RxForSanity.com
Few things are harder to put up
  with than a good example.
          -Mark Twain
             1835-1910


           www.RxForSanity.com
We need to act!
• Improved working relationships amongst
  staff and between staff and patients
  – Enhanced job satisfaction and reduced turnover
    of both nurses and MDs
  – Reduced LOS and costs of health care
  – Better patient outcomes



                  www.RxForSanity.com
Bring Kind back into Mankind
 Treat everyone with politeness,
 even those who are rude to you,

    not because they are nice,
     but because you are.


         www.RxForSanity.com
Now you are the CFJT of Bayside




           www.RxForSanity.com
B   •   Belligerent
A   •   arrogant
Y   •   yahoos
S   •   spawn
I   •   insidious
D   •   devastation of
E   •   (self) esteem
        www.RxForSanity.com
B   • Behavioral
A   • adjustments
Y   • yield
    • supportive &
S
      satisfied staff
I   • in
D   • delivering daily
E   • excellence
        www.RxForSanity.com
www.RxForSanity.com
Passionate HealthCare…
Love caregiving, just for the health of it!

    Sign up today for your FREE newsletter,
   with twice monthly medical humor, stories,
       and simple tips to love your career!
              Delivered via email!


                 www.RxForSanity.com

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Bedside mannersRAYMOND

  • 1. Passionate HealthCare… Love caregiving, just for the health of it! Sign up today for your FREE newsletter, with twice monthly medical humor, stories, and simple tips to love your career! Delivered via email! www.RxForSanity.com
  • 2. Bedside Manners; Or Healing your Relationships within Healthcare Patricia L. Raymond MD FACP, FACG Sentara Bayside Hospital 18 May 2006 www.RxForSanity.com
  • 3. News Report: CFJT www.RxForSanity.com
  • 5. Disease Model of Rudeness • Definition and prevalence • Subtypes • Clinical characteristics • Outcomes if untreated • Treatment options • Prevention www.RxForSanity.com
  • 6. Healthy State: Civility • Respect • Restraint • Responsibility www.RxForSanity.com
  • 7. Incivility Epidemic: Prevalence • 6 of 10 Americans say others are rude • 8 to 9 of 10 say that it has worsened over the last decade Inverse relationship between civility and speed www.RxForSanity.com
  • 8. I’m going to meet people today who talk too much. People who are selfish, egotistical, and ungrateful. But I won’t be surprised or disturbed because I couldn’t imagine a world without such people. -Marcus Aurelius Roman Emperor A.D. 161-180 www.RxForSanity.com
  • 9. Incivility as an Epidemic: Genotypes of Disease • Road rage • Sideline rage • Workplace rage • School rage • “Virtual viciousness” • Incivility as entertainment – Media as a vector of infection? • Howard Stern • Jerry Springer www.RxForSanity.com
  • 11. Incivility Epidemic: Clinical Characteristics Physical Active Direct Verbal Passive Indirect www.RxForSanity.com
  • 12. Forms of Incivility: Physical Active Passive Direct Stabbing, Physically punching, shooting preventing from a goal or act Indirect Setting a booby Refusing to trap, hiring an perform necessary assassin tasks Farrell 1997 J Adv Nurs www.RxForSanity.com
  • 14. Forms of Incivility: Verbal Active Passive Direct Insulting or Refusing to speak to denigrating another another person Indirect Spreading malicious Failing to make specific rumors or gossip comments, failing to speak in another’s defense Farrell 1997 J Adv Nurs www.RxForSanity.com
  • 16. “…nurses aides, nurses, police officers, and secondary school teachers ranked among the most dangerous jobs for women…” “…assaults occur in health care … more often than any other industry.” Williams 1997 Crit Care Nurs Clin www.RxForSanity.com
  • 21. An apple a day? www.RxForSanity.com
  • 23. Physicians contribute to the hospital incivility epidemic • 2/3 of nurses are abused by physicians at least once every two to three months • 92.5% have witnessed disruptive MD behavior • 2-5% of medical staff exhibit disruptive behavior • Disruptive behavior was important contributing factor to erosion of nurse satisfaction and morale Rosenstein, AJN 2002 www.RxForSanity.com
  • 25. Outcome if Untreated, or So people in medicine are rude- Why should I care? 1. Nursing Shortage 2. Patient Outcomes www.RxForSanity.com
  • 27. Relationships and mortality • Knaus 1986 Ann Int Medicine – 5030 patients in 13 ICUs • Differences in death rates related to interaction and communication between nurses and MDs • Shortell 1994 Medical Care – 17,440 patients in 42 ICUs • Group culture, leadership, communication, coordination, conflict management abilities – Lower risk-adjusted length of hospital stay – Lower nurse turnover – Higher technical quality of care www.RxForSanity.com
  • 28. Rx for facility incivility www.RxForSanity.com
  • 30. I have no power to change the rude behavior of others. I just need to put up with it. www.RxForSanity.com
  • 31. People treat you the way you teach them to treat you. ~Jack Canfield www.RxForSanity.com
  • 32. Your medical colleagues are trainable. The proof? MCMC www.RxForSanity.com
  • 33. Guidelines for Treatment of the Rude 1. Rude behavior is not usually personal. 2. I am not going to fundamentally change the rude person, just their behavior around me. 3. I have to take action immediately to change the rude behavior. – Piddling puppy analogy www.RxForSanity.com
  • 34. People always say I didn’t give up my seat because I was tired, but that isn’t true. No, the only tired I was, was tired of giving in. ~Rosa Parks www.RxForSanity.com
  • 35. It Just Won’t Work! • But are the uncivil trainable? • Zippity- Do- Dah • Silence Sanctions – Don’t turn the other cheek www.RxForSanity.com
  • 36. You can please some of the people some of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but some of the people you can’t please none of the time. ~ Ziggy (Tom Wilson) www.RxForSanity.com
  • 38. Treatments for the Rude • Stay calm: “Code Pink” www.RxForSanity.com
  • 39. Treatments for the Rude Skills for the Job of Living • The Sylvia Technique • Don’t Mirror, Harmonize • Whiplash • Confront www.RxForSanity.com
  • 41. A memorandum is written not to inform the reader, but to protect the writer. ~Dean Acheson “What was that you said?” www.RxForSanity.com
  • 43. Confront verses “Carefront” Judith Briles: “Zapping Conflict in the Health Care Workplace” • When you ________ (specific action) • I felt ________ (your reaction) • Because _______ (what it looks, sounds or feels like to you) • Was it your intent to _______? (repeat what the action was) – STOP: Wait for response • In the future, ________ (what behavior do you want?) • If there isn’t a change, ________ (consequence) www.RxForSanity.com
  • 45. Practice Time • “Code Pink” • The Sylvia Technique • Don’t Mirror, Harmonize • Whiplash • “Carefront” – When you ________, I felt ________ – Because _______ . Was it your intent to _______? STOP: Wait for response – In the future, ________ . – If there isn’t a change, ________ . www.RxForSanity.com
  • 46. The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. ~Edmund Burke www.RxForSanity.com
  • 47. Challenge Offensive Behavior • Keep those kinds of thoughts to yourself • You might want to reconsider that. It doesn’t reflect well on you. • You can’t mean that • Do you want to repeat that? (incredulous) • I’m sure I didn’t hear that right. Do you want to rephrase that? www.RxForSanity.com
  • 48. A appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile – hoping it will eat him last. ~Winston Churchill www.RxForSanity.com
  • 50. ‘You’ Responses • You need to back off • You have gone to far • You need to apologize for being late • Your calling me names isn’t going to change my mind www.RxForSanity.com
  • 51. If you put a small value on yourself, rest assured that the world will not raise your price. ~Anonymous www.RxForSanity.com
  • 53. You Must Be: • Insistent • Persistent • Consistent • If it doesn’t work… www.RxForSanity.com
  • 54. Some cause happiness wherever they go. Others, whenever they go. -Oscar Wilde 1854-1900 www.RxForSanity.com
  • 56. Prevention: “Elevation” J. Haidt, UVa www.RxForSanity.com
  • 58. Some Exercises for “Elevation” • “Make a Change” • “Pass it on” • The “put-down, put-up bean jar” exercise • Are your staff suffering from O.R.? – “Bell-Ringers” • “Give Up the Chip” www.RxForSanity.com
  • 59. More Exercises for “Elevation” • Recognize Positive Behaviors – NorthShore Regional Medical Center, Slidell Lo. – Vote for awards for MDs with positive behaviors and attitudes – Congeniality, most compassionate, best dictation, best teacher, best penmanship, best bedside manner, best phone etiquette • Begin an epidemic of elevation in your office or unit! www.RxForSanity.com
  • 60. Few things are harder to put up with than a good example. -Mark Twain 1835-1910 www.RxForSanity.com
  • 61. We need to act! • Improved working relationships amongst staff and between staff and patients – Enhanced job satisfaction and reduced turnover of both nurses and MDs – Reduced LOS and costs of health care – Better patient outcomes www.RxForSanity.com
  • 62. Bring Kind back into Mankind Treat everyone with politeness, even those who are rude to you, not because they are nice, but because you are. www.RxForSanity.com
  • 63. Now you are the CFJT of Bayside www.RxForSanity.com
  • 64. B • Belligerent A • arrogant Y • yahoos S • spawn I • insidious D • devastation of E • (self) esteem www.RxForSanity.com
  • 65. B • Behavioral A • adjustments Y • yield • supportive & S satisfied staff I • in D • delivering daily E • excellence www.RxForSanity.com
  • 67. Passionate HealthCare… Love caregiving, just for the health of it! Sign up today for your FREE newsletter, with twice monthly medical humor, stories, and simple tips to love your career! Delivered via email! www.RxForSanity.com