Tools: software eg databases, artificial intelligence and expert systems, predictive modelling; internet; others eg data mining systems Gather information: define the requirement; establish sources of information; define other factors to be considered eg constraints; select information Analyse information: quality eg validity, accuracy, currency, relevance; identify alternatives Management information: reports eg sales report, college enrolment statistics, marketing analysis (brick versus click)

1. Be able to use IT tools to
produce management
system

2. Artificial Intelligence and Expert System
- Artificial Intelligence
- Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of human brain
- Artificial Intelligence System
- The people, procedures, hardware, software, data and knowledge needed to develop
computer systems and machines that demonstrate the characteristics of intelligence.

3. Major Branches of AI
- Perceptive System
- A system that approximates the way the human sees, hears, and feels objects
- Vision System
- Capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures
- Robotics
- Mechanical and computer devices that perform tedious tasks with high precision
- Expert System
- Stores Knowledge and make inferences

4. Major Branches of AI
- Natural Language Processing
- Computers understand and react to statements and commands made in a natural
languages
- Neural Network
- Computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of the human brain

5. Artificial Intelligence
- Games Playing
- Programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers
- Programming languages for AI : java, python, lisp, prolog etc

6. Artificial Intelligence
- Games Playing
- Programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers
- Programming languages for AI : java, python, lisp, prolog etc

7. Expert System
- Information system that has been used to solve problem that usually
requires an expert to solve
- Expert system is an information system that is capable of mimicking
human thinking and making consideration during the process of decision
making.

8. Why Expert System

9. Expert System
- Help experts in their routine to improve productivity
- Helps experts in some of their more complex and difficult tasks so that the
problem can be managed effectively
- Help an expert to obtain information needed by the other experts who have
forgotten about it or who are too busy to search for it.

10. Expert System Applications
- Banking and Financial Sector
- An expert system that helps bank managers in making decisions on granting loans
- An expert system that advises bank managers in giving housing loans
- An expert system that advises insurance companies on the risks involved in insuring a
customer or a company
- An expert system that helps banks decide on whether a customer is entitled for credit
card or not
- An expert system that identifies computer fraud and controls it.

11. Expert System Applications
- Production industries and Military
- An expert system capable of diagnosing some technical malfunctions in airplanes, gas
turbines and helicopters
- An expert system that helps identify threats that may put security risk
- An expert system that helps form and produce small mechanical items.

12. Expert System
- Knowledge
- Knowledge is a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject or domain.
- Anyone can be called as expert as long as that person has vast knowledge of the
particular field and has practical experience in a certain domain.

16. Expert System Architecture
- Knowledge Base
- Stores facts and rules or heuristic rule
- Stored facts are information or data in designated filed.
- Rules or heuristic rules explain procedures of reasoning used to solve a certain
problem.

17. Expert System Architecture
- Rules Creation in Knowledge Base
IF monsoon season
AND cloudy sky
AND weather station predicted rain
THEN you are advised to bring an umbrella

18. Expert System Architecture
- Knowledge Acquisition
- Knowledge acquisitions is a process of gathering and transferring problem solving
expertise from all sources of knowledge in a computer programme.
- Inference Engine
- Inference engine is the most important component and is considered the brain of an ES.
- Inference engine is a computer programme that derives to the conclusion or solutions and
the at the same time provides the reasoning methodology for information stored in the
knowledge database

19. Data Mining System
- System which extract the knowledge from data
- Applications
- Market Analysis
- Fraud Detection
- Customer Retention
- Production Control
- Science Exploration

20. Data Mining Applications
- Market Analysis And Management
- Data mining helps to determine what kind of people buy what kind of products
- Data mining helps to determine best products for best people
- Data mining helps to find the clusters of model customers who share same
characteristics such as interests, spending habits, income, etc.
- Determines customer purchasing pattern

21. Data Mining Applications
- Corporate Analysis And Risk Management
- Cash flow analysis and prediction, contingent claim analysis to evaluate assets
- Fraud Detection
- Credit card fraud analysis