3. INTRODUCTION
• School is an institution for educating children.
• Its an institution at which instruction is given
in a particular discipline and helps in developing the skills of
the children from basic.
• In common , school is the main place for moulding the
students in good manner, thus helps in our country
development in future.
4. AIM
• To plan, analyze & design of an academic block of school
building with sufficient qualities for children's development.
• The main scope of this project is to develop an educational
area which helps in development of nearby areas.
5. PLAN DIMENSIONS
• Site layout area = 30565.92 Sq.m.
• Building area = 1074.15 Sq.m.
• Number of floors = G+3
16. Total weight on beam:
Area = 1/2(a+b)xh
= 1/2(.2+3.8)x3.6x2
= 14.4 m²
Slab weight on beam = 4.75x14.4 = 68.4 kN
Slab weight on beam per metre = 68.4/3.8
= 18 kN/m
17. Self weight of beam = 25x0.3x0.6
= 4.5 kN/m
Total weight on beam = 18+4.5
= 22.5 kN/m
18. Live load analysis:
Live load at roof level:
Weight of live load = 3 kN/m²
Total weight on beam:
Area = 14.4 m²
Total weight on beam = 3x14.4
= 43.2 kN
Total weight on beam per metre = 43.2/3.8
=11.36 kN/m
25. Manual Calculation
Design of Slab – S1
Size of room = 3.6 m * 3.8 m
Type of slab = Two way Slab
(Ly/Lx) = (3.8/3.6) = 1.05 < 2
Depth of slab = 130 mm.
Effective span of slab = (Clear Span + Effective depth)
= (3.6 +0.106)
= 3.706 m
26. • CONT..
.
Design Ultimate Load = 11.625 kN/m2
Ast = 294 mm2 (In Both ways)
Reinforcement = 12 mm dia @ 265 mm c/c
Edge strip Reinforcement:
Min Ast = 156 mm²
Reinforcement = 8 mm dia @ 290 mm c/c
27. Cont.....
Torsion Reinforcement:
Area of Torsion = (3/4)x Ast
= (3/4)x265)
= 196.5 mm²
Reinforcement = 8 mm dia @255 mm c/c
Length over which the torsion steel provided:
Length = (1/5)x span
= (1/5)x 3706= 750 mm
29. Design of Beam - B1
Size of the beam = 300mm * 600 mm
Clear cover = 25 mm
Moment = 166.526 kNm
Mu limit = 0.138 fck b d²
= 0.138x25x300x550² = 313.08 k Nm
Mu < Mu limit
Hence it is doubly reinforced beam
Main Reinforcement:
Ast =Mu = 0.87fyAst.d[1-(Ast.fy/bdfck)]
166.526x106 = (0.87x415xAstx550)
166.526x106 = 198577.5Ast-19.97
Ast = 924.55mm2 ≈ 925mm2
30. Continue:
Min Ast :
As/bd = 0.85/fy
Ast= 337.95 mm²
Max Ast :
Ast = 0.04 bD
= 0.04 ×300×600
= 7200 mm2
Min Ast< Ast < Max Ast
No of bars = 5 nos of 16 mm dia bars
Shear reinforcement = 8 mm dia bar @ 300 mm c/c
33. Cont........
• The tabulation shows the summary values on shear
force and bending moment for beams
• Beam number 452 (B-452) has maximum bending
moment 166.526 kN-m.
34. Design of Column – C1
Size of column =300 mm * 450 mm
Fck = 25 N/mm² , Fy = 415 N/mm²
Load acting on column = 1588.25 kN
Ag=103394.96 mm²
Area of Longitudinal Reinforcement :
Asc = 2% Ag provided
= 0.02×(350×450)
= 2700 mm²
Provide 20mm dia bar
No of bars= 2700 /(π×20²/4)
No of bars= 10 0f 20 mm dia bars
35. Cont.........
Lateral ties:
From IS 456-2000,Clause 26.5.3.2,
a) Greater of the diameters of,
i) 1/4× larger dia = 1/4×20 = 5mm
ii) 6mm
Adopt 6mm diameter ties.
Pitch distance: (Least of the following)
i) Least lateral dimension = 300mm
ii)16 times the dimensions of longitudinal bar
= 16×20 = 320mm
iii)300mm
Hence adopt 6mm ties at 300mm c/c.
38. Cont........
• The tabulation shows the summary values of load for
columns.
• Node number 18 (C-18) has maximum load 1588.25 kN
39. Design of Footing – F1
Size of colum = 300mm×450mm
Assume SBC = 270kN/m²
Load of column = 1588.25kN
Self weight of footing (10%) = 158.8kN
Total load (Wu) = 1747.05kN
Column side ratio = 450/300
= 1.5
L×B = 6.47
(1.5×B)×B = 6.47
B = 2.1m
L =1.5B
L =1.5×2.1
L = 3.11m
Size of Footing = 3.11 m × 2.1 m
40. Cont........
Check :
L/B = 3.11/2.1= 1.5 (same)
Factored soil pressure @ base:
Pu = load/area
Pu = 1747.05/(3.11*2.1)
Pu = 267.5kN/m²
Pu = 267.5 < 270kN/m²
Factored BM
a)Cantilever projection from longer side face of column
= 2.1 - 0.45/2 = 1.33m
b)Cantilever projection from shorter side face of column
= 2.1 - 0.3/2 =0.9m
41. Cont..........
BM @ Longer side face of column = Pul²/2
= 267.5×1.33²/2
= 236.59 kNm
BM@ Shorterside face of column = Pul²/2
=267.5×0.9²/2
= 108.33kNm
42. Cont.......
Vu = Pu (1.33-d)
Vu = 267.5 (1.33-d)
Assuming the shear strength of = 0.36 N/mm² and of with the
nominal % of reinforcement Pt = 0.25%
= Vu /bd
0.36 = 267.5(1.33-d) /1000×d
360 d = 355.77-267.5d
d = 0.566m
Assume effective cover =50mm
Overall depth, D = d + ϕ/2 + 50
= 566 + 16/2 + 50
D = 624mm ≈ 630 mm.
47. Design of Staircase
Size of staircase = 3.6 m * 7.2 m
Height of storey = 3.5 m
Riser = 175 mm , Tread = 270 mm
Height of first flight = 3.5/2 = 1.75 m
No of risers = 1750/175 = 10 Nos
No of tread = 9 nos
Width of stair = ((3600-100)/2)
= 1750 mm
Going distance = 9 x 0.27 = 2.43 m
Landing space = (7.2 – 2.43 )/2
= 2.38 mm
48. Cont.....
Self weight on landing slab = 13.125 k N/m²
Self weight on waist slab = 16.75 kN/m²
Moment at centre = 97.94 kNm
Area of main reinforcement = 2499.32 mm²
provide 12 mm dia bar at 80 mm c/c
Area of distributor Reinforcement = 210 mm ²
provide 8 mm dia bar at 235 mm c/
50. Summary:
MEMBER ID REINFORCEMENT
SLAB S1 Main: 12 mm dia @ 265mm c/c (Both ways)
BEAM B1 5 no s of 16 mm dia bar(TENSION )
2 no s of 16 mm dia bar(COMPRESSION)
COLUMN C1 10 no s of 20 mm dia bar
6 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c as lateral ties
FOOTING F1 Longer:20 mm dia @ 220 mm c/c
Shorter:12 mm dia @ 205 mm c/c
51. CONCLUSION
• During this project work we have learnt how to plan , analyse and
design of high school building academic block by using the software
and also by manually .
• At the end of this project we have clear idea regarding reinforcement
detailing and we have gained knowledge in manual approach for
structural design using IS codes .
• The proposed school building in this project is drafted using Auto
CADD software and analyzed using STADD Pro. Software and it was
designed manually based on IS 456 – 2000 .
52. REFERENCES
• IS:456:2000 “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and
Reinforced Concrete (Fourth Revision)” Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi.
• IS 875 (1989) Part 1 & Part 2 “Indian Standard Code of Practice for
Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures
” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
• Krishna Raju. N (2001) “Design of Concrete Structure” CBS
Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
• “National Building Code of India (2005)”, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi.
• IS:8827:1978 “Recommendations for basic requirements of School
Buildings”.
• Site visit (Hindu Kalvi Nilayam – Erode)
