Bioinformatics is the combination of biology and information technology used to understand biological phenomena. It involves using computational tools and methods to manage, analyze, and manipulate large amounts of biological data. Specifically, bioinformatics is concerned with applying quantitative analytical techniques to model and solve problems involving biological systems at the molecular level. It first emerged in the 1990s and deals with managing and analyzing DNA, RNA, and protein sequence data as well as other biological data like gene expression profiles, protein structures, protein interactions, microarrays, and functional analyses of biomolecules.

1. Bioinformatics
Mohd Kaif Khan
20BTB31
GJ9670
Botany Department AMU, Aligarh
Bioinformatics
Mohd kaif khan
20BTB31
GJ9670
B.sc 6th Sem
Botany department AMU ,
Aligarh

2. Bioinformatics
• The combination (marriage) of biology and information technology.
• Also called as “computational biology”.
• It is a recently developed science using information
to understand biological phenomenon.
• It involves the computational tools and methods are
used to manage , analyze and manipulate volumes and
volumes of biological data.

3. • It concerned with the application of quantitative analytical techniques in
modeling and solving problems in the biological system.
• It is interdisciplinary approach requiring advanced knowledge of computer
mathematics and statistical methods for understanding of biological
phenomena at the molecular level.

4. History
• It was first introduced in 1990s.
• It deals with the management and analysis of the data having DNA, RNA and proteins sequences
• Other biological data are:
1. Gene expression profils
2. proteins structure
3. proteins interaction
4. Microarrays (DNA chips)
5. Functional analysis of biomolecules
6. Drug designing

5. Broad coverage of bioinformatics
• Functional genomics:
identification of genes and their respective functions.
• Structural genomics:
predictions related to functions of proteins
• Comparative genomics:
understanding the genomes of different species of organisms
• Medical informatics:
involves management of biomedical data with special references to biomolecules, in vitro assays and
clinical trials etc.

6. Components of bioinformatics
• Creation of databases:
involves organizing, storage and management of biological data sets.
Databases are accessible and submit new entries. Protein sequenes data bank for molecular
structures.
• Development of algorithms and statistics:
involves the development of tools and resources to determine the relationships among the
members of large data sets.
Comparisons of protein sequence data with the already existing protein sequences

7. • Analysis of data interpretation
includes DNA, RNA and protein sequences, proteins structure, gene
expression profiles, and biochemical pathways

8. Bioinformatics and the internet
• It is an international computer network.
• Involves a group of computers that can communicate (usually over
telephone system) and exchange data between users.
• Internet protocol (Ip) determines how the packets of information are
addressed and routed over the networks.
• To access the internet ,computer must have the correct hardware ,
appropriate software and permission for access to network.

9. References
• International journal of applies sciences and biotechnology
(ISSN (Online):2091-2609)
• Wikipedia.org
• SlideShare.com