This document provides information about basic sentence structures in English. It discusses the five main patterns: subject-verb (S-V), subject-verb-object (S-V-O), subject-verb-adjective (S-V-Adj), subject-verb-adverb (S-V-Adv), and subject-verb-noun (S-V-N). Each pattern is explained and examples are given. The document also discusses how basic sentences using these patterns can be expanded by adding adjectives, adverbs, objects, or other elements.

1. Translation 3
Teacher: Aisha maashi
Basic Sentence Structure
Prepared by:
Group(362)
Rana al balawi
Ohuod nemer
Basma albalawi
Nouf albalawi
Group(361)
Laila mohammed
Asma Rafi

2. 2
Sentence structure
Is the way a sentence is arranged, grammatically? The sentence structure of your
writing includes where the noun and verb fall within an individual sentence.
Sentence structure depends on the language in which you're writing or speaking.
It's common in English for a simple sentence to look like this: "She throws the
ball." In this case, the sentence structure is "Subject, verb, object." There are many
ways to make the sentence structure much more complicated while still providing a
framework for the information you're conveying and being grammatically correct.

3. 3
There are five basic patterns around which most English sentences are built.*
They are as follows:
At the heart of every English sentence is the Subject-Verb relationship. Other
elements can be added to make a sentence more interesting, but they are not
essential to its formation.
S-V Subject-Verb John sleeps.
Jill is eating.
Jack will arrive next week.
S-V-O Subject-Verb-Object I like rice.
She loves her job.
He's eating an orange
S-V-Adj Subject-Verb-Adjective He's funny.
The workers are lazy.
Karen seems angry.
S-V-Adv Subject-Verb-Adverb Jim is here.
Flowers are everywhere.
S-V-N Subject-Verb-Noun She is my mom.
The men are doctors.
Mr. Jones is the teacher.

4. 4
The following sentences are examples of the S-V pattern.
She sleeps. Core sentence
She sleeps soundly. An adverb is added to describehow she sleeps.
She sleeps on the sofa. A prepositional phrase is added to tell where she sleeps.
She sleeps every
afternoon.
A time expression is added to tell when she sleeps.
She is sleeping right
now.
Verb tense is changed, but S-V relationship remains the
same.
Mary will sleep later. Subject is named and another tense is used.
The dogs are sleeping
in the garage.
New subject may require a different form of the verb.
Note: Any action verb can be used with this sentence pattern.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-O pattern.
They like rice. Core sentence
The people like rice. Specific subject
The friendly people like
rice.
Subject modified with an adjective
The people in the
restaurant like rice.
Subject modified with an adjective
The people like boiled
rice.
Object modified with an adjective
The people like hot,
white rice.
Object modified with more than one adjective
Note: Only transitive action verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.

5. 5
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-Adj pattern.
He is fine. Basic sentence with “be” verb
He seems happy. Basic sentence with another linking verb
Jordan is tall, dark and handsome. Series of adjectives
He appears very comfortable. Adverb or intensifier added
George became sick last night. Different tense and linking verb
Note: Only linking verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-Adv pattern:
The teacher is here. Basic sentence
The teacher is over there. Using an adverb phrase
Teachers are everywhere. Plural noun and verb used
The teachers are in the lobby. Prepositional phrase functioning as adverb
Note: Only linking verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.

6. 6
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-N pattern.
The man is a doctor. Basic sentence
The women are doctors. Using plural noun and verb
My father is a nice guy. Modified subject and complement
My grandparents are senior
citizens.
Modified plural subject and complement
Note: Only linking verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. 7
Five basic sentence structures
There are five basic sentence structures in the English language.
1. Subject-Verb
Examples:
 The boyplays.
 Jack eats.
 Sara sits.
2. Subject-Verb-Object
Examples:
 The girl pets the cat.
 I love apples.
 Bill kicks the ball.
3. Subject-Verb-Adjective
Examples:
 Lisa is pretty.
 They are nice.
 I am sad.
4. Subject-Verb-Adverb
Examples:
 Maria laughs loudly.
 The dogjumps high.
 Apples are everywhere.


8. 8
5. Subject-Verb-Noun
Examples:
 I am the teacher.
 Jon is a carpenter.
 The boyis a student.
Expanding Sentences
The examples above are basic sentences. Basic sentences can be expanded, or
lengthened, by adding adjectives, adverbs and objects.
1. Subject-Verb
 Jack eats.
This is the basic subject-verb pattern.
 Jack quickly eats.
An adverb is added (quickly) to tell how Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats carrots.
An object is added (carrots) to tell what Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats carrots at home.
Another adverb is added (at home) to tell where Jack eats.
 Jack quickly eats fresh carrots at home.
An adjective is added (fresh) to tell what kind of carrots Jack eats.

9. 9
2. Subject-Verb-Object
 Bill kicks the ball.
This is a basic subject-verb-object pattern.
 Bill kicks the red ball.
An adjective is added (red) to tell the color of the ball.
 Bill kicks the red ball hard.
An adverb is added (hard) to tell how Bill kicks the ball.
 Bill kicks the red ball hard every day.
Another adverb is added (every day) to tell when Bill kicks the ball.
3. Subject-Verb-Adjective
 She looks pretty.
This is the basic subject-verb-adjective pattern.
 She looks pretty tonight.
An adverb is added (tonight) to tell when she looks pretty.
 Lisa looks pretty tonight.
The subject is identified with a name (Lisa).
4. Subject-Verb-Adverb
 Apples are everywhere.
This is the basic subject-verb-adverb pattern.
 Green apples are everywhere.
An adjective is added (green) to describe the apples.
 Ripe, green apples are everywhere.
A series of adjectives are added (ripe and green) to describe the apples.

10. 10
5. Subject-Verb-Noun
 The boyis a student.
This is the basic subject-verb-noun sentence pattern.
 Jon is a student.
The subject is identified with a name (Jon).
 Jon is a smart student.
An adjective is added (smart) to tell what kind of student Jon is.
 Jon is a smart student at school.
An adverb is added (at school) to tell where Jon is a smart student.

11. 11
References
1 - http://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/sentence%20structure
2 - http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/basic_sentence.html
3 - http://www.really-learn-english.com/sentence-structure.html