In critical moments where every second counts, the knowledge and skills to perform Adult Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) can make the difference between life and irreversible damage. This comprehensive presentation, titled "Adult CPR Techniques: A Comprehensive Guide (BLS-ACLS-Post CPR)," available on SlideShare, delves into the intricacies of adult CPR, offering a well-rounded overview of Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS), and the crucial post-CPR procedures. The presentation is meticulously designed to cater to healthcare professionals, first responders, and individuals seeking a comprehensive understanding of adult CPR techniques. Starting with the fundamental principles of BLS, the slides explore step-by-step instructions for delivering effective chest compressions and rescue breaths. The integration of up-to-date guidelines ensures that viewers are equipped with the most accurate and evidence-based practices. Transitioning into the realm of ACLS, the presentation delves into the advanced interventions necessary for managing cardiac arrest situations. Topics such as defibrillation, drug administration, and airway management are covered in depth, empowering viewers to make informed decisions and take appropriate actions during critical moments. Furthermore, the post-CPR segment of the presentation highlights the essential steps to follow once successful resuscitation has occurred. From monitoring vital signs to providing appropriate care, this section addresses the critical period following CPR and emphasizes the significance of ongoing support and medical attention. The presentation employs a blend of engaging visuals, explanatory diagrams, and succinct textual content to facilitate a holistic learning experience. Whether you're a medical professional aiming to refresh your skills, a student delving into life-saving techniques, or an individual concerned with being prepared for emergencies, this slide deck offers an invaluable resource for acquiring and reinforcing essential knowledge. In summary, "Adult CPR Techniques: A Comprehensive Guide (BLS-ACLS-Post CPR)" is a comprehensive SlideShare presentation that meticulously covers the entire spectrum of adult CPR, ranging from Basic Life Support and Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support techniques to vital post-CPR considerations. By exploring this presentation, you'll be better equipped to respond effectively to cardiac emergencies and contribute to saving lives within your community.

1. CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION
(BLS, ACLS)
Dr. Saeid Safari
MD, Specialist Anaesthetist,
Assistant Professor of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,

2. • Learning Objectives
• Cardiac Arrest Recognition
• Activating the Emergency Response
System
• Chest Compressions
• Airway Management
• Automated External Defibrillators
(AED)
• Adult BLS Algorithm
• Pediatric BLS Algorithm
• Team Dynamics and High-Quality CPR
• Minimizing Interruptions
• Special Considerations
• Self-Care and Mental Health Support
• Practice and Skills Demonstration
• Common Challenges and
Troubleshooting
• Conclusion
Outline

3. Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) for
Healthcare Providers
• BLS skills
• Basic ECG rhythm interpretation
• Airway management
• Vascular access
• Pharmacology of the drugs commonly used in adult resuscitation

5. Learn CPR. Save a Life.
Learn to "Be the Beat" and perform
Hands-Only CPR if they see a teen or
adult suddenly collapse. If you are called
on to perform CPR in an emergency, you
will most likely be trying to save the life
of someone you love: a child, a spouse, a
parent, or a friend.
Don’t Drop the Beat
The American Heart Association has
teamed up with the Elevance Health
Foundation to teach Americans how to
perform Hands-Only CPR. All songs in
our 'Don't Drop the Beat'
playlist and Elevance Health Foundation
Station are between 100 - 120 beats per
minute, the same rate at which you
should perform compressions when
administering CPR.

7. Heroes Saving Hearts with CPR
• You can turn your hands into wings of life.

8. MEN ARE MORE LIKELY THAN WOMEN TO RECEIVE
CPR IN PUBLIC
• The team evaluated 19,331 cardiac events using data from the
Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium, which studies out-of-hospital
treatments of cardiac arrest and trauma in the United States and Canada.
• They found that 45 percent of men received bystander CPR in public,
compared to 39 percent of women, and that men’s odds of survival were
23 percent higher than those of women

10. These Highlights summarize the key
issues and changes in the 2020 American
Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and
Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC).
“Guidelines Highlights”

17. Figure 1. Applying Class of Recommendation and Level of Evidence to Clinical
Strategies, Interventions, Treatments, or Diagnostic Testing in Patient Care (Updated
May 2019)*

18. Adult Basic and Advanced Life Support

19. 2020- AHA Chains of Survival for adult IHCA
and OHCA.

20. Adult Cardiac
Arrest Algorithm

21. CPR Steps: Definitions
Progressive Vital Organ Detoriation
P reCP R
Cardiac Arrest
CPR
Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)
Po st CPR
Vital Organ Function Stability

22. Pre CPR

23. PreCPR: Rationale
• Preventing cardiac arrest, most effective compared to CPR or
PostCPR, in pts’ survival and post discharge condition.
• Preventing cardiac arrest, least costly compared to CPR or
PostCPR , in pts’ survival and post discharge condition.
• Cardiopulmonary arrest is frequently preceded by PreCPR
mismanagement, therefore is preventable.

24. Pre-CPR Goal:
To Prevent Cardiac Arrest!

26. Adult BLS Algorithm
for Healthcare
Providers.
AED indicates automated external
defibrillator; ALS, advanced life
support; BLS, basic life support;
and CPR, cardiopulmonary
resuscitation.

27. Chain of Survival

28. Simplified BLS
Algorithm

29. Assessment & ERS Activation
1. Establish Unresponsiveness
Sudden Loss of Consciousness + Abn. Respiration
vs
Tap, Shake, Shout
2. Call for Help
2010 Step by step activation of ERS consequentially
2015 Simultaneous assessment of responsiveness, pulse, & breathing
before & while activating ERS

32. 5 – 6 cm
Chest Compression Depth
2020
Push Hard !
Class I, LOE C-LD

33. 100 – 120
Chest Compression Rate
2020
Push Fast !

34. Fully Recoil !
do not leaning on chest

35. Respiratory Rate (No advanced airway)
Avoid Hyperventilation !
30 : 2

36. CPR (BLS)
Essential Actions:
• Chest Wall Compression

38. LUCAS - Chest Compression System

39. LUCAS - Chest Compression System

40. 10
Respiratory Rate
(Advanced Airway)
2020
Avoid Hyperventilation !

41. Head-tilt/Chin-lift Maneuver

42. Head-tilt/Chin-lift Maneuver

45. Team-Based Resuscitation

46. BLS Dos and Don’ts of
Adult High-Quality CPR

47. High-Quality CPR Saves Lives
• Minimize Interruptions: Chest compression fraction (CCF) >80%
• Chest Compression rate of 100-120/min
• Compression depth of at least 50 mm (2 inches) in adults and at least
1/3 the AP dimension of the chest in infants and children
• Avoid Excessive Ventilation:
• Rate <12 Breaths per Minute,
• Minimal Chest Rise
• Full Chest Recoil: No Residual Leaning

48. High Quality CPR Components for BLS

49. High Quality CPR Components for BLS

54. CPR (BLS): CPR & AED
Essential Actions:
• Chest Wall Compression
• Early Defibrillation

55. Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS)

56. Causes and Mechanisms
• There are many different types of arrhythmias, but the ones most
frequently recorded in sudden cardiac arrest are ventricular
tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.
• Less common causes of dysrhythmias in cardiac arrest include
pulseless electrical activity (PEA), bradyarrhythmias, or asystole

57. • Tablets or toxins,
• Tamponade
• Tension pneumothorax
• Thrombosis – A heart attack
• Thromboembolism
• Traumatic cardiac arrest
• Hypovolemia
• Hypoxia
• Hydrogen ions (acidosis)
• Hyperkalemia or hypokalemia
• Hypothermia
• Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Reversible causes
H T

59. Adult Cardiac Arrest
Algorithm.
CPR indicates cardiopulmonary
resuscitation; ET, endotracheal; IO,
intraosseous; IV, intravenous; PEA,
pulseless electrical activity; pVT,
pulseless ventricular tachycardia;
and VF, ventricular fibrillation.

60. Adult Cardiac Arrest Circular Algorithm.

61. Termination of Resuscitation Rule
Adult basic life support termination of
resuscitation rule.
Adult advanced life support
termination of resuscitation rule.

62. Schematic representation of ALS
recommendations for use of
advanced airways during CPR.

63. Adult Bradycardia Algorithm

64. Adult Tachycardia With a Pulse Algorithm

65. Adult
Post–Cardiac
Arrest Care
Algorithm.

66. Opioid-Associated Emergency for Lay
Responders Algorithm.

67. Opioid-Associated Emergency for
Healthcare Providers Algorithm.

68. Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy In-Hospital
ACLS Algorithm.