The document outlines a course on the fundamentals of electrical circuits at Sri Venkateswara Institute of Science and Technology, focusing on various electrical and magnetic circuit concepts. Key topics include characteristics of circuit elements, AC circuits, network theorems, and source transformations. Students will learn essential concepts such as Kirchhoff’s laws and the distinction between active and passive components.

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S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY: KADAPA
FUNDAMENTALS OF
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
20A02101T
I B.Tech-I Sem ECE
Prepared by :
S GURUPRASAD
Asso. Professor, EEE

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Course Objectives:
• To make the student learn about
• Basic characteristics of R, L, C parameters, their Voltage and
Current Relations and Various combinations of these
parameters.
• The Single Phase AC circuits and concepts of real power,
reactive power, complex power, phase angle and phase
difference
• Series and parallel resonances, bandwidth, current locus
diagrams
• Network theorems and their applications
• Network Topology and concepts like Tree, Cut-set , Tie-set,
Loop, Co-Tree
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Unit- 1 : Introduction to Electrical & Magnetic
Circuits
• Electrical Circuits: Circuit Concept - Types of elements
- Source Transformation
- Voltage - Current Relationship for Passive Elements
- Kirchhoff’s Laws
- Network Reduction Techniques- Series, Parallel, Series Parallel
- Star-to-Delta or Delta-to-Star Transformation
- Examples
• Magnetic Circuits: Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
- Concept of Self and Mutual Inductance
- Dot Convention
- Coefficient of Coupling
- Composite Magnetic Circuit
- Analysis of Series and Parallel Magnetic Circuits
- MMF Calculations.
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this unit, the student will be able to
• To know about Kirchhoff’s Laws in solving series, parallel, non-
series-parallel configurations in DC networks
• To know about voltage source to current source and vice-
versa transformation in their representation
• To understand Faraday’s laws
• To distinguish analogy between electric and magnetic circuits
• To understand analysis of series and parallel magnetic
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Electric Circuit
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Equivalent circuit
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Magnetic Circuit
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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An Electric and Magnetic circuit
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Types of Elements
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Active and Passive
An active component is an electronic component which supplies energy to a circuit.
• Common examples of active components include:
• Voltage sources
• Current sources
• Generators (such as alternators and DC generators)
• All different types of transistors (such as bipolar junction transistors, MOSFETS,
FETs, and JFET)
• Diodes (such as Zener diodes, photodiodes, Schottky diodes, and LEDs)
A passive component is an electronic component which can only receive energy,
which it can either dissipate, absorb or store it in an electric field or a magnetic
field. Passive elements do not need any form of electrical power to operate.
Common examples of passive components include:
• Resistors
• Inductors
• Capacitors
• Transformers
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

12. 12
08/16/2024
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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Active and Passive
An active component is an electronic component which supplies energy to a circuit.
• Common examples of active components include:
• Voltage sources
• Current sources
• Generators (such as alternators and DC generators)
• All different types of transistors (such as bipolar junction transistors, MOSFETS,
FETs, and JFET)
• Diodes (such as Zener diodes, photodiodes, Schottky diodes, and LEDs)
A passive component is an electronic component which can only receive energy,
which it can either dissipate, absorb or store it in an electric field or a magnetic
field. Passive elements do not need any form of electrical power to operate.
Common examples of passive components include:
• Resistors
• Inductors
• Capacitors
• Transformers
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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• An electrical source transformation (or just ”source
transformation”) is a method for simplifying circuits
by replacing a voltage source with its equivalent
current source, or a current source with its
equivalent voltage source. Source transformations
are implemented using Thevenin’s theorem and
Norton’s Theorem.
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Source Transformation- Voltage - Current

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Source Transformation
S.GURUPRASAD
SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY