This document discusses the evolution of strategic studies from a traditional military focus to a broader conception of security. It defines strategy as how goals are achieved under uncertain conditions. Traditional strategy referred to military operations, but after World Wars I and II, security grew to encompass all state resources and interests. The Cold War saw proxy wars and an arms race as core powers pursued security. 9/11 created new threats like terrorism that require non-military strategies. Strategic studies now considers a broader range of factors, including human nature, international anarchy, and ethics, compared to realism's narrow focus on conflict and force.

1. Basic Class of Strategic
Studies

2. Definition of Strategy
Strategy describes how the ends will be achieved by the means.
Strategy is a high-level plan to achieve one or more goals under
conditions of uncertainty.
In order to obtain our goals, we need to follow different strategies.
Strategic Study analyzes and describes the strategies in the
contemporary world and compares them with the previous
historical others.

3. Traditional Strategy or Narrow Strategy
Military Strategy of a state
Traditional Strategy refers to the art of planning and
directing overall military operations and movements
during war or peace-time.
Realist approach
The states survive, protect themselves and gain their
self-interests through this strategy.

4. Evolution of Strategy
 The Aftermath of WW1:
WW1 was the incident made the nation states realized about the
importance of strategy.
Many liberal states develop a collective security system to stop
any other world war .It was an attempt to make the states free
from military-centrism.
But the collective security system was collapsed as a strategy after
1935.As its’ strategy was to avoid another war at any how. And the
result was appeasement policy and WW2.

5.  The Aftermath of WW2:
Actually, WW2 was the mother of ‘Realism’
According to realism, world is based on an anarchical system of
having no permanent governance. So, every state in the
international society have to face constant threat and that’s
way states need a military strategy.
This military strategy increased the armament race of world
states.
Security of a state is based on its’ military strategy.
Realists believe that states exist in a war-like situation but
states can not be defeated anyway.
Military strategy is the core of all political and economic power.

6.  The Aftermath of Cold War:
The idea of security got changed .
Security is a broad term covers gaining all self-interests using
all types of resources of a state. Traditional strategy is only a
part of security issues.
Two oppositions of Cold War engaged in proxy wars and
supplying weaponry equipment to third world and second
world states.
Nuclear armament race and weapon industries became the
core of economic and political power and importance of the
superpowers.
Hollywood was one of the major strategies of USA in order to
win the war. A new type of strategy came in front of the world
to obtain security.

7.  The Aftermath of 9/11 Attack:
New types of conflicts and threats were emerged such as
intra-state and ethnic conflicts , terrorism.
So, the liberalists criticize only narrow strategy is not
enough to ensure security of a state.

8. Strategic Studies and Classical Realists
Tradition:
Human Nature
Anarchical Power
International Law , Morality, and Institutions

9. Criticism of Security Studies:
Obsessed with conflict and force.
Not an academic discipline or not scholarly in their approach
Insufficiently concerned with ethical issues
Part of the problem, not the solution
Liable to adopt a narrow approach.

10. THANK YOU!!!!