Exercise benefits cognitive function in several ways. It improves blood flow to the brain, bringing more oxygen and nutrients while clearing out metabolic waste. Regular exercise prevents neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by reducing vascular risk factors. It also promotes healthy aging by slowing cognitive decline. Exercise reduces stress levels and improves mood through increased growth factors in the brain. It fosters neuroplasticity, allowing the brain to grow new connections and neurons. Both cardiovascular and resistance training are beneficial, though combining the two provides the strongest effects. Moderate exercise of at least 30 minutes performed several times a week can help optimize cognitive health.
The brain __exercise_connection_-_power_point_presentation finalCMoondog
Exercise has numerous benefits for mood and brain function. It increases neurotransmitters like endorphins and serotonin which improve mood and reduce stress and depression. Regular exercise also increases blood flow to the brain, boosts concentration, and stimulates growth of neurons and neural connections. Studies show those who exercise regularly have lower risks of cognitive decline and dementia as they age.
An update on the current research that supports the need for physical education in our schools and the importance of regular exercise in our lives. What’s good for the body IS good for the brain! Participate in brain energizers you can share with classroom teachers to keep kids engaged in the classroom.
Exercise has significant benefits for both physical and mental health. It increases levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin that are linked to reducing depression and improving nerve cell connections in the brain. A lack of exercise contributes to issues like overweightness and depression, which account for high healthcare costs. Several studies have found that exercise is more effective than antidepressants in treating depression and improves learning, brain cell development, and reduces stress hormones. Voluntary exercise produces more benefits than forced exercise. Aerobic exercise combined with skills training is recommended for conditions like ADHD.
Exercise increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which encourages neurogenesis and strengthens synaptic connections in the brain. This improves cognitive functions like learning, focus, and memory formation. Studies show exercise may be as effective as antidepressants in treating depression and other mood disorders by optimizing neurotransmitter and neurohormone levels. Regular physical activity engages the entire brain and is crucial for its health and development across the lifespan.
This document summarizes an in-service presentation on brain-based learning given to elementary school teachers. It covers why focusing on the brain is important, provides an overview of basic brain anatomy and functions of areas like the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus and frontal lobes. It discusses how stress and distress affect learning and memory, the importance of attachment, and strategies to promote brain-based teaching and learning based on neuroscience principles. The presentation aims to help teachers better understand the biology of learning and identify practices that support or hinder students' brain development.
Book Review: Spark the Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the BrainPatrick Moran
This book review summarizes the book "Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain". It discusses how exercise physically remodels the brain for improved performance, and how the book illustrates that exercise is the best defense against various mental and physical ailments. The review provides background on the authors and explains that the book aims to help readers understand how physical activity improves brain function in order to motivate exercise's inclusion in their lives.
1) Exercise increases levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine that are important for brain function.
2) Physical activity promotes neurogenesis, the growth of new brain cells, by elevating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which strengthens synaptic connections in the brain.
3) Regular exercise improves cognitive performance and mental health by optimizing brain chemistry and enhancing plasticity.
This document summarizes 8 steps to wellness presented by Dr. John Friedrichs. The 8 steps are: nutrition, exercise, adequate sleep, stress management, spiritual health, massage therapy, positive affirmations, and nervous system health. Maintaining health requires utilizing natural methods to promote optimal body function rather than just treating disease. Chiropractic care can help the nervous system function properly by correcting vertebral subluxations.
The brain __exercise_connection_-_power_point_presentation finalCMoondog
Exercise has numerous benefits for mood and brain function. It increases neurotransmitters like endorphins and serotonin which improve mood and reduce stress and depression. Regular exercise also increases blood flow to the brain, boosts concentration, and stimulates growth of neurons and neural connections. Studies show those who exercise regularly have lower risks of cognitive decline and dementia as they age.
An update on the current research that supports the need for physical education in our schools and the importance of regular exercise in our lives. What’s good for the body IS good for the brain! Participate in brain energizers you can share with classroom teachers to keep kids engaged in the classroom.
Exercise has significant benefits for both physical and mental health. It increases levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin that are linked to reducing depression and improving nerve cell connections in the brain. A lack of exercise contributes to issues like overweightness and depression, which account for high healthcare costs. Several studies have found that exercise is more effective than antidepressants in treating depression and improves learning, brain cell development, and reduces stress hormones. Voluntary exercise produces more benefits than forced exercise. Aerobic exercise combined with skills training is recommended for conditions like ADHD.
Exercise increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which encourages neurogenesis and strengthens synaptic connections in the brain. This improves cognitive functions like learning, focus, and memory formation. Studies show exercise may be as effective as antidepressants in treating depression and other mood disorders by optimizing neurotransmitter and neurohormone levels. Regular physical activity engages the entire brain and is crucial for its health and development across the lifespan.
This document summarizes an in-service presentation on brain-based learning given to elementary school teachers. It covers why focusing on the brain is important, provides an overview of basic brain anatomy and functions of areas like the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus and frontal lobes. It discusses how stress and distress affect learning and memory, the importance of attachment, and strategies to promote brain-based teaching and learning based on neuroscience principles. The presentation aims to help teachers better understand the biology of learning and identify practices that support or hinder students' brain development.
Book Review: Spark the Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the BrainPatrick Moran
This book review summarizes the book "Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain". It discusses how exercise physically remodels the brain for improved performance, and how the book illustrates that exercise is the best defense against various mental and physical ailments. The review provides background on the authors and explains that the book aims to help readers understand how physical activity improves brain function in order to motivate exercise's inclusion in their lives.
1) Exercise increases levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine that are important for brain function.
2) Physical activity promotes neurogenesis, the growth of new brain cells, by elevating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which strengthens synaptic connections in the brain.
3) Regular exercise improves cognitive performance and mental health by optimizing brain chemistry and enhancing plasticity.
This document summarizes 8 steps to wellness presented by Dr. John Friedrichs. The 8 steps are: nutrition, exercise, adequate sleep, stress management, spiritual health, massage therapy, positive affirmations, and nervous system health. Maintaining health requires utilizing natural methods to promote optimal body function rather than just treating disease. Chiropractic care can help the nervous system function properly by correcting vertebral subluxations.
Regular physical exercise is associated with cognitive benefits for adults:
1) Aerobic exercise improves attention, processing speed, executive function, and memory in adults. Longer exercise periods are linked to greater gains in attention and processing speed.
2) Moderate aerobic training for 8 weeks significantly improved cognitive processing speed over 100% in young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities.
3) Higher levels of physical activity are associated with larger hippocampal volume, an important brain region for memory and spatial representation, in healthy middle-aged adults.
The document discusses how exercise affects well-being. It finds that exercise improves both physical and mental health in many ways. A survey of over 135 people found that most exercise 2-3 times per week and feel better mentally and physically after exercising. The majority agree that exercise is important to their well-being and happiness.
Lessons you can learn from fitness classesKwchangJamatia
This document contains terms and conditions for a course on fitness and health. It discusses how the publisher has tried to be accurate but does not guarantee accuracy due to the changing nature of information. It states that the book is not intended for legal, business, or financial advice and encourages printing it for easy reading. The document also includes a table of contents that lists 10 chapters discussing topics like the biochemistry of fitness and health, different exercise styles, and case studies.
The article discusses the brain-changing benefits of exercise. It states that exercise decreases feelings of anxiety by increasing chemicals that reduce anxiety. It also promotes the growth of new brain cells by preventing stress hormones from killing new cells. Additionally, exercise improves focus and concentration by creating chemicals that help people focus better and for longer periods. Regular exercise also protects the brain from aging and neurodegenerative diseases by producing chemicals that protect brain cells from dying.
This document discusses mental fitness and how training the mind can have long-lasting benefits for both mental and physical health. It describes research by Dr. Richard Davidson showing how meditating can alter brain activity and shift it towards more positive emotions. Dr. Candace Pert's research found that thoughts and feelings produce neuropeptides that affect physiology. Exercising and maintaining social connections are recommended for improving mental fitness. Meditation, yoga, puzzles and physical exercise can all help train the mind.
Happiness, joy and peace are linked to exercise. The body is the connection between the mind and the soul. It is of paramount importance that we take care of our bodies. The more we exercise the easier it is for us to realize the purposes in our soul for which we were placed on this earth.
This document provides an overview of exercise and its benefits. It discusses that approximately 80% of Americans do not meet physical activity recommendations. Exercise is defined as planned physical activity to improve fitness. Daily activities alone are not enough. The benefits of exercise include improvements to the cardiovascular, oxidative capacity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, bone density, and depression. Cardiovascular exercise improves heart health while resistance training builds muscle. The document provides exercise recommendations and discusses the importance of warmups, cooldowns, and mental conditioning to maximize the benefits of exercise.
Cognitive Benefits of Exercise for Children and TeensMark Dreher PhD
The brain evolves during our childhood years as it continues to develop and is affected by lifestyle habits such as physical activity, cognitive activity, nutrition and sleep.
Although there is growing scientific evidence that exercise is associated with improved cognitive function, academic performance, and overall health in children, the limited amount of time generally dedicated to physical activity during the school day continues to decline in many schools.
The activity requirements for healthy brain and cognitive function are really relatively modest. For children, moderate aerobic activity of about 60 minutes a day can make a big difference, especially in children that are currently low-performers. There is work to be done in the United States and other countries to meet these activity goals as only about 30% of high school students achieve them.
This presentation provides a current summary of the human research on aerobic exercise and cognitive function in children and teens.
Mark Dreher PhD
The document discusses mental fitness and its importance. It summarizes research from several scientists and doctors such as Dr. Richard Davidson, Dr. Candace Pert, and Dr. Elmer Green. Their research showed that the mind can affect the body, positive emotions can shift brain activation to the left side, and meditation/imagery can control physiological functions. Exercising and challenging the mind through activities, social interaction, meditation, and a healthy lifestyle can promote mental fitness and prevent cognitive decline.
Learnings from sleep: Firstbeat big data – Tero Myllymaki, Physiology Researc...Firstbeat Technologies
“If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process has ever made." The importance of sleep for recovery is starting to be appreciated and research into the area is only increasing. But what do we really know about how to get ‘good sleep’? And how do sleeping patterns differ from country to country? Tero Myllymaki presented findings from the Firstbeat database showcasing the different sleep trends in the UK, Finland and Hungary whilst highlighting the importance of finding “what works for you” to help reduce stress and boost the chance overnight recovery.
Keeping fit through physical activity is important for health. There are many types of exercises that can help you stay fit, and understanding common fitness terms can aid in creating an effective routine. Some key terms defined in the document include aerobic exercise, which raises your heart rate; basal metabolic rate, the minimum energy needed for basic body functions; and body mass index, a measure of body fat calculated from height and weight. Flexibility, resistance, and cardiovascular training are all discussed as important components of a well-rounded fitness routine.
.Participants will be able to Better Define the Brain Development Benefits of Playgrounds in Child Development
2.Participants will be able to Better Analyzing playground Structures based on Brain Development.
3.Learn How to Design Play Environments Based on the Knowledge as to How Playgrounds Effect Brain Development.
Activities to be Conducted:
Interactive learning occurs as participants discuss newest research on the brain value of playgrounds.
The document discusses top exercises for brain health. It recommends using different senses in new ways to stimulate the brain, such as brushing teeth with the non-dominant hand, changing daily routines, visiting new places, trying new hobbies, learning a new language or skill, and cooking with new ingredients. The brain benefits from novelty and experiences that invoke different senses rather than repetitive activities. Staying active both physically and mentally can help reduce risks of Alzheimer's and dementia as focus on brain health increases.
This document discusses the psychological benefits of exercise. It outlines several common benefits such as improved mood, reduced stress, increased self-esteem, and improved body image. It also examines specific psychological variables like depression, anxiety, stress, and mood states. The literature shows that both aerobic and anaerobic exercise can positively impact these mental health factors. Overall, the document advocates that personal trainers promote both the physical and psychological advantages of exercise to their clients.
Prolong the possible onset of Dimentia or Alzheimer's by stimulating your brain with exercises and rote activities. Change up your routine so it's not a routine!
This document summarizes a presentation on applied mind, brain, health and education sciences. It discusses two brain training initiatives - Cogniprep for brain training and SCOPES for brain coaching. It then covers demonstrations and opportunities for participation, as well as research projects. The presentation addresses topics like cognitive training versus curriculum, neuroplasticity, self-efficacy, different types of brain training through life experiences, and issues in brain training research.
Regular physical exercise is associated with cognitive benefits for adults:
1) Aerobic exercise improves attention, processing speed, executive function, and memory in adults. Longer exercise periods are linked to greater gains in attention and processing speed.
2) Moderate aerobic training for 8 weeks significantly improved cognitive processing speed over 100% in young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities.
3) Higher levels of physical activity are associated with larger hippocampal volume, an important brain region for memory and spatial representation, in healthy middle-aged adults.
The document discusses how exercise affects well-being. It finds that exercise improves both physical and mental health in many ways. A survey of over 135 people found that most exercise 2-3 times per week and feel better mentally and physically after exercising. The majority agree that exercise is important to their well-being and happiness.
Lessons you can learn from fitness classesKwchangJamatia
This document contains terms and conditions for a course on fitness and health. It discusses how the publisher has tried to be accurate but does not guarantee accuracy due to the changing nature of information. It states that the book is not intended for legal, business, or financial advice and encourages printing it for easy reading. The document also includes a table of contents that lists 10 chapters discussing topics like the biochemistry of fitness and health, different exercise styles, and case studies.
The article discusses the brain-changing benefits of exercise. It states that exercise decreases feelings of anxiety by increasing chemicals that reduce anxiety. It also promotes the growth of new brain cells by preventing stress hormones from killing new cells. Additionally, exercise improves focus and concentration by creating chemicals that help people focus better and for longer periods. Regular exercise also protects the brain from aging and neurodegenerative diseases by producing chemicals that protect brain cells from dying.
This document discusses mental fitness and how training the mind can have long-lasting benefits for both mental and physical health. It describes research by Dr. Richard Davidson showing how meditating can alter brain activity and shift it towards more positive emotions. Dr. Candace Pert's research found that thoughts and feelings produce neuropeptides that affect physiology. Exercising and maintaining social connections are recommended for improving mental fitness. Meditation, yoga, puzzles and physical exercise can all help train the mind.
Happiness, joy and peace are linked to exercise. The body is the connection between the mind and the soul. It is of paramount importance that we take care of our bodies. The more we exercise the easier it is for us to realize the purposes in our soul for which we were placed on this earth.
This document provides an overview of exercise and its benefits. It discusses that approximately 80% of Americans do not meet physical activity recommendations. Exercise is defined as planned physical activity to improve fitness. Daily activities alone are not enough. The benefits of exercise include improvements to the cardiovascular, oxidative capacity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, bone density, and depression. Cardiovascular exercise improves heart health while resistance training builds muscle. The document provides exercise recommendations and discusses the importance of warmups, cooldowns, and mental conditioning to maximize the benefits of exercise.
Cognitive Benefits of Exercise for Children and TeensMark Dreher PhD
The brain evolves during our childhood years as it continues to develop and is affected by lifestyle habits such as physical activity, cognitive activity, nutrition and sleep.
Although there is growing scientific evidence that exercise is associated with improved cognitive function, academic performance, and overall health in children, the limited amount of time generally dedicated to physical activity during the school day continues to decline in many schools.
The activity requirements for healthy brain and cognitive function are really relatively modest. For children, moderate aerobic activity of about 60 minutes a day can make a big difference, especially in children that are currently low-performers. There is work to be done in the United States and other countries to meet these activity goals as only about 30% of high school students achieve them.
This presentation provides a current summary of the human research on aerobic exercise and cognitive function in children and teens.
Mark Dreher PhD
The document discusses mental fitness and its importance. It summarizes research from several scientists and doctors such as Dr. Richard Davidson, Dr. Candace Pert, and Dr. Elmer Green. Their research showed that the mind can affect the body, positive emotions can shift brain activation to the left side, and meditation/imagery can control physiological functions. Exercising and challenging the mind through activities, social interaction, meditation, and a healthy lifestyle can promote mental fitness and prevent cognitive decline.
Learnings from sleep: Firstbeat big data – Tero Myllymaki, Physiology Researc...Firstbeat Technologies
“If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process has ever made." The importance of sleep for recovery is starting to be appreciated and research into the area is only increasing. But what do we really know about how to get ‘good sleep’? And how do sleeping patterns differ from country to country? Tero Myllymaki presented findings from the Firstbeat database showcasing the different sleep trends in the UK, Finland and Hungary whilst highlighting the importance of finding “what works for you” to help reduce stress and boost the chance overnight recovery.
Keeping fit through physical activity is important for health. There are many types of exercises that can help you stay fit, and understanding common fitness terms can aid in creating an effective routine. Some key terms defined in the document include aerobic exercise, which raises your heart rate; basal metabolic rate, the minimum energy needed for basic body functions; and body mass index, a measure of body fat calculated from height and weight. Flexibility, resistance, and cardiovascular training are all discussed as important components of a well-rounded fitness routine.
.Participants will be able to Better Define the Brain Development Benefits of Playgrounds in Child Development
2.Participants will be able to Better Analyzing playground Structures based on Brain Development.
3.Learn How to Design Play Environments Based on the Knowledge as to How Playgrounds Effect Brain Development.
Activities to be Conducted:
Interactive learning occurs as participants discuss newest research on the brain value of playgrounds.
The document discusses top exercises for brain health. It recommends using different senses in new ways to stimulate the brain, such as brushing teeth with the non-dominant hand, changing daily routines, visiting new places, trying new hobbies, learning a new language or skill, and cooking with new ingredients. The brain benefits from novelty and experiences that invoke different senses rather than repetitive activities. Staying active both physically and mentally can help reduce risks of Alzheimer's and dementia as focus on brain health increases.
This document discusses the psychological benefits of exercise. It outlines several common benefits such as improved mood, reduced stress, increased self-esteem, and improved body image. It also examines specific psychological variables like depression, anxiety, stress, and mood states. The literature shows that both aerobic and anaerobic exercise can positively impact these mental health factors. Overall, the document advocates that personal trainers promote both the physical and psychological advantages of exercise to their clients.
Prolong the possible onset of Dimentia or Alzheimer's by stimulating your brain with exercises and rote activities. Change up your routine so it's not a routine!
This document summarizes a presentation on applied mind, brain, health and education sciences. It discusses two brain training initiatives - Cogniprep for brain training and SCOPES for brain coaching. It then covers demonstrations and opportunities for participation, as well as research projects. The presentation addresses topics like cognitive training versus curriculum, neuroplasticity, self-efficacy, different types of brain training through life experiences, and issues in brain training research.
Best methods to improve memory and concentration naturallyDr Nisha
A US study found that people who did 10 hours of memory and concentration training sessions improved their mental abilities equivalent to being 7-14 years younger. Some guidelines to improve memory and concentration include paying attention, getting proper sleep, playing brain games, meditating, eating nutritious foods, and using herbal treatments. The document then provides more details on each of these six methods for naturally improving memory and concentration.
The document discusses left and right brain dominance and provides descriptions of personality types associated with each. It then provides more details on each type:
1. Left-brain dominant types are described as dedicated, cold, and perfectionist. Right-brain dominant types like challenges and do not like pleasantries.
2. Left-brain types who are also left-handed are said to be full of consideration, traditional, and indirectly supportive of others. Right-handed right-brain types are described as leaders who care about people.
3. The document suggests knowing one's brain dominance can help integrate intuition and analysis in decision making. It argues intuition is useful when conditions are uncertain or have little precedent.
Dr. Haroon Rashid provides tips for improving concentration and study habits. He recommends establishing a consistent study space with minimal distractions. Students should make schedules detailing activities and study blocks, and post these schedules. Additional tips include beginning studying immediately, planning goals for each session, breaking large tasks into smaller ones, staying organized, limiting breaks for daydreaming, getting adequate sleep and exercise, and eating a healthy diet. Dr. Rashid also provides a link for learning the Rose technique to improve concentration through simple and cost-effective practice.
Presentation discussing the benefits of right brain selling versus left brain selling techniques. The presentation shares ideas on how to accomplish right brain selling and why it is important for sales success.
The document discusses two recent discoveries related to neurodegenerative diseases:
1) Researchers discovered that blocking the protein tyrosine kinase c-Abl prevents neuron death in Parkinson's disease by preserving the function of the parkin protein. This suggests inhibitors of c-Abl may slow Parkinson's progression.
2) A study identified the protein kinesin-2 as crucial for maintaining neuronal microtubule polarity and the ability to regenerate after injury. Understanding neuronal dynamics could enable therapies for regeneration in neurological conditions.
Neuroplasticity-based Implications, Opportunities, and Challenges, to Improve...CognitiveHealthTrack
Participation by panelist Joshua Steinerman, Einstein-Montefiore.
Description: Interactive media in the form of software and videogames can be seen as a vehicle to harness neuroplasticity and benefit cognitive health across the lifespan. This field is still in its infancy, but emerging evidence suggests that specific populations may benefit from specific interventions.
Three leading researchers, from Duke University, University of Rochester, and Albert Einstein-Montefiore, will discuss the opportunities and challenges they see to benefit younger and older minds in both healthy and clinical environments. Dr. D. Bavelier will review what is meant by neuroplasticity, how it is assessed, and what it implies for cognitive health. She will review the opportunities offered by using games as a medium to foster neuro-plasticity as well as the main challenges in developing games that fosters neuroplasticity. Dr. Joshua Steinerman will discuss practical and methodological issues in conducting technology trials in cognitive aging and related neuropsychiatric disorders. Examples from ongoing intervention studies will be presented. Dr. Doraiswamy will discuss the opportunities and obstacles for emerging technologies to be adopted by the healthcare community in the next few years.
The document discusses neuroplasticity therapy, which uses real-time brain activity monitoring and feedback to help patients learn to modify abnormal brain patterns and treat various mental disorders. It notes that 20% of people suffer from mental disorders, but less than 50% receive treatment, and mental disorders double unemployment risk. The therapy is being studied for disorders like ADHD, depression, anxiety, and more. Preliminary results from a study of 40 patients were positive.
A Call to Action: Improving brain & mental health via digital platforms,...SharpBrains
(Session held at the 2014 SharpBrains Virtual Summit; October 28-30th, 2014)
8:15–9:45am. A Call to Action: Improving brain & mental health via digital platforms, neuroplasticity research and the White House BRAIN initiative
- Dr. Thomas Insel, Director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Dr. Adam Gazzaley, Director of UCSF Neuroscience Imaging Center and Co-founder of Akili Interactive Labs
- Dr. Daphne Bavelier, Head of the Brain & Learning Lab at the University of Geneva & U. of Rochester
- Jack Young, Head of Qualcomm Life Fund
- Chair: Alvaro Fernandez, CEO of SharpBrains
Learn more here:
http://sharpbrains.com/summit-2014/agenda/
Brain training free lessons that can help improve your IQ. At RaiseYourIQ.com we are passionate about improving the intelligence levels of all people so these free brain training teasers are a great introduction for kids or adults to challenging your brain to be smarter and fitter.
This document provides information about Dr. Sarah Cassidy's research on SMART brain training. The document discusses:
1) What SMART training is and how it is based on enhancing relational skills, which research has shown underlie intelligence.
2) Background on definitions of intelligence and IQ, and factors that can increase IQ such as education, nutrition, and cognitive training.
3) Dr. Cassidy's research demonstrating that intensive training of relational skills through Multiple Exemplar Training can significantly increase IQ scores in children, in some cases by over 20 IQ points, and these increases persisted over 4 years.
Regeneration of Brain with new understanding gives us good ground to be optimistic in matters of research and also day to day clinics. This presentation at the most introduces you to the potential stride of the field.
Concentration is very important factor for success in life.
This presentation will give idea for the meaning of concentration, importance of it & how to concentrate.
Train The Brain Therapeutic Interventions for APD and other Brain DisordersLorraine Sgarlato
The document discusses neuroplasticity and auditory processing disorder (APD). It summarizes that neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to change and rewire itself based on experiences. Early studies found brain maps could change in response to damage or skill learning. APD refers to difficulties processing auditory information in less than optimal environments and may be associated with language or learning issues. Identification involves behavioral and electrophysiological tests, and risks include certain birth factors or brain injuries. Management may involve therapies to strengthen auditory processing skills.
AN APPROACH TO GERIATRIC CARE THROUGH THE GITANANDA TRADITION OF YOGA Yogacharya AB Bhavanani
Thanks to the recent advances in medical technology and better nutrition, people are living longer than ever
The aging process depends on a combination of both genetic and environmental factors.
A healthy lifestyle is an especially important factor in healthy aging and longevity.
Though the process of aging is irreversible and inevitable, the ability to learn and adjust is with us throughout our life.
Gitananda Yoga tradition promotes the adoption of a healthy diet, positive habits & regular exercise along with avoidance of negative habits thus helping ‘Silver Citizens’ retain their mental ability & prevent degenerative disorders.
So many of our great Yogis even in modern times have shown us that its is possible to grow old without losing any physical or mental faculties of youth.
This study compared the effects of yoga versus walking on mood, anxiety levels, and brain GABA levels. The yoga group reported greater improvements in mood and larger decreases in anxiety than the walking group. Thalamic GABA levels were positively correlated with improved mood and reduced anxiety, and the yoga group showed correlations between improved mood scales and increased GABA levels. The findings suggest yoga may be effective at increasing GABA and improving mental health outcomes compared to other physical activities like walking.
This document discusses how exercise benefits the brain. It begins by outlining the goals, which are to explain how exercise benefits general and neurological health, cognitive benefits, neuroplasticity, and how exercise impacts neuroplasticity. It then covers the geography of the brain, what neuroplasticity is, the physiology of exercise, and links between exercise and brain function, including increased blood flow, neuroplasticity, prevention of neurological diseases, promotion of healthy aging, and improved mood. Regular exercise is associated with better cognitive functioning and reduced risk of cognitive decline and diseases like dementia or Parkinson's.
This document discusses connections between movement, mood, and memory. It explores mood disorders like depression and Alzheimer's disease, and how exercise can positively impact both. Regular exercise is suggested to reduce risks of many chronic diseases, as well as depression and Alzheimer's. The benefits of exercise are explained from psychological, neurogenic, and neurochemical perspectives. Goals and strategies for starting an exercise routine are also outlined.
Regular exercise provides numerous health benefits. It improves skin health by increasing blood flow and nourishing skin cells. Exercise boosts mood by causing the release of endorphins which reduce pain and induce feelings of euphoria. The brain benefits from exercise through improved circulation, which delivers more oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products. Regular physical activity also aids memory, concentration, learning ability and reasoning skills. Exercise strengthens muscles and bones by placing mechanical stress that stimulates bone- and muscle-building cells.
Physical activity recommendation for 18–64-year-oldsUKK-instituutti
Physical activity for health – step by step
Weekly physical activity recommendation for 18–64-year-olds
Read more about the recommendation for working-age adults: https://ukkinstituutti.fi/en/products-services/physical-activity-recommendations/weekly-physical-activity-recommendation-for-18-64-year-olds/
This document discusses the benefits of exercise and fitness programs. It outlines that regular exercise strengthens the cardiovascular system, improves balance, reduces stress and anxiety by increasing happy chemicals in the brain, improves self-confidence, increases brainpower and memory, strengthens muscles and bones, reduces the risk of heart disease, and prevents obesity. A fitness program incorporates physical activities to target functional, skill-related, and health-related fitness goals.
Physical activity improves skeletal muscle and brain health by enhancing vascular function. Regular exercise increases capillary density and improves insulin sensitivity in the arteries supplying muscles and the brain. This enhances nutrient delivery and metabolic function. As a result, physical activity reduces vascular insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and improves cognition in the brain.
This document discusses exercise, rest, and sleep. It defines exercise as physical or mental activity to stay healthy or strong. Rest is defined as a state of relaxation and calmness, both mentally and physically. Sleep is defined as a state of altered consciousness with minimal physical activity and slowed body processes. The document outlines the importance of exercise, rest, and sleep. It discusses the physiology and stages of sleep, as well as factors affecting rest and sleep. Principles of promoting rest and sleep are provided.
Happiness and Brain Plasticity: Kaiser/VA-presentation0neW0rldT0gether
Innovative Patient Care, Presentation by Cindy Mason for American Stroke Association meeting held at Kaiser Permanente Hospital. Slide content summarizes latest brain studies and the clinical experience with remarkable reduction in recovery time and meds/suffering with Stanford bone marrow transplant/ critical care patients using psychophysiophilosophy. Psychophysiophilosophy is accessible and requires no pharmaceuticals and is considered by many to be a part of growing new area in future medicine regarding self help. Slides include instruction for self help and discussion of online instruction in Spanish, Portuguese, English, Thai and Bahasia Indonesia.
Exercise has significant benefits for chronic disease management and prevention. It can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, arthritis, osteoporosis, and depression. Regular physical activity also helps control weight, improves bone and muscle health, and reduces blood pressure. While aging leads to physiological declines, exercise can help offset some of the effects of aging and compress morbidity into fewer years of disability at the end of life.
This document discusses how meditative techniques can positively impact the mind, body, and emotions. It outlines 4 main meditative techniques and explains how practicing them over time can lead to living in the present moment. Research shows meditating changes the brain's structure and function, improves the immune system, reduces stress hormones, and may help treat psychosomatic diseases. Meditation is also associated with reduced risks of heart attack, stroke, and death by lowering blood pressure and decreasing anger. Overall, regular meditation can turn on the body's self-healing responses and maintain overall health and well-being.
This document discusses how meditative techniques can positively impact the mind, body, and emotions. It outlines 4 main meditative techniques and explains how practicing them over time can lead to living in the present moment. Research shows meditating changes the brain's structure and function, improves the immune system, reduces stress hormones, and may help treat psychosomatic diseases. Meditation is also associated with reduced risks of heart attack, stroke, and death by lowering blood pressure and decreasing anger. Overall, regular meditation can turn on the body's self-healing responses and maintain overall health and well-being.
Keeping your brain young while aging is now possible through exercise, mental fitness, eating right and establishing healthy habits. You can learn to reduce stress, get enough sleep and learn something new every day to preserve your vital brain functions.
Posting this on behalf of my Professor Dr. Vanajakshamma, Professor of Cardiology at SVIMS, Tirupati. This presentation tells us the role of yoga and meditation in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
OHSU NRS 232 - Week 5: Response to Stressors KyverHamilton
- The document discusses the physiological stress responses, including activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
- When stressed, the SNS causes effects like increased heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar to prepare the body for fight or flight. The HPA axis increases secretion of cortisol from the adrenal glands.
- Chronic stress can lead to long-term health issues due to prolonged activation of these stress responses and elevated cortisol levels over time. This includes increased risk of infection, impaired wound healing, abdominal obesity, and mood changes.
This document discusses the importance of nutrition and lifestyle factors in supporting school achievement and overall health and well-being. It defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence of disease. It notes that eating breakfast, choosing whole grains over refined grains, limiting caffeine and sugar, eating fruits and vegetables, staying hydrated, exercising regularly, and getting adequate rest are all important for physical and mental health as well as academic performance. Regular physical activity is highlighted as it reduces stress and improves mood, sleep quality, and disease risk.
The document discusses chiropractic care and its benefits. It notes that chiropractic care can benefit those without chronic pain conditions by helping restore and maintain balance in the body. Regular chiropractic adjustments can help injuries heal faster and reduce the likelihood of serious injuries. Vertebral subluxations, if left unaddressed, can cause pain and nervous system imbalances. Pursuing chiropractic care can improve overall health and reduce common ailments.
April 11, 2018
With growing neuroscientific research on sports concussions, states have revised their policies and statutes. Yet at present we have limited research on how these state sports concussion laws are working. This panel explored the intersection of neuroscience and law in the context of preventing, detecting, and treating youth sports concussions.
For more information, visit our website at: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/how-to-fix-youth-sports-concussion-laws
Meditative techniques can produce mental, emotional, and physical benefits. They work by changing consciousness, which alters the energy field and thereby changes the physical body. Specific techniques like mantra repetition and breath awareness can lift the mind from an ordinary to expanded state of awareness over time. Research shows meditation can positively impact brain structure, immune function, heart health, and disease management. It may reduce stress, anxiety, depression and blood pressure while improving focus, creativity and overall well-being.
A healthy lifestyle combines good nutrition and physical fitness to improve quality of life and decrease health risks. Regular physical activity provides both physical and mental well-being benefits. It helps control weight, builds healthy bones and muscles, and reduces risks for chronic illnesses, premature death, and conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Physical activity is important throughout life to support brain growth, development, and cognitive performance from childhood through adulthood.
Similar to Bancroft Exercise Effects on the Brain (20)
Syllabus for Photoshop 10 week course at the University of the Arts.
Explore Photoshop through hands-on web-design exercises. The course starts with an introduction to the Photoshop interface and tools and the types of files that are used for web graphics. The course continues as you learn how to use layers, effects, text, filters and image optimization tools for the web. Once you gain familiarity with the tools of Photoshop, you will be able to use those skills to create website templates, rich graphics and web page elements such as content boxes and buttons.
El documento proporciona información sobre los servicios y recursos disponibles para la comunidad latina en el condado de Burlington, Nueva Jersey. Servicios Latinos ofrece ayuda con asuntos consulares, empleo, vivienda, aprendizaje de inglés y más. También se incluyen detalles sobre clases de inglés, servicios de salud, asistencia legal e inmigración, asistencia temporal, bibliotecas y números de emergencia. El objetivo es brindar a la comunidad latina recursos importantes en un solo lugar.
The document discusses the Healthy Living Initiative (HLI) run by the Food Bank of South Jersey. It provides 3 key points:
1) The HLI has reached over 6,000 people through cooking classes since 2010, raising awareness about healthy and affordable meals. This may have contributed to a 1% decrease in obesity rates in New Jersey.
2) Studies show that HLI participants significantly improved their understanding of nutrition concepts and healthy cooking after taking the classes. The classes have had positive impacts on both children and parents changing cooking and eating habits.
3) However, the program is limited by lack of funding and has a waiting list of over 900 people. The Food Bank aims to get more funding to
The Bancroft organization has launched a $6 million capital campaign called "Transforming Our World | The Campaign for Bancroft" to fund campus renovations, technology upgrades, and other initiatives. They have already raised $4.1 million or 68% of their goal. The campaign has funded a rebuilt campus at Mullica Hill and more iPads and Smartboards for students. Bancroft is asking for additional donations by June 30th to reach their $6 million goal and further transform lives through technology, facilities and other improvements.
Guide to Bancroft’s Continuum of Programs Bancroft
Bancroft provides a wide range of programs for people with autism, brain injuries and other intellectual or developmental disabilities. This brochure offers a quick guide to Bancroft's major programs, across the lifespan and at various levels of independence.
www.bancroft.org
Problem solving after brain injury with bancroftBancroft
Survivors of brain injury often have deficits in their problem solving abilities. Yet good problem-solving skills are essential to achieving community integration and increased levels of independence. This webinar will introduce you to the rehabilitation of problem-solving abilities – a complex but essential set of skills. You will learn the cognitive tasks involved in problem-solving, and methods for remediating these abilities – both in therapy sessions and in the community.
INSTRUCTOR: Karen Lindgren, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, Bancroft Brain Injury Rehabilitation
http://www.bancroft.org/brain-injury/for-professionals
Augmentative and alternative communicationBancroft
This document discusses augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) options for survivors of brain injury. It defines key terms like traumatic brain injury and AAC. It describes different AAC symbol systems and devices. It outlines assessments including the Functional Communication Profile and Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory. It covers selecting devices using the SETT Framework and matching options to the user's needs and abilities. The document discusses implementing and maintaining AAC with training and support.
Bancroft | Assessment of Challenging Behavior: Beyond the Basic Functional An...Bancroft
Presented by Christina Vorndran, Ph.D., BCBA-D and Frances Perrin, Ph.D., BCBA-D, Bancroft
This workshop presents an in-depth description of the most common variations to the standard functional analysis methodology. Attendees should have familiarity with the principles of applied behavior analysis and basic functional analysis procedures.
Whether playing football, soccer or just riding a bicycle, everyone is vulnerable to concussions. This webinar will provide the latest medical information on how to identify, treat and prevent sports concussions – and the mild traumatic brain injuries they result in.
Bancroft Traumatic Brain Injury in the MilitaryBancroft
This comprehensive look at traumatic brain injury in the military will examine the type, frequency, and effects of traumatic brain injury sustained in Iraq and Afghanistan. In the session we’ll explore the military’s response to diagnosing and treating traumatic brain injury. Participants will learn/understand what to look for with regard to signs and symptoms of TBI in returning troops and become familiar with the resources available for treatment.
For more information, visit www.bancroft.org
Robbie Davis is a former student of Bancroft who was diagnosed with autism at age 3. He struggled with communication and other skills. At Bancroft's preschool program, Robbie blossomed and gained critical skills that allowed him to attend public kindergarten after just two years. Today, Robbie is a top student in third grade without any assistance. The article highlights other students who have benefitted from Bancroft's programs, including Ari Rubenstein who learned sign language skills and Bonnie Davis who gained independence living on her own. Bancroft also provides a range of residential options for adults with developmental disabilities focused on choice and individual needs.
The document discusses Bancroft's new program to help military veterans with brain injuries. It profiles Gary Schall, a Navy veteran who was helped by the program. Gary was able to regain skills and improve his mood and mobility. The program also helps veterans socialize and regain vocational skills. Bancroft is one of a few facilities offering this kind of support for veterans through a partnership with the VA. The document also discusses Bancroft's innovations in technology, inclusive daycare programs, and continuum of services to support people's needs from childhood through old age.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
2. Our Mission
To ensure that every person is given opportunities for lifelong learning
and fulfillment.
We do this by altering perceptions, and by supporting those with
intellectual and developmental challenges and acquired brain injuries in
achieving their life goals as valued and respected members of our world.
Our Core Values
Responsible Empathetic Supportive Passionate Empowered Committed Trustworthy
RESPECT
Our Vision
By 2014 our distinct ability to deliver high quality individualized services in
modern living, learning and working environments will exceed stakeholder
expectations and secure Bancroft as the region’s elite provider of services to
people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and brain injuries.
2
3. Strength of mind is exercise, not rest
-Alexander Pope
It is exercise alone that supports the
spirits, and keeps the mind in vigor
- Marcus Tullius Cicero
3
4. Goals
• How does exercise benefit general health?
• How does exercise benefit neurological
health?
• What are specific cognitive benefits of
exercise?
• What is neuroplasticity?
• How does exercise benefit neuroplasticity?
4
5. Format
• GEOGRAPHY OF THE BRAIN
• WHAT IS NEUROPLASTICITY
• EXERCISE
o What it is
o Physiology
• EXERCISE AND THE BRAIN
o Simple connections
o Complex connections
5
6. The link should be clear
• Our brain is a physical organ
• Our brain is a thinking organ
6
7. The link should be clear
Exercise helps us physically
• strengthens: hearts, bones, lungs, blood vessels
• physical changes should be related to thinking
changes
Like our other organs, our brain is a constantly
changing organ
7
8. The brain: physical organ
Geography of the brain
• Brain basics
• Neurons
• Blood vessels
• Neurotransmitters
8
9. The brain: a thinking organ
What is thinking?
• Cognition refers to any mental process
9
10. What is cognition?
Areas of cognition include:
• Attention
• Concentration
• Sensory skills
• Motor skills
10
11. What is cognition?
Areas of cognition include:
• Language
• Visual Skills
• Memory
• Problem solving/judgment moral reasoning
11
13. Neuroplasticity
What is neuroplasticity?
• Refers to the ability of the brain to shape itself
according to experience
• Refers to physical change on a neuronal level
13
14. Neuroplasticity
What changes when we learn?
• Neurons connect with other neurons
• Synapses strength changes with learning
• More synapses form between neurons
14
15. What is exercise?
Types
• Cardiovascular
• Weight training (resistance training)
Intensity
• Active lifestyle
• Light
• Vigorous
15
16. What happens when we exercise?
Heart rate increases
Hormones respond
• Pituitary gland releases human growth
hormone to increase production of bone,
muscle, or connective tissue cells.
Pituitary gland regulates
• Thyroid
• Adrenal
16
17. Pituitary Gland
• Located in brain, limbic system
• Influences:
o Thyroid: neck
o Adrenal: kidneys
17
19. What happens when we exercise?
Hormones respond
• Pituitary gland regulates thyroid gland
Thyroid: releases hormones
• Increase heart rate and blood pressure
• Regulate body temperature
• Elevate “alertness” in brain to increase
concentration and reaction time
19
20. What happens when we exercise?
Hormones respond
• Pituitary gland regulates
o Adrenal glands: In response to the ACTH
(adrenocorticotropin) from the pituitary, release
o 1. cortisol: causes blood pressure to rise, triggers
increase in glucose, acts as anti-inflammatory
agent (repairs tissues) Curbs non-critical
functions (e.g., thirst, urine, hunger). Effects
immune system.
20
21. What happens when we exercise?
Hormones respond
• Pituitary gland regulates
o Adrenal glands: In response to the ACTH
(adrenocorticotropin) from the pituitary, release
o 2. aldosterone: bodily response to anticipate
dehydration through impact on kidney function.
21
22. What happens when we exercise?
Hormones respond
• Pituitary gland regulates
o Adrenal glands: In response to the ACTH
(adrenocorticotropin) from the pituitary, release
o 3. adrenaline (fight or flight) mechanism. A
stimulant, increases strength and frequency of
heart contractions. Speeds breakdown of stored
carbs into glucose for muscle energy.
22
23. Section Break
• GEOGRAPHY OF THE BRAIN
• WHAT IS NEUROPLASTICITY
• EXERCISE
o What it is
o Physiology
• EXERCISE AND THE BRAIN
o Simple connections
o Complex connections
23
24. Exercise and the Brain:
How do we know they are linked
Studies vary greatly (meta-analysis,
Kramer et al)
• Ages vary
• Length of time looked at varies
• Exercise type varies
• Method of reporting varies (often self-report)
• Method of reporting cognitive skill varies (e.g., MMSE
screen, neuropsych, presence of dementia)
24
25. What is the link?
Simple links
• Increased blood flow to the brain is good for us
• Simple mind/body benefits: mindfulness
training, yoga
Complex links
• Neuroplasticity
• Preventing problems
• Improved mood--- improved thinking
25
26. Simple connections
• Exercise improves blood flow to the brain
• Is increased blood flow related to improved
cognition?
26
27. Simple connections
Physical effects of exercise
• Increased blood flow to the brain
o Blood volume increases
o Blood flow is more “predictable”
o Small vessels grow – increase in number
• Study of 16 women aged 60 and older, walking
briskly 3-4 times per week, improved blood
flow up to 15 %
27
28. Simple connections
Physical effects of exercise
• Brings O2, glucose, nutrients to brain cells, vital
for cell health
• Cell growth: supports new connections,
particularly in hippocampus- memory
• Blood washes away “metabolic wastes” such as
“amyloid beta protein” (implicated in
development of Alzheimers)
28
29. Simple connections
Walking:
• Increases blood circulation
• Increased oxygen and glucose to the brain
• Not strenuous- muscles do not use extra oxygen
and glucose as in more strenuous exercise
In sum, you oxygenate your brain
“Clear your head”
29
31. Exercise prevents primary
neurologic disease
Primary Neurologic Disease
• Vascular disease
o Cholesterol lowering effects of exercise
o Exercise lowers blood pressure:
High blood pressure is related to stroke and
mild cognitive impairment
o Increased blood flow
o Increased vessels
31
32. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Normal Aging
• Ameliorates decline: Canadian researchers1 examined
active lifestyle for “elderly” individuals over 2-5 years,
showed stability in cognitive functioning for individuals
who were active, greater change if sedentary.
• 90% of individuals with greatest daily energy scored
consistently on tests each year
• Activities included walking, cooking, cleaning
1. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2011
32
33. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Normal Aging
• More specifically, women in 70’s with vascular
disease showed a slower rate of cognitive
decline than the active group. Editorial (Dr.
Eric Larson) noted the goal was to slow the
onset of dementia.
33
34. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Normal Aging
• A second study2 showed that light duty weight
training has neurological effects.
• After one year, older women who lifted 2x per
week showed changes on both functional MRIs
and cognitive tests.
2. Neurobiology of Aging, 2011
34
35. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Normal Aging: start early!
• Mayo clinic study of 1,126 individuals with
“normal cognition” (as opposed to Mild
cognitive impairment)3
• Individuals with Moderate exercise during
midlife were less likely to develop impairment in
later life
3. Archives of Neurology, 2011
35
36. Exercise promotes healthy aging
• Exercise prevents onset of dementia
• Meta analysis of 1600 research papers
examining role of exercise in perserving
cognitive abilities
• Conclusion: Important therapy against dementia
36
37. Exercise promotes healthy aging
“…you can make a very compelling argument for
exercise as a disease-modifying strategy to prevent
dementia and mild cognitive impairment, and for
favorably modifying these processes once they
have developed.”
-- J. Eric Ahlskog, M.D., Ph.D., neurologist, Mayo Clinic
37
38. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Other Neurologic Disease
• Parkinson’s Disease
o Researchers4 followed 140,000 people with avg. age of
63 for 10 years.
o Moderate to vigorous activity levels were related to a
40% less chance to develop Parkinsons than those with
light or no activity levels.
o Not clear if the relationship is focused on short term
or long term (i.e., do you need to start exercising at 40?)
4. American Academy of Neurology, 2007
38
39. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Other Neurologic Disease
• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI): each year, 10-15% of
individuals with mild cognitive impairment will develop
dementia5.
• Study: 33 adults with MCI. 23 assigned randomly to
aerobic group and exercised at high intensity levels for
45-60 minutes per day, 4 days per week, with a trainer.
Control group: 10 individuals performed supervised
stretching with low heart rate.
5. Archives of Neurology, 2011
39
40. Exercise promotes healthy aging
Other Neurologic Disease
• Found improved fitness (body fat analysis,
metabolic markers) and improved cognition.
• Cognitive improvements were more marked in
women than men. This may be related to body’s
use of insulin, glucose, and cortisol, which
differed between the sexes.
40
41. Exercise and Stress
• Chronic cortisol release leads to detrimental
effects:
o Chronically high cortisol reduces dopamine
• Exercise initially mimics this effect
• Regular exercise training helps to reduce cortisol
levels (e.g., a 20 minute walk ceases to be
“stressful” to the body).
41
42. Mood Benefits
Exercise improves stress tolerance:
• Exercise causes a drop in stress hormones
• Improves “resilience” to stress
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF)
o “fertilizer” of the brain’s neurons
o Grow more quickly, develop stronger connections
o Associated with improved cognition, mood
42
43. Mood Benefits
Exercise improves stress tolerance:
• Rats assigned to 4 groups6:
o Engaged in “voluntary running”
o Given antidepressants
o Both
o Neither
• Rats then underwent a 2-day “forced swimming”
procedure
6. California State University, 2001
43
44. Mood Benefits
Exercise improves stress tolerance:
• Results:
o BDNF levels in untreated animals were depressed
o Animals that were given physical training or
antidepressants had BDNF restored to baseline
o Animals with both showed increase in
hippocampal BDNF well above baseline.
44
45. Mood Benefits
Improved mood improves cognition:
• Exercise has an “antidepressant effect”
• Antidepressant effect of running was associate
with more cell growth in hippocampus9
9. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 2010
45
46. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
• Exercise increased growth factors in brain making it easier
to grow new connections10
• Mice that ran on a wheel had twice as many new brain cells
as mice housed in standard cages11. As a comparison,
provided mice with other “enriched” environments (e.g.,
“free swim”)- only running produced the effect.
o Growth was in the hippocampus (learning and
memory)
10. UCLA, 2011
11. Nature Neuroscience, 1999
46
47. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
• Illinois researchers scanned brains of 55 individuals
aged 55-79, measured maximal O2 during exercise12
• Used MRIs and functional imaging to examine age-
related brain shrinkage
• Results: fit subjects had less shrinkage in temporal,
parietal, and frontal areas- crucial for learning and
memory
12. Journal of Gerontology, 2003
47
48. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
• Meta-analysis of 18 controlled studies of
cognitive function and aerobic fitness for
individuals aged 55-8013
13. Psychological Sciences, 2003
48
49. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
Results:
• Exercise had clear, selective cognitive benefits for
attention, organization, planning
• Frontal skills
• Strength training combined with aerobic fitness was
most effective
• Exercise sessions of less than 30 minutes per session
had little impact
49
50. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF)
• “fertilizer” of the brain’s neurons
o Grow more quickly, develop stronger connections
• Associated with improved cognition, mood
50
51. Does exercise foster
neuroplasticity?
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF)
• produced in the brain during endurance training
• produced peripherally in resistance training, circulates
to the brain
• University of Florida study: 20 college aged men14
o Increased neurotrophic factors at 1, 30 and 60 minutes
after endurance training
14. American College of Sports Medicine, 2010
51
52. Cognitive exercise
• Cognitive exercise has similar effects
• Two together have strongest effects
• Visualizing exercise improves neuroplasticity
as well
• Best exercise is novel tasks: at any level
52
53. Yoga is cognitive and physical
• Yoga, mind/body connection is good for us
• Yoga decreases depression, anxiety,
hypertension, stress
53
54. Yoga is cognitive and physical
Yoga: the research
• Enhanced effects of meditation alone
• Study of novice participants in a 12-week
yoga training program15
15. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2009
54
55. Yoga is cognitive and physical
Results:
• EEG changes were greater in left hemisphere
• Participants experienced greater ability to activate
their brain, particularly right hemisphere, through
yoga
• Increased blood flow in right pre-frontal cortex
• Changes in amygdala, sensorimotor cortex consistent
with changes in processing emotions and sensory
phenomena
55
57. Conclusions
Exercise is shown to positively affect cognition in
the following ways:
• Improving blood circulation
• Increased availability of oxygen and nutrients
• Clears metabolic waste
57
59. Conclusions
• Regular exercise decreases our symptoms of
stress (e.g., lowers cortisol)
• Improves resiliency
• Improves mood- acts as an antidepressant
• Increases growth of neurons in key areas:
o Frontal lobes, hippocampus
59
60. Practical Advice
The Basics:
• Do something
• Stick with what you stick with
• Every bit counts: even 20 minutes of exercise
facilitates brain function
60
61. Practical Advice
The Details:
• Exercise has short term effects of mood,
concentration, memory and stress that last for
several hours after exercise
• Moderate exercise for a six month time frame
is beneficial to begin to see long term benefits
61
62. Practical Advice
The Details:
• Exercise should continue with age
• Exercise that encourages cognitive focus has
additional benefits : find something that
challenges you (ballroom dancing, a new class,
yoga, etc.)
• Exercise that is interesting is also good (vary
your walk!)
62
63. Special Information: Brain Injury
Exercise after concussion is not
recommended:
• REST IS RECOMMENDED
63
64. Special Information: Brain Injury
For all these reasons, exercise is important for
long term recovery from a brain injury
• Promotes mood
• Promotes stable sleep patterns
• Promotes physical health
• Promotes self-efficacy, improved views of health
• Promotes neurogenesis in animal models
• Increased blood flow in hippocampus
64
65. Special Information: Brain Injury
For all these reasons, exercise is important for
long term recovery from a brain injury
• Promotes mood
• Promotes stable sleep patterns
• Promotes physical health
• Promotes self-efficacy, improved views of health
• Promotes neurogenesis in animal models
• Increased blood flow in hippocampus
65