Banana peels have potential as a low-cost adsorbent for water purification. They contain acids and other molecules that can attract and bind to heavy metals and toxic compounds in water, removing contaminants similarly to more expensive industrial adsorbents. Experiments showed banana peels effectively removed heavy metals like copper and lead from water, as well as dyes, and performed as well or better than technological alternatives. As an agricultural waste, banana peels provide a renewable option for communities lacking water treatment infrastructure.

1. Banana Peels As
Adsorbent
*By Aysha Shahzad
*Teacher Name: Dr Samina.

2. Introduction:
 Water is one of the vital necessities for the
survival of human beings. Wastewater
reclamation, recycling and reuse are vital to
meet the water requirements for irrigation,
industry and domestic use due to increasing
population and development in many parts of the
world. Industrial wastewaters largely possess
organic and inorganic materials such as dyes,
phenols, aromatic compounds, and heavy metals

3.  The World Health Organization [WHO]
estimates that 884 million people world-
wide do not have access to clean drinking
water. Over half of these individuals live
in developing African countries where the
consequences of drinking unclean water
account for millions of deaths each year.
Children, 5 years or younger, are the most
vulnerable. In the past, drinking unclean
water typically meant high risk to diarrheal
diseases caused by bacteria or viruses.

4.  A simple turn of the faucet delivers an endless supply of
clean and refreshing H2O – in our homes, our offices, and
even water used to flush our toilets. Clean drinking water is
so readily available that we don’t have to think about where
it is coming from or how we are going to get it. Access to
clean drinking water is a basic human right that we enjoy on
a daily basis. Unfortunately, this right isn’t the reality for
millions of people around the world.

5.  There are many hidden chemicals, micro-organism,
toxic metals dissolved in water.
To clean water from them is really a hard task.
But now it is not difficult more. By using Bio-
adsorbents we can purify water easily.

6.  Bio-adsorbents are certain types of
biomass used to bind and concentrate
pollutants from even very diluted aqueous
solution . A Bio-adsorption process
offers a number of advantages compared
to conventional methods currently used.
These include low operational costs and
minimizing the volume of chemical and/or
biological waste sludge as well as a high
degree of efficiency in decontamination
of very diluted effluents.

7. We will discuss how we can use Banana Peels as
adsorbent
Banana peel, a discarded agricultural waste, was
used to produce bio-adsorbent through easy and
environmental friendly processes.

8. Advantage
 Banana peels are a cheap alternative to large
purification plants because of their low cost and
availability. While tons of it may be required to
run a plant, it can be used in much small scale
units where the finance for treatment plans is
scarce.

9. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
To the surprisingly inventive uses for Banana
peels :
which include polishing silverware, leather shoes,
and the leaves of house plants Scientists have
added purification of drinking water contaminated
with potentially toxic metals. Their report, which
concludes that minced banana peel performs better
than an array of other purification materials,
appears in ACS’s journal Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry Research

10. As Adsorbent Of Toxic Metals
 Heavy metals can end up in the waterways of the
world as a result of industrial or agricultural
processes and have been linked to a variety of
health problems, ranging from nausea and vomiting
to lung, kidney and brain damage. While there are
numerous purification methods are already
employed to try and keep the nasties at bay,
many involve significant cost and can carry their
own toxic risks.

11.  Mercury, lead, copper, iron, and other naturally
occurring metals find their way into our water
sources by both natural and man-made means such
as agricultural and industrial waste and runoff.

12.  They are lethal to us and the unfortunate part is
that they build up in our bodies slowly over time.
Lead and mercury in particular build up and can
damage the nervous system and, specifically, your
brain.

13.  Typically, engineers use aluminum oxide,
silica, cellulose or other means to
extract heavy metals but these are
expensive and not readily available to
John Q. Public. They also have side
effects of their own. Charcoal filters out
impurities but basically it can only get
bigger pieces, so it’s not even that
effective.

14.  Experiments have shown that banana
peels have good antioxident potential and
can be used for water purification ,for
the removal of many toxic metals like
copper, lead, cadmium ,chromium and
nano-particles etc.
 This banana peel based biosorbent was
evaluated for adsorptive removal of
copper from water and its desorption
capability

15.  The efficiancy of the banana peel biomass was
tested for the removal of lead, copper, zinc and
nickel metal ions using batch experiments in single
and binary metal solution under controlled
experimental conditions.

16.  Using water from Brazil’s Paranhas River and
locally grown bananas, researchers at Sao Paublo
State University have demonstrated that dried
banana peels can successfully remove copper and
lead [two common metal pollutants] from
contaminated water.

17.  research published in the journal of the American
Chemical Society claims that mashed up Banana
peel can remove heavy metals from river water

18.  Heavy metals in water are generally
positively charged acid ions and Banana
peels, evidently, are rich in negatively
charged molecules, so they attract the
heavy and positively charged metal
pollutants in water. The two compounds
are drawn towards each other just like
with a magnet

19.  Banana peels contain nitrogen, sulfur,
and carboxylic acids; the acids are
responsible for the peels’ ability to bind
the toxic metals and remove them from
the water. Because of the high number
of these acids in the peels

20.  Specifically, banana peels contain
nitrogen, carboxylic acid, carbohydrate
,fiber, potassium, maganese, iron,
sodium. Traces of polyphenoles, ether
extractives and that function pretty
much the same way magnets do in terms
of attracting heavy metals.

21.  This is great news since heavy metals are one of
the biggest problems in terms of water
contamination. Some of these metals that can be
found in unpurified water include lead, copper,
mercury, and iron. These are lethal to humans,
building up slowly in our bodies and eventually
leading to brain and nervous system damage..

22.  Not only can banana peels remove the
contaminants, but they can do it just as
well, and in some cases better, than
more expensive technological options And
it’s easy. Without any technical
preparation, dried banana peels
successfully remove metals.

23.  Banana peels don’t kill parasites or
bacteria, and they aren’t going to
protect children from viruses. But,
banana peels may offer millions of
families around the world the opportunity
to drink water free of heavy metals. A
basic solution to promote a basic right.

24. As Adsorbent Of Dyes:
 Banana peels have good compatility to
adsorb dyes methylene blue ,ethylene
blue and bromophenol before disposal in
the water these dyes can be treated
with Banana peels as adsorbent to
remove their toxicity.

25.  Natural and synthetic dyes, one group of organic
pollutants,
Effluents into the natural water bodies can pose
hazardous effects on the living systems because of
carcinogenic, mutagenic, allergenic and toxic nature
of dyes.

26.  There are applications used to remove
dyes, membrane filtration, ion exchange,
ozonation etc
These applications have disadvantages
such as relatively high price, high
operation cost.

27.  Find cheap, renewable, available and
effective alternative materials for the
decolorization of colored effluents such
as banana peels .

28. Removing Methylene blue
Formula: C16H18N3SCl
it is harmful when it is swallowed and it
can be harmful if it is breathed and in
contact with skin.
Moreover it causes severe eye irritation.

29. Aim Of Work
 In this research, the removal of
methylene blue by using banana peels
powder natural waste through adsorption
isotherm technique in real sample

31.  Yes, in a pinch banana peels can be used
to filter water. The main reason for this
is due to the fact that they contain a
number of acids and other molecules
capable of purifying hydrogen and oxygen
better still, these molecules are not at
all harmful to humans.

32. Biomass Preparation
 Fresh banana peels were collected from
domestic wastes, as its availability was
easy

33.  Collected banana peels were cut into
small pieces (1-2 cm)

34.  The peels were washed several times
with tap water and followed by distilled
water

35.  The washed material then allowed to dry
for 48 hours in an oven at 100°C to
remove the moisture content from the
peels.
 The moisture content was lost from it
and the color change was observed from
yellow to brownish black.

36.  After the drying process, the peels were
removed from the oven and kept in the
desiccators for 30 minutes. The dried
material was finely ground and screened
through the sieves of cut size of 150-
212µm

37. How To Use?
 Waste water sample 500ml each was kept
with 1.0gm of banana peel, powdered as an
adsorbent, in orbital shaker at 150 to180
rpm at 25˚C. Then the separation of
bioadsorbent and solution was carried out by
filtration with Whatman Filter Paper No.42
and the filtrate stored in sample cans for
determine the metal ion concentration using
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).

38. Surface Pictures Of Banana
Peels:
Before Adsorption After Adsorption

39. Conclusion:
 The conclusion here is that banana peels
can be used to filter water for survival.
They are more effective than most other
methods for removing heavy metals from
water

40.  The potential applicability of banana peel
based bioadsorbent could be further
examined in a large-scale
Thus that Banana peels, which are
discarded waste materials can be used
for the removal of heavy metals from
waste water.