The document provides information about Brussels, Belgium, and the relationship between the two. It discusses:
- The EU institutions based in Brussels and how the city has become multicultural and multilingual as a result of the EU presence.
- An overview of Belgium, including the tensions between the Flemish and Walloon regions, the fragmented political system, and stereotypes Belgians have of each other.
- Details on the education system in Flanders and the HUB university in Brussels, including the degree programs offered in both Dutch and English.
The document discusses the shale gas and oil revolution driven by new fracking technology. It summarizes that:
1) Fracking has led to a boom in US gas and oil production, making the US a net exporter and reducing global prices.
2) Lower oil prices are benefiting net importing countries but hurting OPEC producers who face a dilemma of either losing income from restricting production or risking instability from low prices.
3) The shale revolution has increased global oil capacity and reduced risks of supply disruptions, putting downward pressure on long term oil prices.
The document provides information about Brussels, Belgium, and the relationship between the two. It discusses:
- The EU institutions based in Brussels and how the city has become multicultural and multilingual as a result of the EU presence.
- An overview of Belgium, including the tensions between the Flemish and Walloon regions, the fragmented political system, and stereotypes Belgians have of each other.
- Details on the education system in Flanders and the HUB university in Brussels, including the degree programs offered in both Dutch and English.
The document discusses the shale gas and oil revolution driven by new fracking technology. It summarizes that:
1) Fracking has led to a boom in US gas and oil production, making the US a net exporter and reducing global prices.
2) Lower oil prices are benefiting net importing countries but hurting OPEC producers who face a dilemma of either losing income from restricting production or risking instability from low prices.
3) The shale revolution has increased global oil capacity and reduced risks of supply disruptions, putting downward pressure on long term oil prices.
The document discusses future economic trends in the Baltic Sea Region, including economic development, trade, innovation, and demographic changes. It notes that the Baltic Sea Region has strong economic potential due to its large population and GDP. Small and medium enterprises are highlighted as the backbone of the European economy, comprising most businesses and employment. Innovation is also discussed as being fundamental for stimulating growth of small and medium enterprises.
Launch of Kurt Salmon new publication @ the Egg – Brussels around Culture & Economy :
“Culture means Business? Creative and cultural enterprises in Belgium: challenges and opportunities”.
Belgian economy: on the way to a sustainable but modest recoveryKBC Economics
The document summarizes the state of the Belgian economy, which is emerging from a mild recession with modest growth. While consumer confidence and private consumption are improving, unemployment is rising, especially in Flanders. Investments remain weak due to low capacity utilization in manufacturing. Exports are stagnant but foreign orders are turning around in mid-2013. Inflation is lower than in neighboring countries. Forecasts project sustainable but modest economic recovery in Belgium over 2013-2014.
Launch of Kurt Salmon new publication @ the Egg – Brussels around Culture & Economy :
“Culture means Business? Creative and cultural enterprises in Belgium: challenges and opportunities”.
This document provides an overview of commercial trade in Belgium. It begins with general information about Belgium's population, GDP, and federal political system. It then discusses why Belgium presents opportunities for trade, focusing on key economic sectors like chemicals and food processing. Statistical data shows Belgium's main imports and exports. The document concludes with tips for successfully trading with Belgians, emphasizing the importance of speaking the local language, being direct in communication, and building trust with business partners.
This document provides an overview of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. For each country, it includes sections on general data, economic data, development highlights, and either foreign investment, labor market, or migration trends. The document aims to introduce key facts and recent history for understanding the Baltic region.
The Latvian economy post-2009 will likely follow an L-shaped recovery rather than a V-shaped or U-shaped recovery. A V-shaped recovery with a quick bounce back is unlikely given that consumer and investment spending will remain subdued due to high consumer debt, credit constraints, and a gloomy economic outlook both domestically and globally. Fiscal policy options are also limited as there is no stimulus money available due to poor fiscal management during boom years. Exports are uncertain given the weak global economic outlook and competitiveness challenges. The recession is occurring at a difficult time as Latvia faces a severe downturn alongside a global slowdown and international financial crisis.
Belgium withstood the global financial crisis relatively well and has high levels of well-being. However, the country faces challenges including ensuring the sustainability of its public debt, improving competitiveness amid fast wage growth, and boosting low employment rates for immigrants. The OECD report recommends reforms such as raising the retirement age, modifying the wage setting process, reducing labor taxes and increasing other taxes, improving integration policies, and addressing issues in the education and housing systems.
Global issues facing Belgium include economic, political, social and environmental challenges. Belgium struggles with political instability due to cultural and linguistic divisions. It also faces issues like poverty, human rights violations against women, unemployment during economic downturns, and environmental pollution from industry. Immigration is a significant issue for Belgium's ethnic and cultural diversity.
Estonia gained independence in 1918 but was occupied by Russia from 1939-1991. It joined the EU in 2004. The economy has grown steadily, with unemployment decreasing to 4.1% in 2008. Main industries include wood/paper, food, and electronics. Exports include machinery, wood, and metals. The culture was influenced by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia. While 68.6% of the population is ethnically Estonian, 25.7% is Russian. The singing festival has been an important cultural tradition since 1869. Estonia scores medium on power distance and masculinity but low on individualism and medium on uncertainty avoidance.
Baltic economies: more pain in the past, more gain in the future?Latvijas Banka
Presentation by Dr. Raul Eamets, Professor of Macroeconomics, Head of the Institute of Economics, University of Tartu (Estonia) at the Bank of Latvia conference "Economic Adjustment under Sovereign Debt Crisis: Can Experience of the Baltics Be Applied to Others?"
Riga, November 2, 2012.
1. The document reviews three urban developments - Osowa in Gdansk, Poland, Roldan in Rosario, Argentina, and Hammarby Sjostad in Stockholm, Sweden.
2. Osowa and Roldan experienced a lack of planning and vision, chaotic growth, and car-dependency while Hammarby Sjostad was carefully planned with public transportation, green spaces, and environmental sustainability in mind.
3. The review aims to determine what kind of cities are being built and what kind cities should be planned for people rather than cars with sustainable design and adequate public services and transportation.
This document is a public space planning and design manual created by a mentor and assistant with a group of 6 members. The manual is divided into 7 main sections covering topics from law to place identity to attractiveness, with the goal of creating public spaces that are positive, smart, intuitive and for everyone. It includes subsections within the attractiveness section such as aesthetics, greenspace, water, art, furniture and activeness.
1. The document reviews three urban developments - Osowa in Gdansk, Poland, Roldan in Rosario, Argentina, and Hammarby Sjostad in Stockholm, Sweden.
2. Osowa and Roldan experienced a lack of planning and vision, chaotic growth, and car-dependency while Hammarby Sjostad was carefully planned with public transportation, green spaces, and environmental sustainability in mind.
3. The review aims to determine what kind of cities are being built and what kind cities should be planned for people rather than cars with sustainable design and adequate public services and transportation.
The document discusses future economic trends in the Baltic Sea Region, including economic development, trade, innovation, and demographic changes. It notes that the Baltic Sea Region has strong economic potential due to its large population and GDP. Small and medium enterprises are highlighted as the backbone of the European economy, comprising most businesses and employment. Innovation is also discussed as being fundamental for stimulating growth of small and medium enterprises.
Launch of Kurt Salmon new publication @ the Egg – Brussels around Culture & Economy :
“Culture means Business? Creative and cultural enterprises in Belgium: challenges and opportunities”.
Belgian economy: on the way to a sustainable but modest recoveryKBC Economics
The document summarizes the state of the Belgian economy, which is emerging from a mild recession with modest growth. While consumer confidence and private consumption are improving, unemployment is rising, especially in Flanders. Investments remain weak due to low capacity utilization in manufacturing. Exports are stagnant but foreign orders are turning around in mid-2013. Inflation is lower than in neighboring countries. Forecasts project sustainable but modest economic recovery in Belgium over 2013-2014.
Launch of Kurt Salmon new publication @ the Egg – Brussels around Culture & Economy :
“Culture means Business? Creative and cultural enterprises in Belgium: challenges and opportunities”.
This document provides an overview of commercial trade in Belgium. It begins with general information about Belgium's population, GDP, and federal political system. It then discusses why Belgium presents opportunities for trade, focusing on key economic sectors like chemicals and food processing. Statistical data shows Belgium's main imports and exports. The document concludes with tips for successfully trading with Belgians, emphasizing the importance of speaking the local language, being direct in communication, and building trust with business partners.
This document provides an overview of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. For each country, it includes sections on general data, economic data, development highlights, and either foreign investment, labor market, or migration trends. The document aims to introduce key facts and recent history for understanding the Baltic region.
The Latvian economy post-2009 will likely follow an L-shaped recovery rather than a V-shaped or U-shaped recovery. A V-shaped recovery with a quick bounce back is unlikely given that consumer and investment spending will remain subdued due to high consumer debt, credit constraints, and a gloomy economic outlook both domestically and globally. Fiscal policy options are also limited as there is no stimulus money available due to poor fiscal management during boom years. Exports are uncertain given the weak global economic outlook and competitiveness challenges. The recession is occurring at a difficult time as Latvia faces a severe downturn alongside a global slowdown and international financial crisis.
Belgium withstood the global financial crisis relatively well and has high levels of well-being. However, the country faces challenges including ensuring the sustainability of its public debt, improving competitiveness amid fast wage growth, and boosting low employment rates for immigrants. The OECD report recommends reforms such as raising the retirement age, modifying the wage setting process, reducing labor taxes and increasing other taxes, improving integration policies, and addressing issues in the education and housing systems.
Global issues facing Belgium include economic, political, social and environmental challenges. Belgium struggles with political instability due to cultural and linguistic divisions. It also faces issues like poverty, human rights violations against women, unemployment during economic downturns, and environmental pollution from industry. Immigration is a significant issue for Belgium's ethnic and cultural diversity.
Estonia gained independence in 1918 but was occupied by Russia from 1939-1991. It joined the EU in 2004. The economy has grown steadily, with unemployment decreasing to 4.1% in 2008. Main industries include wood/paper, food, and electronics. Exports include machinery, wood, and metals. The culture was influenced by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia. While 68.6% of the population is ethnically Estonian, 25.7% is Russian. The singing festival has been an important cultural tradition since 1869. Estonia scores medium on power distance and masculinity but low on individualism and medium on uncertainty avoidance.
Baltic economies: more pain in the past, more gain in the future?Latvijas Banka
Presentation by Dr. Raul Eamets, Professor of Macroeconomics, Head of the Institute of Economics, University of Tartu (Estonia) at the Bank of Latvia conference "Economic Adjustment under Sovereign Debt Crisis: Can Experience of the Baltics Be Applied to Others?"
Riga, November 2, 2012.
1. The document reviews three urban developments - Osowa in Gdansk, Poland, Roldan in Rosario, Argentina, and Hammarby Sjostad in Stockholm, Sweden.
2. Osowa and Roldan experienced a lack of planning and vision, chaotic growth, and car-dependency while Hammarby Sjostad was carefully planned with public transportation, green spaces, and environmental sustainability in mind.
3. The review aims to determine what kind of cities are being built and what kind cities should be planned for people rather than cars with sustainable design and adequate public services and transportation.
This document is a public space planning and design manual created by a mentor and assistant with a group of 6 members. The manual is divided into 7 main sections covering topics from law to place identity to attractiveness, with the goal of creating public spaces that are positive, smart, intuitive and for everyone. It includes subsections within the attractiveness section such as aesthetics, greenspace, water, art, furniture and activeness.
1. The document reviews three urban developments - Osowa in Gdansk, Poland, Roldan in Rosario, Argentina, and Hammarby Sjostad in Stockholm, Sweden.
2. Osowa and Roldan experienced a lack of planning and vision, chaotic growth, and car-dependency while Hammarby Sjostad was carefully planned with public transportation, green spaces, and environmental sustainability in mind.
3. The review aims to determine what kind of cities are being built and what kind cities should be planned for people rather than cars with sustainable design and adequate public services and transportation.
This document presents a case study and proposals for developing smart infrastructure in Gdynia, Poland. It begins with an overview of Gdynia's population, area, and development history. It then evaluates Gdynia's current transportation, energy, water, and social infrastructure systems. Several proposals are made to improve these systems through smart technologies, such as implementing intermittent bus lanes, a public bicycle system, integrated parking apps, water taxis, and passenger/road information displays. Renewable energy generation from waves, currents, and floating solar are also proposed to transition away from fossil fuels. Overall, the development of smart infrastructure in Gdynia is argued to provide better knowledge of the city, improved quality of life, economic and environmental
The document discusses improving sustainable mobility in the city of Gdansk, Poland. It provides background on Gdansk's population and growth in private car ownership. Examples of Gdansk's efforts to promote sustainable mobility include hosting the Velo-city cycling conference and adopting a "Mobilny Gdansk" strategy. The document also summarizes mobility policies and initiatives in other cities like Antwerp, Basel, Gothenburg, Frankfurt, and Helsinki that could serve as good practices for Gdansk. These include apps to plan trips, car-sharing programs, and dedicated bike lanes. The team aims to propose new ideas for Gdansk based on successful examples from other cities.
The document discusses medium-sized cities along the southern Baltic Sea coast and how they can improve by learning from each other. It analyzes how these cities have developed over the past 25 years and proposes a theoretical model for an ideal Baltic city. This model city would have friendly macroeconomics, accessibility, smart resource management, a sustainable budget, and a business-friendly climate. It would also be durable, with a diverse economy, global connections, and ability to withstand economic crises.
This document summarizes the current conditions of urban development in the Gdansk metropolitan area, using the district of Osowa as a case study. It examines topics like the environment, urbanization, social conditions, and city management. Specifically, it looks at Osowa's 25 years of development, public spaces and transportation, land prices, population growth, and city planning. The document provides an overview of urban development factors in 3 pages with the goal of an easy, quick and accurate approach.
This document discusses smart infrastructure in waterfront cities, using the city of Gdynia, Poland as a case study. It first provides theoretical background on waterfront cities and infrastructure, and the benefits of smart infrastructure. It then discusses general conditions in the EU, Poland, and the Tricity region. The case study section examines Gdynia's past and ongoing smart initiatives focused on infrastructure. Proposals are made for local, city, and regional adaptation and adoption for the EU, addressing infrastructure in water, shoreline, and upland areas.
The document summarizes the 2nd workshop of the Tri-Bike-City mobility project. It outlines the group's theme of preparing cities for changes in urban mobility. It examines case study cities of Antwerp, Basel, Helsinki, and Gothenburg and their transportation systems. It describes the group's survey and interviews in Gdansk about transportation habits and preferences. It lists resources the group explored for research and outlines the schedule for further research, including analyzing Gdansk's mobility system and identifying challenges in the TriCity region.
The document provides recommendations for 10 design principles to improve public spaces: sense of place, regenerative design, biophilic design, sensuous design, and walkability. For each principle, it outlines 2-3 specific recommendations, estimates expenses and difficulty, and recommends stakeholder involvement to provide guidance at a high level on implementing these design concepts. It suggests that more precise costing and feasibility studies would be needed before applying the recommendations to a specific project.
4. THE RESEARCH
• DATA GATHERING AND ANALYSIS IN CATEGORIES LISTED:
– SPACE,
– BRANDING,
– TRANSPORTATION
– ECONOMY,
– DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIAL ISSUES,
– ADMINISTRATION & LEGISLATION.
• EXTRACTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES;
• WORK OVER THE CHOSEN ASPECTS;
• THE EFFECT OF THE RESEARCH WILL CONTAIN:
– INFOGRAPHIC;
– TIPS AND TRICKS TO BETTER CITY DEVELOPMENT.
15. AFTER ‘89
• IMPLEMENTATION OF EUROPEAN STANDARDS
• COSTS OF TRAFFIC CONGESTIONS
• PRIORITY FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
• PROBLEMS WITH STRATEGIC, TERRITORIAL AND
LEGISLATIVE PLANNING IN POST-SOCIALIST
COUNTRIES
16. THE PLAN
• MODE COMPARISON IN ACCORDANCE TO
COUNTRY – BEFORE & AFTER ’89
• UNDERSTADING PRESENT AND FUTURE
PROBLEMS OF THESE SYSTEMS
• TRANSPORTATION TOOLBOX
18. HOW HAVE I COLLECTED MY DATA?
• ECONOMY STATISTICS
WEBSITES:
- BUNDESBANK,
- STATBANK.DK
- EUROSTAT
- STAT.GOV.PL
• CONTACT WITH CITIES’
AUTHORITITES
• PUBLICATIONS
• WIKIPEDIA
20. THE CONCLUSION
• GDP:
- THE HIGHEST GDP HAVE CITIES IN STRATEGIC
LOCATALIZATION
- KEY IMPACT OF PORT INDUSTRIES,
- CAPITALS BRING INVESTITIONS,
- TRICITY HAS THE HIGHEST GROWTH,
- SZCZECIN HAS WORRYING LOW GROWTH,
• TOURISM: 1 TOURIST IS WORTH 37,72 EURO/DAY
(KIEL)
• PROBLEMS WITH DATA BEFORE 1994
26. KEY ELEMENTS
• CONSTITUTION AND MAIN LEGISLATIVE ACTS’
CHANGES – GREAT REFORMS
• BREAKDOWN DATES OTHER THAN 1989
• LOCAL GVT POWERS
• LOCAL ELECTIONS & PARTICIPATION
