A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
Building sustainable cities through integrated planning
1. What kind of city do we build?
What kind of city do we want to build?
Re-viewing three different urban developments in
metropolitan areas
Oscar Bragos, Argentina
Team:
Agata Hinca, Piotr Smolnicki, Beata
Tranda, Anna Wilde,
Anna Wolska, Karolina Zajączkowska
With cooperation of:
Agustina Rostán, Federico Sileo, Germán Hein,
Mauro Livolti
from Rosario National University
2. The condition of our cities
● What kind of city are we building?
● What kind of city do we want to build?
● Sustainability
● Metropolitan area Are our cities sustainable?
What is the condition of today cities?
3. Sustainability
“development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.”
“Our common future” (Brundtland Report), United Nations World Commission on Environment
and Development (WCED) w1987
Sustainability in urban development
means rational, effective and economical resource management.
Resource such as land, water energy, but also socio-economic
conditions.
4. Sustainability in urban development
● an efficient use of resource land and of energy
● mixed functions
● optimization of traffic (waste of energy)
● urban and natural landscape, aesthetics
● public spaces and green areas
● rational urban extension, urban growth management
● rational mobility
○ car traffic
○ public transport
● socio-economic conditions
● water supply system, reusing
● waste segregation / renewable energy
6. Study Cases
● Osowa, Gdansk, Poland
● Roldan, Rosario, Argentina
● Hammarby Sjostad, Stockholm, Sweden
Metropolitan area of Tri-City Metropolitan area of Rosario Metropolitan area of Stockholm
7. Osowa,
Gdansk, Poland
Why Osowa?
● Dynamic and developing district of Gdańsk
area: 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2)
population: 15 000 inhabitants
density: low density / extensive urbanism
● Location between three cities of Tri-City
● Communication hub
Sopot
Gdansk
Wejherowo
Gdynia
Pruszcz Gdaski
8. In 70-ties and 80-ties Osowa
was developed by housing
cooperatives.
Osowa
history/urban extension
In 90-ties there is housing
boom in Osowa. (single
family)
In 90-ties and beginnings of
XXI - shopping malls, trade
centres multifamily houses
built by private developers
9. Urban Tissues “lubie w osowej niska zabudowe
jednorodzina. Niestety w ostatnich
latach coraz wiecej powstaje osiedli
wielorodzinych, ktore psuja kameralny
charakter Osowej.”
10. Local plans - covering
“Brak przemyślanego planowania przestrzennego. W
południowej części dzielnicy; mamy uciążliwy przemysł
na styku z zabudową mieszkaniową. W starszej części
Osowej również brakuje ładu przestrzennego. [...]
Zabudowa jest chaotyczna.
Plany miejscowe powstają w oparciu o potrzeby
konkretnych deweloperów, bez wizji całości osiedla.”
11. Functional scheme
● mainly residential
● green areas in surroundings, but
very few inside estates
● no cultural service
● no public “centre”
15. Public spaces
and green areas
- lack of a clear center
- sclerosis and undeveloped green spaces
- lack of continuity of green spaces
- promenade as a place with great potential but with no
connections to the rest of the district
- undeveloped waterfront lake
16. Landscape
Agata, wybierz zdjecia, ok,? Jesli masz czas. Tak podobnie jak
w Rosario, takie paski ze zdjeciami. Ładnie to wygala.
17. Survey of Osowa
● 166 people from Osowa
● The survey almost reflects the
demographic structure in Osowa
● 70 question survey with 173 answers
● The survey was prepared with the
participation of residents from
Osowa
● Example polls:
○ quality of life
○ quality of life changes
○ influence of Osowa being a
district of Gdansk (not an
independent town)
○ the identity of Osowa citizens
18. Survey of Osowa
What do you like in Osowa?
What lacks in Osowa?
19. Cooperation with students
from Rosario National University
Agustina Rostán
Federico Sileo
Germán Hein
Mauro Livolti
Roldan,
Rosario, Argentina
27. Public Services
Schools
● Primary Schools
● Secondary School
Health Care
● Hospital with very limited care services
Free time
● Sport facilities → soccer fields, football and tennis schools
(no one of them is free)
Access to public services do not satisfy the increasing demand
29. Future of Dreamland in Numbers
15 000 more inhabitants
5 000 more cars
Future of Roldan
No plans!!!
No cooperation between Roldan and metropolitan area
Metropolitan Planning Authority has not been recognized by a
provincial law yet
30. Hammarby Sjöstad,
Stockholm, Sweden
Population: 17 000
Area: 130 ha
Density: 131 persons/ha
“Wzorem jest dla mnie
Hammarby gdzie konsekwencja
planistyczna jest widoczna”
Mieszkaniec Osowy
33. Mobility
Objectives for 2015:
80% of travelling by using public transport; 25% electric
/ biogas vehicles.
Results:
fast, attractive public transport – tramway, ferry,
combined with cycling paths, car sharing system,
ensuring numerous bicycle parking places.
Mode share for all trips
Car 21%
Public transport 52%
Bicycle/walking 27%
38. Objectives for 2015:
90% reduction of landfill waste
and 40% reduction of all waste produced.
Results:
thoroughly sorted in practical systems,
with material and energy recycling
maximised wherever possible.
Waste
39. Key successes at Hammarby
● The city's authorities were proactive in their efforts to meet
predicted population increases in Stockholm.
● The whole development in Hammarby Sjöstad was designed
as a comprehensive infrastructure project.
● Using life-cycle cost analysis in planning decisions helped to
justify the added cost of higher environmental design
standards.
● The city authorities set high targets for the projects and used
these to galvanise their project partners. They took a strong
line overseeing the project from conception to construction.
40. Summary
Osowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad
Number of inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 17 000 inhabitants
Area 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2) 5,4 km 2 1,3 km 2
Urban Extension In 80ties planned. lack of
continuity of urban growth,
chaotic
Urban sprawl - endless
sprawl
Good planned
Public Spaces and green
areas
Not enough,
streets in bad conditions
Not enough Good planned, enough
Environment,
natural landscape
Good condition Good condition Good condition
41. Summary
Osowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad
City management Limited planning tools, lack
of vision , poor cooperation
between city authorities and
citizens of Osowa
Limited planning tools, there
is no project to guide urban
growth
Social conditions rather wealthy and middle
class estates, new estates
New estates are socially
homogeneous (middle
class). The population of the
town is mainly middle class)
Mobility Only by car,
roads mostly in bad
condition,
public transportation almost
doesn’t exist
Here is no metropolitan
transportation plan
There is a very bad bus
service.
Mostly by car through
highway to Rosario
fast, attractive public
transport, 80% of travelling
by using public transport
42. Summary
What kind of city do we build?
1. We build cities without a vision!
Because we cannot stop the process of suburbanisation, we
can only control it.
We can predict, to some extent, what can happen and avoid
future complications
2. We build cities with very poor social
consultations.
3. Districts like Osowa and Roldan should
have more possibilities of development.
43. Summary
What kind of city do we want to build?
● For people, not for cars
● For inhabitants, not for developers
● Planned urban development, with rational urban
extension
● sustainable
● With large number of public spaces and green areas
● With racional mobility, good public transport
● With mixed functions with basic services provided
