This document discusses disequilibrium in a country's balance of payments. It defines balance of payments equilibrium as equal demand and supply of foreign currency in a period. Disequilibrium occurs when there is a surplus or deficit, meaning exports are greater or less than imports respectively. The document then discusses various causes of disequilibrium including economic, natural, political, and social factors. It outlines different types of economic disequilibrium and provides examples. Finally, it discusses automatic and deliberate measures countries take to correct disequilibrium, such as monetary, trade, and miscellaneous policy actions aimed at increasing exports and decreasing imports.