The document discusses professional ethics in business administration from an Islamic perspective. It argues that while business administration generates value, demands skills, and carries great ethical responsibility, the field has not been properly professionalized due to myths that downplay the need for education and promote the demoralization of business. These myths have contributed to problems like wealth inequality, environmental damage, and the prioritization of profits over morality. The document advocates developing professional ethics standards for business administration to promote credibility and behavioral norms, but notes this may not be sufficient to fully instill morality without broader cultural and societal changes. It concludes by questioning which ethical school or framework should inform such standards.
Entrepreneurial culture, profile of the leader and entrepreneurial orientatio...ijmvsc
Today, no company is safe from forces and pressures, which are exerted on it, because of a significant number of the requirements in particular as regards competitiveness, the need for change, or the crises, the deregulations and the cost of energy. To face this news gives, the company must reconsider its behaviors and its practices to renew itself, to open out and reinforce its international position in the market. Some of these practices form what one calls the entrepreneurial orientation.
For this reason, we will devote this paper for better encircling and apprehending the concept of entrepreneurial orientation and this, by focusing on its relation with the entrepreneurial culture and the profile of the leader in the specific case of the Tunisian companies.
This document discusses cross-cultural configuration in international business organizations. It begins by defining culture and explaining how culture affects institutions including business institutions. Culture includes both conscious and unconscious values, ideas and symbols that are transmitted between generations and shape human behavior. The document then discusses how culture affects the political, economic and legal environments in countries using Saudi Arabia as an example. Culture influences policies, customs and traditions in Saudi Arabia that international businesses must understand and adapt to. Finally, the document outlines issues to consider for intercultural management, including team management, leadership styles, organizational structure, core values, communications and conflict resolution in multinational corporations.
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in Oman. It begins with an introduction about Oman's strategies to diversify its economy and encourage private sector growth and Omanization. It then defines women entrepreneurs as those who start small businesses using available opportunities. It describes the types of women entrepreneurs and discusses challenges they face including infrastructure, professional, educational, social/cultural, and legal barriers. The document concludes with strategies for women entrepreneurs to succeed such as networking and discussing organizations supporting women's skills development and entrepreneurship in Oman.
Institute Of Directors was established on 12 July 1990 in India, as an apex association of Directors to improve their professional competence. It was soon obvious, that it had a far wider remit. From the personal development of Directors, it soon embraced boardroom development as a whole, and then organization-wide transformation. IOD India since has grown to associate with more than 30,000 senior executives representing prominent organisations from both the Private & Public and Govt worldwide.
The document discusses the importance of considering "people and culture" factors when conducting mergers and acquisitions (M&As). It notes that M&As often fail due to underestimating these soft issues. The key steps are to conduct "cultural due diligence" by gathering information on company values and behaviors, assessing cultural differences, identifying potential gaps, and creating integration strategies to maximize synergy. Managing the human aspects of transition requires clear communication and committed leadership to improve the chances of realizing the expected value from the M&A deal.
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in India. It defines women entrepreneurs and their characteristics, including being imaginative, hard working, and able to take risks. It outlines the importance of promoting women entrepreneurs for economic and social development. Common reasons women become entrepreneurs include a desire for independence, confidence, and freedom. The document also discusses challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in India as well as government and private support programs available.
Women entrepreneur may be defined as a woman or group of women who initiate, organize, and run a business enterprise. In terms of Schumpeter concept of innovative entrepreneurs, women who innovate, imitate or adopt a business activity are called “Women Entrepreneurs”.
Entrepreneurial culture, profile of the leader and entrepreneurial orientatio...ijmvsc
Today, no company is safe from forces and pressures, which are exerted on it, because of a significant number of the requirements in particular as regards competitiveness, the need for change, or the crises, the deregulations and the cost of energy. To face this news gives, the company must reconsider its behaviors and its practices to renew itself, to open out and reinforce its international position in the market. Some of these practices form what one calls the entrepreneurial orientation.
For this reason, we will devote this paper for better encircling and apprehending the concept of entrepreneurial orientation and this, by focusing on its relation with the entrepreneurial culture and the profile of the leader in the specific case of the Tunisian companies.
This document discusses cross-cultural configuration in international business organizations. It begins by defining culture and explaining how culture affects institutions including business institutions. Culture includes both conscious and unconscious values, ideas and symbols that are transmitted between generations and shape human behavior. The document then discusses how culture affects the political, economic and legal environments in countries using Saudi Arabia as an example. Culture influences policies, customs and traditions in Saudi Arabia that international businesses must understand and adapt to. Finally, the document outlines issues to consider for intercultural management, including team management, leadership styles, organizational structure, core values, communications and conflict resolution in multinational corporations.
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in Oman. It begins with an introduction about Oman's strategies to diversify its economy and encourage private sector growth and Omanization. It then defines women entrepreneurs as those who start small businesses using available opportunities. It describes the types of women entrepreneurs and discusses challenges they face including infrastructure, professional, educational, social/cultural, and legal barriers. The document concludes with strategies for women entrepreneurs to succeed such as networking and discussing organizations supporting women's skills development and entrepreneurship in Oman.
Institute Of Directors was established on 12 July 1990 in India, as an apex association of Directors to improve their professional competence. It was soon obvious, that it had a far wider remit. From the personal development of Directors, it soon embraced boardroom development as a whole, and then organization-wide transformation. IOD India since has grown to associate with more than 30,000 senior executives representing prominent organisations from both the Private & Public and Govt worldwide.
The document discusses the importance of considering "people and culture" factors when conducting mergers and acquisitions (M&As). It notes that M&As often fail due to underestimating these soft issues. The key steps are to conduct "cultural due diligence" by gathering information on company values and behaviors, assessing cultural differences, identifying potential gaps, and creating integration strategies to maximize synergy. Managing the human aspects of transition requires clear communication and committed leadership to improve the chances of realizing the expected value from the M&A deal.
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in India. It defines women entrepreneurs and their characteristics, including being imaginative, hard working, and able to take risks. It outlines the importance of promoting women entrepreneurs for economic and social development. Common reasons women become entrepreneurs include a desire for independence, confidence, and freedom. The document also discusses challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in India as well as government and private support programs available.
Women entrepreneur may be defined as a woman or group of women who initiate, organize, and run a business enterprise. In terms of Schumpeter concept of innovative entrepreneurs, women who innovate, imitate or adopt a business activity are called “Women Entrepreneurs”.
The Characteristics of Muslim Woman Entrepreneur: A Study of Managing Directo...inventionjournals
Most scientific papers and academic articles emphasized the concept, principles, values and characteristics of Islamic entrepreneurship. Few of researcher try to analyze the attitudes and experiences and practices of Islam, particularly, among women entrepreneurs. Thus, this paper will attempt to show Islam entrepreneurial practices and how these practices are implemented by Muslim women entrepreneurs through the methodology proposed in this paper. Sources of information are reading literature especially the translated version of Qur'an and other materials on entrepreneurs. Islam is not against women working or contributing their worth in business. Muslim women in Malaysia also given a role, duties and rights. The study was conducted on Managing Director in Syarikat Faiza Sdn Bhd., due to her business is developed and long-lasting. Therefore, this study will try to look at the characteristics possessed by her as well as in its business practices.
Women Entrepreneurs and Social Entrepreneurs (of Nepal)Smriti Shrestha
List out some of Nepali Social Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurs, Social Enterprises and Entrepreneurial journey of Laxmi Sharma(1st Tempo Driver of Nepal).
Women constitute around half of the total world population. So is in India also. They are therefore regarded as the better half of the society. In traditional societies, they were confined to the four walls of houses performing household activities.
OP4.com aims to be the premier youth site in North America through proprietary content. It has 3 sections: forums, entertainment reviews, and self-help articles. The culture emphasizes teamwork, flexibility, and praise over punishment. Founders Ray Matthews and Stuart Saunders each play key roles in vision and operations. As profitability is pursued, Matthews asks leaders to review the vision and transition to generating their own revenue streams while maintaining the unique culture.
The document discusses Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), defining it as companies integrating social and environmental concerns into their business operations and interactions. CSR aims to balance economic, environmental and social impacts while addressing shareholder and stakeholder expectations. Key aspects of CSR discussed include responsibility, accountability, sustainability, and using a triple bottom line approach measuring financial, social and environmental performance. The document also outlines the scope of CSR activities and some common CSR programs implemented by companies.
Women entrepreneurs are defined as women who initiate, organize, and operate a business enterprise in which they have at least 51% ownership and control. They face challenges such as balancing family responsibilities with business and overcoming social beliefs, but they possess qualities like ambition, hard work, optimism, and a drive to succeed. The most daunting challenge is operating in a male-dominated society which can impose social issues and expectations on women.
Eva Law, Chairman of the Association of Private Bankers in Greater China Region and Association of Family Offices in Asia, discusses how family offices can better serve wealthy families in China. She notes that Chinese families want to preserve their assets and grow their businesses, not just financial assets. To gain clients' trust, family offices need to provide a range of services to support clients' diverse needs rather than constantly selling solutions. Law also emphasizes that family offices must help families address issues like intergenerational business transfers and wealth management to capture China's growing private wealth. Cultural differences mean the Western family office model cannot simply be replicated in China.
This document provides an outline of topics covered in a course on business ethics and corporate social responsibility. The topics include: an introduction to business ethics concepts; approaches to business ethics like utilitarianism and deontology; Gandhian principles of trusteeship and nonviolence; ethics in different business functions; corporate governance regulations and principles; the concept and importance of corporate social responsibility; implementing corporate social responsibility; and relating CSR to sustainable development and stakeholders.
Designing "Women Entrepreneurship" Programs Community of Practice Session - U...Rami Al-Karmi
Slides used during the "Designing Women Entrepreneurship" Community of Practice Session - by USAID Takamol Gender Program to USAID implementing partners at ZAIN Innovation Campus.
The 10 most successful shepreneurs to watch in 2019Swiftnlift
Shepreneurs are driving change in various sectors, businesses, and industries, and rightfully deserve to be celebrated. The day is also a reminder that we need to foster talent and help enable women from all across the globe, from different strata and backgrounds into the arena.
‘In this special issue, we introduce 10 most promising shepreneurs to watch in 2019 in order to assist business to choose the right companies. We have featured shepreneurs as the cover story. It specializes in the use of emerging techniques and practice for developing nation.
We have introduced profiles of Spabreaks, Intengine, Pheiff Group Inc, Connected Living, N-able Plus Co.Ltd, Elemed, WomenInTrucking, gracious, Joelle Group, CEDEM AG.
Our in-house editors have come up with some adroitly written articles such as –Women, entrepreneurship & empowerment through self-actualization, shoutout to the leader of tomorrow, the women who dared to dream, How Can Entrepreneurs Survive a Recession? Handle it like a Woman.
“There is no force more powerful than a women determined to rise”
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in India. It defines a woman entrepreneur as a confident and creative woman who can achieve economic independence through establishing and running an enterprise while balancing personal and family responsibilities. It describes the functions of women entrepreneurs as exploring new business opportunities, undertaking risks, innovating, and taking on leadership and administrative roles. It also outlines some of the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in India such as lack of access to finance, raw materials, mobility and male-dominated society. The document then profiles Ishrat Shahabuddin Shaikh, a widow from Mumbai who runs a successful hotel and school to support her five children after losing her husband in an accident.
Women entrepreneurs own and control businesses while maintaining at least 51% ownership. The document discusses the history and prominent figures of women entrepreneurs in India like Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw and Indra Nooyi. It also compares statistics of women entrepreneurs between India and other countries, noting India's percentage has increased but still lags behind places like the US and UK. Barriers to women entrepreneurship in India include male-dominated societies, lack of access to financing, and social/cultural restrictions. The government has implemented over 27 schemes through various ministries and programs to support women entrepreneurs in India.
Study of Corporate Social Responsibility in India and its impact on business ...Vishal Gupta
This project report explores corporate social responsibility (CSR) in India through a study of top Indian corporations. The report finds that while some corporations have structured CSR programs, many others take a more superficial approach. CSR activities commonly include partnering with NGOs, funding education and healthcare initiatives, and engaging with local communities. The government also influences CSR through new regulations requiring large companies to dedicate a percentage of profits to CSR. Overall, the study concludes that CSR benefits society through improved living conditions and entrepreneurship, benefits businesses by enhancing their reputation and opportunities in emerging markets, and benefits the government by supporting social development goals.
Women entrepreneurship, the Nigerian police officers wives context.iyke ezeugo
Women entrepreneurship, the Nigerian police officers wives context is presentation by Iyke Ezeugo, the Brekete Family Consultant in Business Development and Strategy. The presentation was at women empowerment workshop organized in September 2015 for the Nigerian Police Officers’ wives by Mrs. Patience Inalegwu, the wife of the FCT Commissioner of Police, Mr. Wilson Inalegwu. This paper is focused on inspiring and motivating women (particularly Nigerian Police Officers’ wives) to imbibe the spirit of entrepreneurship for enhancing their economic powers with the aim of helping them to become economic independence through engagement in lawful business activities to support their families. It was an interactive workshop, emphases were laid on the need to carefully observe your environment for services /products'' supply gaps and the business opportunities these create for entrepreneurial activities. Also, the challenges of dealing with business failure and overcoming the attendant frustrations were dealt with in addition to overcoming the issues of lack of capital or where to start from.
Bangladesh has enormous young women and productive workforce that will get an opportunity to involve in Small
and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector. This paper aims to investigate the factors that affect women involvement as
entrepreneur in SMEs sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction in Bangladesh. The study
adopts the quantitative analysis of possible factors that may affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs
sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction. By using Convenient Sampling Technique, the
data has been collected from 300 respondents. Data are analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation and
regression analysis. From the outcomes of descriptive statistics analysis, the study is found that business experience,
business plan, practical knowledge, security, interest & hobby, others business house profits, adequate capital,
business registration procedures, qualified leaders & trainers, and bank & financial institutions support are affected
women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs sector. From the results of regression analysis, this research is found
that economical, psychological, knowledge & skills, family, and legal & administrative as the essential factors,
which significantly affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs sector in Bangladesh. The research is
revealed that women entrepreneur, long-term business success and employment creation as the vital factors, which
notably affect economic development. The study is also revealed that economic development as the critical factor,
which considerably affects poverty reduction. This examination may contribute to these women entrepreneur issues.
The results of this investigation can be applied by government and non-government organization, public institutions,
rural development academy, policymakers and even researchers to inspire women involvement as entrepreneur in
SMEs sector. The researchers strongly expect that this investigation creates value to the literature because it uses a
conceptual framework to give explanation the factors that affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs
sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction in Bangladesh.
The document discusses the case of Nilam Patnekar, a woman who started her own hardware business called Sonica Industries and became a millionaire by age 28. It notes that while she had a family background in business, managing both the business and a family was challenging. The document then asks why more women are choosing entrepreneurship over traditional careers, profiling opportunities and advantages of unusual business ventures despite potential disadvantages like family conflicts or lack of support. It concludes that while entrepreneurship allows women to utilize their skills and gain independence, developing strong entrepreneurial traits is important for women business owners to sustain success.
The document discusses Indian values and ethics, as well as concepts like total quality management from an Indian perspective. It provides definitions of ethics and different views on ethics like utilitarianism. It also covers Indian models of management, parameters like delegation of authority, and concepts such as work ethos and heritage views on production and consumption. Total quality management principles including continuous improvement and customer orientation are explained.
This document summarizes a study on fostering entrepreneurship education in South Africa through the Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs). It finds that while South Africa has many programs to develop entrepreneurship, unemployment remains high due to a lack of new business creation and business growth. The study investigates interventions by the South African government to support entrepreneurship through agencies like SETAs. It identifies challenges like poor policy development, operational difficulties, and issues with pedagogy. The study suggests a model for SETAs and other agencies to improve entrepreneurship training and development.
This document discusses managing a multi-generational workforce. It defines five generations currently in the workforce - Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. Each generation has different work perspectives and experiences that affect how they view their work. Managing a multi-generational workforce can be challenging due to differing views between generations but organizations that capitalize on the strengths of each generation can gain a competitive advantage. The document recommends that leaders enhance their understanding of generational characteristics to effectively engage all generations in the workplace.
Indian Ethos and Values (Business Ethics) - BAFJay Mehta
The document discusses Indian ethics and values, as well as total quality management from an Indian perspective. It defines ethics and different views on ethics. It also discusses Indian models of management in socio-political environments. It then covers Indian heritage perspectives on production, consumption, and other economic activities. Finally, it outlines the principles and guiding factors of total quality management from an Indian insight.
Dominique Sharp is seeking an accounting position that utilizes her skills and training. She has a Bachelor's degree in accounting from the University of Memphis and over 5 years of relevant work experience in accounting, administration, customer service, and data entry roles. Her experience includes positions as an administrative assistant, accounting clerk, collections specialist, billing specialist, desk attendant, server, package handler, and data entry clerk. She has strong skills in areas like customer service, leadership, critical thinking, time management, and Microsoft Office.
The Characteristics of Muslim Woman Entrepreneur: A Study of Managing Directo...inventionjournals
Most scientific papers and academic articles emphasized the concept, principles, values and characteristics of Islamic entrepreneurship. Few of researcher try to analyze the attitudes and experiences and practices of Islam, particularly, among women entrepreneurs. Thus, this paper will attempt to show Islam entrepreneurial practices and how these practices are implemented by Muslim women entrepreneurs through the methodology proposed in this paper. Sources of information are reading literature especially the translated version of Qur'an and other materials on entrepreneurs. Islam is not against women working or contributing their worth in business. Muslim women in Malaysia also given a role, duties and rights. The study was conducted on Managing Director in Syarikat Faiza Sdn Bhd., due to her business is developed and long-lasting. Therefore, this study will try to look at the characteristics possessed by her as well as in its business practices.
Women Entrepreneurs and Social Entrepreneurs (of Nepal)Smriti Shrestha
List out some of Nepali Social Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurs, Social Enterprises and Entrepreneurial journey of Laxmi Sharma(1st Tempo Driver of Nepal).
Women constitute around half of the total world population. So is in India also. They are therefore regarded as the better half of the society. In traditional societies, they were confined to the four walls of houses performing household activities.
OP4.com aims to be the premier youth site in North America through proprietary content. It has 3 sections: forums, entertainment reviews, and self-help articles. The culture emphasizes teamwork, flexibility, and praise over punishment. Founders Ray Matthews and Stuart Saunders each play key roles in vision and operations. As profitability is pursued, Matthews asks leaders to review the vision and transition to generating their own revenue streams while maintaining the unique culture.
The document discusses Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), defining it as companies integrating social and environmental concerns into their business operations and interactions. CSR aims to balance economic, environmental and social impacts while addressing shareholder and stakeholder expectations. Key aspects of CSR discussed include responsibility, accountability, sustainability, and using a triple bottom line approach measuring financial, social and environmental performance. The document also outlines the scope of CSR activities and some common CSR programs implemented by companies.
Women entrepreneurs are defined as women who initiate, organize, and operate a business enterprise in which they have at least 51% ownership and control. They face challenges such as balancing family responsibilities with business and overcoming social beliefs, but they possess qualities like ambition, hard work, optimism, and a drive to succeed. The most daunting challenge is operating in a male-dominated society which can impose social issues and expectations on women.
Eva Law, Chairman of the Association of Private Bankers in Greater China Region and Association of Family Offices in Asia, discusses how family offices can better serve wealthy families in China. She notes that Chinese families want to preserve their assets and grow their businesses, not just financial assets. To gain clients' trust, family offices need to provide a range of services to support clients' diverse needs rather than constantly selling solutions. Law also emphasizes that family offices must help families address issues like intergenerational business transfers and wealth management to capture China's growing private wealth. Cultural differences mean the Western family office model cannot simply be replicated in China.
This document provides an outline of topics covered in a course on business ethics and corporate social responsibility. The topics include: an introduction to business ethics concepts; approaches to business ethics like utilitarianism and deontology; Gandhian principles of trusteeship and nonviolence; ethics in different business functions; corporate governance regulations and principles; the concept and importance of corporate social responsibility; implementing corporate social responsibility; and relating CSR to sustainable development and stakeholders.
Designing "Women Entrepreneurship" Programs Community of Practice Session - U...Rami Al-Karmi
Slides used during the "Designing Women Entrepreneurship" Community of Practice Session - by USAID Takamol Gender Program to USAID implementing partners at ZAIN Innovation Campus.
The 10 most successful shepreneurs to watch in 2019Swiftnlift
Shepreneurs are driving change in various sectors, businesses, and industries, and rightfully deserve to be celebrated. The day is also a reminder that we need to foster talent and help enable women from all across the globe, from different strata and backgrounds into the arena.
‘In this special issue, we introduce 10 most promising shepreneurs to watch in 2019 in order to assist business to choose the right companies. We have featured shepreneurs as the cover story. It specializes in the use of emerging techniques and practice for developing nation.
We have introduced profiles of Spabreaks, Intengine, Pheiff Group Inc, Connected Living, N-able Plus Co.Ltd, Elemed, WomenInTrucking, gracious, Joelle Group, CEDEM AG.
Our in-house editors have come up with some adroitly written articles such as –Women, entrepreneurship & empowerment through self-actualization, shoutout to the leader of tomorrow, the women who dared to dream, How Can Entrepreneurs Survive a Recession? Handle it like a Woman.
“There is no force more powerful than a women determined to rise”
The document discusses women entrepreneurship in India. It defines a woman entrepreneur as a confident and creative woman who can achieve economic independence through establishing and running an enterprise while balancing personal and family responsibilities. It describes the functions of women entrepreneurs as exploring new business opportunities, undertaking risks, innovating, and taking on leadership and administrative roles. It also outlines some of the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in India such as lack of access to finance, raw materials, mobility and male-dominated society. The document then profiles Ishrat Shahabuddin Shaikh, a widow from Mumbai who runs a successful hotel and school to support her five children after losing her husband in an accident.
Women entrepreneurs own and control businesses while maintaining at least 51% ownership. The document discusses the history and prominent figures of women entrepreneurs in India like Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw and Indra Nooyi. It also compares statistics of women entrepreneurs between India and other countries, noting India's percentage has increased but still lags behind places like the US and UK. Barriers to women entrepreneurship in India include male-dominated societies, lack of access to financing, and social/cultural restrictions. The government has implemented over 27 schemes through various ministries and programs to support women entrepreneurs in India.
Study of Corporate Social Responsibility in India and its impact on business ...Vishal Gupta
This project report explores corporate social responsibility (CSR) in India through a study of top Indian corporations. The report finds that while some corporations have structured CSR programs, many others take a more superficial approach. CSR activities commonly include partnering with NGOs, funding education and healthcare initiatives, and engaging with local communities. The government also influences CSR through new regulations requiring large companies to dedicate a percentage of profits to CSR. Overall, the study concludes that CSR benefits society through improved living conditions and entrepreneurship, benefits businesses by enhancing their reputation and opportunities in emerging markets, and benefits the government by supporting social development goals.
Women entrepreneurship, the Nigerian police officers wives context.iyke ezeugo
Women entrepreneurship, the Nigerian police officers wives context is presentation by Iyke Ezeugo, the Brekete Family Consultant in Business Development and Strategy. The presentation was at women empowerment workshop organized in September 2015 for the Nigerian Police Officers’ wives by Mrs. Patience Inalegwu, the wife of the FCT Commissioner of Police, Mr. Wilson Inalegwu. This paper is focused on inspiring and motivating women (particularly Nigerian Police Officers’ wives) to imbibe the spirit of entrepreneurship for enhancing their economic powers with the aim of helping them to become economic independence through engagement in lawful business activities to support their families. It was an interactive workshop, emphases were laid on the need to carefully observe your environment for services /products'' supply gaps and the business opportunities these create for entrepreneurial activities. Also, the challenges of dealing with business failure and overcoming the attendant frustrations were dealt with in addition to overcoming the issues of lack of capital or where to start from.
Bangladesh has enormous young women and productive workforce that will get an opportunity to involve in Small
and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector. This paper aims to investigate the factors that affect women involvement as
entrepreneur in SMEs sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction in Bangladesh. The study
adopts the quantitative analysis of possible factors that may affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs
sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction. By using Convenient Sampling Technique, the
data has been collected from 300 respondents. Data are analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation and
regression analysis. From the outcomes of descriptive statistics analysis, the study is found that business experience,
business plan, practical knowledge, security, interest & hobby, others business house profits, adequate capital,
business registration procedures, qualified leaders & trainers, and bank & financial institutions support are affected
women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs sector. From the results of regression analysis, this research is found
that economical, psychological, knowledge & skills, family, and legal & administrative as the essential factors,
which significantly affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs sector in Bangladesh. The research is
revealed that women entrepreneur, long-term business success and employment creation as the vital factors, which
notably affect economic development. The study is also revealed that economic development as the critical factor,
which considerably affects poverty reduction. This examination may contribute to these women entrepreneur issues.
The results of this investigation can be applied by government and non-government organization, public institutions,
rural development academy, policymakers and even researchers to inspire women involvement as entrepreneur in
SMEs sector. The researchers strongly expect that this investigation creates value to the literature because it uses a
conceptual framework to give explanation the factors that affect women involvement as entrepreneur in SMEs
sector, economic development and its impact on poverty reduction in Bangladesh.
The document discusses the case of Nilam Patnekar, a woman who started her own hardware business called Sonica Industries and became a millionaire by age 28. It notes that while she had a family background in business, managing both the business and a family was challenging. The document then asks why more women are choosing entrepreneurship over traditional careers, profiling opportunities and advantages of unusual business ventures despite potential disadvantages like family conflicts or lack of support. It concludes that while entrepreneurship allows women to utilize their skills and gain independence, developing strong entrepreneurial traits is important for women business owners to sustain success.
The document discusses Indian values and ethics, as well as concepts like total quality management from an Indian perspective. It provides definitions of ethics and different views on ethics like utilitarianism. It also covers Indian models of management, parameters like delegation of authority, and concepts such as work ethos and heritage views on production and consumption. Total quality management principles including continuous improvement and customer orientation are explained.
This document summarizes a study on fostering entrepreneurship education in South Africa through the Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs). It finds that while South Africa has many programs to develop entrepreneurship, unemployment remains high due to a lack of new business creation and business growth. The study investigates interventions by the South African government to support entrepreneurship through agencies like SETAs. It identifies challenges like poor policy development, operational difficulties, and issues with pedagogy. The study suggests a model for SETAs and other agencies to improve entrepreneurship training and development.
This document discusses managing a multi-generational workforce. It defines five generations currently in the workforce - Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. Each generation has different work perspectives and experiences that affect how they view their work. Managing a multi-generational workforce can be challenging due to differing views between generations but organizations that capitalize on the strengths of each generation can gain a competitive advantage. The document recommends that leaders enhance their understanding of generational characteristics to effectively engage all generations in the workplace.
Indian Ethos and Values (Business Ethics) - BAFJay Mehta
The document discusses Indian ethics and values, as well as total quality management from an Indian perspective. It defines ethics and different views on ethics. It also discusses Indian models of management in socio-political environments. It then covers Indian heritage perspectives on production, consumption, and other economic activities. Finally, it outlines the principles and guiding factors of total quality management from an Indian insight.
Dominique Sharp is seeking an accounting position that utilizes her skills and training. She has a Bachelor's degree in accounting from the University of Memphis and over 5 years of relevant work experience in accounting, administration, customer service, and data entry roles. Her experience includes positions as an administrative assistant, accounting clerk, collections specialist, billing specialist, desk attendant, server, package handler, and data entry clerk. She has strong skills in areas like customer service, leadership, critical thinking, time management, and Microsoft Office.
Kristin Tran has over 10 years of experience in marketing and community management. She currently works as a Marketing Analyst for eCairn inc., where she leads projects, produces reports for Fortune 500 clients, co-writes case studies, and manages data and content marketing. Previously, she was a Community Manager for eCairn inc., where she increased website traffic and conversions through social media campaigns. She also has experience managing peer mentor programs and orienting students as a teaching assistant and orientation leader during her time at University of California, Merced, where she studied Business Management and Psychology.
This short document provides two photos and encourages the reader to create their own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare. The photos are credited to Ed Yourdon and WanderingtheWorld from www.ChrisFord.com. The reader is prompted to get started making their own presentation.
GHV Webinar 1 - Challenges in Raising Series AGHV Accelerator
Are you a startup gearing up for Series A funding? Or are you a startup that tried and failed? Either way, hear the experts share their views on what could go or could have gone wrong.
For insights and perspectives from Vikram Upadhyaya and Deepak Srinath – Mentors who have helped startups reach and close Series A, and beyond
Pin vs. Pout Correlation Solution - Curve AlignmentMing Jiang
This document describes a method for correlating Pin vs. Pout curves from two different RF testing platforms. It involves aligning the compression points (P1dB) of the curves and then offsetting the Pin values to minimize the standard deviation of the relative Pout differences across a given range. The Pin values from one platform are swept in small increments and the relative Pout differences from the other platform are calculated at each Pin value. The Pin offset that results in the lowest standard deviation of the relative Pout differences is selected to correlate the two curves.
HPE has introduced a really cool new 10GbE adapter for HPE ProLiant and Apollo servers. The HPE FlexFabric 10Gb 4-port 536FLR-T Adapter is the next iteration of the HPE 10Gb Flexible Network Adapters from QLogic.
This document provides an overview of entrepreneurship. It defines entrepreneurship as activities carried out by a person to establish and run business enterprises according to changing social, political and economic environments. Entrepreneurship development is influenced by psychological traits like achievement motivation, sociological traits, and economic factors in a region. The document discusses different concepts of entrepreneurial traits and provides a definition of entrepreneurship. It explains that entrepreneurship development activities are multiplying due to changes in the liberalized economy.
The document discusses the importance of business in Islam according to the Quran and hadith. It summarizes the importance of business for individuals, society, and the Muslim community. For individuals, business allows generating income and developing good character. For society, it reduces unemployment and encourages productivity. For the Muslim community, it spreads Islamic messages and strengthens the economy. The document also outlines guidelines for successful Muslim business, including strengthening one's spirituality with knowledge, intention, and manners, as well as obeying obligations like honesty and avoiding prohibitions like interest and injustice.
What's on the horizon for islamic finance article in ift oct 2016Joy Abdullah
With the rapid growth of Islamic finance there looms issues that have the potential of disrupting the current business models in play in the industry. This article explores 5 of these issues.
One of the paradoxes of business today is that the most profitable businesses in the world are not those which are the most profit-focused. Substantial research has consistently shown that purpose-driven organisations generate far more returns as compared to profit-driven organisations.
Corporate governance refers to the set of relationships between a company's management, board, shareholders, and other stakeholders. It provides the framework for achieving business objectives while balancing various stakeholder interests through transparency, accountability, and fairness. Good corporate governance encourages efficient use of resources and accountability to improve corporate performance and access to capital. It benefits companies and economies by promoting sustained economic growth and poverty reduction. In Pakistan, corporate governance codes aim to strengthen protections for minority shareholders and require transparency, accountability, and board independence to better safeguard stakeholder interests.
This document provides an overview of the business environment syllabus for a course. It covers topics such as the concept of business environment, types of economic systems and political environments, economic transition and globalization in India, consumer rights and business ethics, business law, and company law. The syllabus aims to educate students on how businesses operate within various internal and external factors that make up the overall business environment. It includes economic, political, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors that influence organizational functions and decision making. Suggested readings on business environment and related topics are also provided.
The document discusses value-based management as an alternative to profit-driven businesses. It provides context on the historical development of value-based management from implicit practices in the 1800s to its more explicit use today. The key aspects of value-based management are described, including managing for the values of stakeholders like employees, customers, communities and more, not just shareholders. The implementation process is also summarized, including gaining commitment, customizing the framework, and making it a core part of the organizational culture.
Can islamic finance show its economic and societal value?Joy Abdullah
This article aims to highlight the need to strategically re-focus the purpose of Islamic finance by highlighting the economic and social benefits.
The article is on Page 6-7.
The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a health care risk maMargenePurnell14
The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a health care risk management program.
Conduct research on approaches to risk management processes, policies, and concerns in your current or anticipated professional arena to find an example of a risk management plan. Look for a plan with sufficient content to be able to complete this assignment successfully. In a 1,000‐1,250-word paper, provide an analysis of the risk management plan that includes the following:
.
Summary of the type of risk management plan you selected (new employee, specific audience, community‐focused, etc.) and your rationale for selecting that example. Describe the health care organization to which the plan applies and the role risk management plays in that setting.
.
.
Description of the standard administrative steps and processes in a typical health care organization's risk management program compared to the administrative steps and processes you identify in your selected example plan. (Note: For standard risk management policies and procedures, look up the MIPPA-approved accrediting body that regulates the risk management standards in your chosen health care sector, and consider federal, state, and local statutes as well.)
.
.
Analysis of the key agencies and organizations that regulate the administration of safe health care in your area of concentration and an evaluation of the roles each one plays in the risk management oversight process.
.
.
Evaluation of your selected risk management plan's compliance with the standards of its corresponding MIPPA-approved accrediting body relevant to privacy, health care worker safety, and patient safety.
.
.
Proposed recommendations or changes you would implement in your risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure the aforementioned compliance standards.
.
APA ,required to support your analysis with a minimum of three peer‐reviewed references.
1.
Global Leadership 2019-2020
Under Guidance from Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan
LDR 6145
Northeastern University
Table of Contents
Global Leadership Success Through Emotional and Cultural Intelligences.....................................5
The Global Leadership of Carlos Ghosn at Nissan.........................................................................17
Gojo Industries: Aiming for Global Sustainability Leadership.........................................................29
Leadership in a Globalizing World..................................................................................................41
Regional Strategies for Global Leadership.....................................................................................85
Rising Costs of Bad Leadership.....................................................................................................99
Learning to Manage Global Innovation Projects...........................................................................103
Global Leadership 2019-2020 LDR 6145
Under Guidance ...
Report on entrepreneurship karan sharmaNaveen Kumar
The document is a project report on entrepreneurship in India submitted by Karan Sharma. It discusses various factors related to entrepreneurship including what motivates entrepreneurs, socio-cultural factors, access to finance, education and innovation, and the business environment. The report finds that the principal motivation for entrepreneurs is the challenge of starting a new business. It also notes the importance of family support for entrepreneurs and the various sources of financing used, including self-financing. The report recommends recognizing and rewarding entrepreneurs to encourage more people to start businesses.
This document contains an assignment response from a student with roll number AM552472.
In the first question, the student defines and compares the roles of an entrepreneur and a manager. The student then explains how entrepreneurship can help reduce social disparity and increase economic growth by providing opportunities for low-income individuals.
The second question discusses whether an entrepreneur's main focus should only be on economic growth, arguing that this focus is not ethically appropriate. The response outlines seven levels of responsibility for an effective business ethics program.
The final question discusses the importance of international entrepreneurship and ways for entering international markets, including addressing opportunities from globalization, universal products/services, reducing costs, and growth/employment.
This document provides information about supporting women entrepreneurs and growing their businesses. It discusses how women start businesses at higher rates than men in Canada but men are more likely to grow them. The barriers women face in expanding their businesses are also examined. Examples are given of programs around the world that aim to help women in the "missing middle" - those with established small businesses looking to grow further. These programs provide coaching, networking, and advice. The document argues that supporting women entrepreneurs benefits credit unions, businesses, and the overall economy.
Commerce, Economic Activity, Non-Economic Activity, Primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector, The difference between trade and Industry, the comparison between Business, Profession and Employment.
Mile Future Of Executive Development At The Muslim And Arab Worldmilemadinah
This presentation highlights the immense leadership deficit that our region suffers from. It also demonstrates how our educational and training institutions, both at corporate and government levels, fall short in catering for the enormous leadership development requirements in the region. The presentation sheds the light on a new strategic initiative to establish a world-class executive and leadership development institution which aims at bridging this gap. The initiative aims at building local intellectual capital and is based on a sustainable business model that ensures sustainability and provision of high quality, affordable and relevant life-long development opportunities to our future business leaders. The Madinah Institute for Leadership and Entrepreneurship (MILE) was initiated as one of Savola Group’s CSR programs. MILE is a non-profit organization and will be established at the heart of the Arab and Muslim World at the Madinah Knowledge Economic City. MILE’s first pilot program which attracted more than 150 senior executives from 16 countries has provided a strong evidence of the viability of the proposed model.
This document provides an overview of entrepreneurship development. It discusses the need and significance of entrepreneurship development in a global context. Entrepreneurship development programs aim to develop entrepreneurial qualities, motivate achievement, and enable participants to start their own businesses. The document outlines the typical objectives, content, and misconceptions of entrepreneurship development programs. It also discusses different target groups for these programs and the role of entrepreneurs in economic development, with the state playing an important supporting role.
The objective of the paper is to provide an in depth analysis of the concept of intrapreneurship and
how it is a leeway to the success of small-scale businesses in South East Nigeria. Extant literature were reviewed
and the theoretical framework is anchored on the psychological innovation entrepreneurship theory propounded
by Schumpeter in1938 in which he describes the entrepreneur as one forsaking well-trodden paths to open up
new territory and as turning dreams into reality. A structured questionnaire that gauged the structure; size,
control, organizational and communications levels of Small Scale Businesses, in relation with intrapreneurship
was developed and administered to small scale businesses. Data collected were analysed using the Pearson‟s
product moment correlation, t-test and three (3) simple regression models. Also to show that the data satisfies the
conditions for parametric analysis, the F-Statistic linearity test and Shapiro-Wilk‟s test of normality was also
conducted using the SPSS version 20.0. However, from the data analysis, it was found that small-scale business
growth is enhanced through intrapreneurship activities. Consequently it is recommended that small-scale owners
should engage people with entrepreneurship orientations.
Leadership development needs of the business.pdfAshrafElmougi
The document discusses the increasing demands and challenges of leadership in today's complex business world. It argues that leadership requires not just competence but strong ethics and character. Leaders must be able to lead both within formal structures and through informal influence outside of direct authority. They must also develop a culture that fosters leadership at all levels to prepare organizations for an uncertain future. Business schools need to better integrate ethics and prepare students for leading in this global, diverse environment.
The document discusses the challenges facing global managers in today's increasingly globalized business environment. It notes that global managers must develop skills in several key areas, including learning about different cultures and how to work successfully across cultures, developing cross-cultural communication skills, and understanding leadership processes across cultures. Global managers also need to understand how cultural differences can influence employee motivation and develop effective negotiating skills to build global partnerships. The challenges reflect the complex realities managers face in operating in turbulent and interconnected global markets about which they often have little understanding.
Enterpreneurship Management of Linc pen finalJiten Menghani
This document is a project report submitted by a student for their M.Com degree. It includes sections on the history and background of entrepreneurship, characteristics of successful entrepreneurs, and an introduction to the company Linc and the stationery industry. The student declares that the information in the report is true and acknowledges those who helped with the project, including their university, principal, project guide, and library. The table of contents outlines sections on Linc's business strategies, challenges, financial performance, and conclusion.
Similar to BAF-M.Rastegary-24042016-presentation (20)
This paper proposes use of Aerosol MAG technology as an effective solution for fire fighting in maritime Dangerous Goods cargoes. The paper was presented in the first national conference on Maritime Passive Defense and published in issue no.2 of Maritime Transport Journal.
Slices from a maritme cake overview on the maritime transport network in pers...Mehdi Rastegary
In this article the authors have studied the eight segments of the regional maritime transport markets in nine littoral states in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea by reference to the data of arriving ships into these states' ports in 2018. The authors also outline the major trends affecting the outlook of Iranian ports in this region and should be considered to compensate the divergence from the targeted goals in the coming years. Tarabarn Monthly Magazine, Issue no. 173, Feb.2020.
This paper provides a brief overview on my understanding of the smart port concept and the role of advanced intelligence in developing a smart port. The article has been published in Marine Innovation Shipping quarterly issue no.15, March 2020.
Maritime transport systems and the 4th industrial revolution in the third mil...Mehdi Rastegary
In this article, I have discussed my viewpoints on the intersecting occurrences of 3rd millennium challenges, 4th industrial revolution, and the emerging trends in the maritime transport systems. The article was published in Marine Innovation Quarterly Magazine, issue no.14, Dec.2019
Maritime transport systems and the 4th industrial revolution in the third mil...Mehdi Rastegary
The Persian version of my formerly published article, in which I have discussed my viewpoints on the intersecting occurrences of 3rd millennium challenges, 4th industrial revolution, and the emerging trends in the maritime transport systems. The article was published in issue no.257 of Payam Darya Shipping Magazine published in March 2020.
The Capacities and Capabiliites of Persian gulf ports study in 2017Mehdi Rastegary
This work was presented in 30th meeting of Iranian Ports and Maritime Organization's Think Tank in Oct.2017. It can be downloaded from the following hyperlink in PMO's official website:
http://www.pmo.ir/fa/filepool2/download/b9c88300311edd55ffee4a2097e48671d60eee51ae2e2c6db1f6b35e833c3aa2
The Emergence of Smart Ports and Their Impactful ImplicationsMehdi Rastegary
This document discusses the emergence of smart ports and their implications. It begins by outlining challenges currently facing ports, including ship size growth and increased competition. New technologies like the Internet of Things, big data, and port automation are transforming the ports industry. These technologies can help ports improve productivity, decision making, and develop new services. The concept of a "smart port" is introduced, which relies on an intelligent information infrastructure to optimize operations, environmental impact, and energy consumption through integration of management areas. The document concludes that smart ports represent a new way of thinking that can help ports develop their intellectual capital and structural resources through information technologies.
Iran has a large and diverse economy due to its population size and natural resources. As the largest country in the Middle East and Central Asia, Iran has an educated workforce and is a major global producer and reserve holder of oil and natural gas. Iran also has significant mineral reserves and a diverse industrial base across over 40 industries such as automotive, petrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Agriculture is also a major part of Iran's economy. Despite international sanctions over the past 30 years, Iran remains an economic power in the region with abundant resources and opportunities.
1. أ ُُكهلَعهل اًريِثَك َهاَّلل واُرُكأاذَو ِ هاَّلل ِل أضَف نِم اوُغَتأباَو ِضأرَ أاْل ِِف واُ ِِشَتناَفَونُحِلأفُت﴿امجلعة-10﴾
Disperse in the land and seek of Allah‟s Grace, and remember Allah often,
so that you may prosper. (Holy Quran. 62:10)
2. By:
Mehdi Rastegary
Head of R&D– Sina Portsand Marine Services Co.
Batoul Dehdashti
MBA Graduate
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business
Administration: An Islamic Approach
3. Page : 3 Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
Place of Business in Modern Economy
• Within te past 400 years, the Economy of in human
societies have been exceedingly depending on
businesses.
• Business has transformed to be the main vessel of
conducting commerce, industry, trade, and professional
works.
• In terms of global economy, businesses provide the
ground for supply of food, energy, clothes, health
services, education and training, construction, welfare
services, and all other required elements for modern life.
• Nowadays, development of business and level of its
facilitation in the society is among the most important
indicators of economic development of nations and
their competitiveness.
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
4. Role of Business Administrator in Modern Society
The business Administrators, as the individuals in charge of
management of a business:
• Should be trusted by the owners of the business administered by them
• Represent their business in the society by their traits, behaviors, speaking,
and even appearance.
• Their decisions have critical impacts on preservation of the rights, interests,
and convenience of their business stakeholders ( including the staff, owners,
suppliers, customers and clients, consumers, neighbors, the coming
generations , etc.).
• Their job requires handling and solving sophisticated, unstructured
problems.
• They are usually lodged in the top levels of organizations (and higher classes
of the society) and their traits and behaviors are usually adopted as
standards or benchmarks by their staff and the society.
• They should develop the organizational culture and shape the corporate
values and norms.
Accordingly, we can say that Business Administrator's job:
• generates considerable value to individuals and society
• demands great knowledge and skills
• is charged with great ethical responsibility.
The add-up of these three attributes requires Business
Administration to be developed as a profession; a fact that
has been disregarded to the day. profession
Page : 4
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
5. Page : 5
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Professionalism
According to D. Soccia, professions are characterized by
following attributes ( Soccia, D., 2007):
• They require extensive training of an intellectual character..
• Their services are vital to society‟s well-being.
• Their practitioners usually have a high degree of autonomy in deciding
how to carry out their job.
• Practitioners must undergo a process of certification or licensing by the
state in order to be eligible to carry out certain tasks or provide certain
services.
• Professionals are usually organized in “societies” that promulgate “ethics
codes.”
Yet, two sets of myths have been coined to prevent the
professional developments in „Management‟ and „Business
Administration‟ occupations:
• Myths that underestimate the necessity of education for obtaining the
needed Wisdom, Knowledge and Skills as competences for Business
Administration.
• Myths that propose demoralization of businesses and their administration
process.
profession
6. Page : 6
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Anti-professionalism in Business Administration : First
MYTH
Within the past 200 years, under their understandable cynicism,
many Business owners used to urge that :
• The capabilities needed to administer a business are intrinsic. And can not
be learned.
• Or, they are only learned by experience in administering businesses, and
can not be educated.
By the first half of 20th century, many managers and scholars
came to shape and complement the body of management
knowledge ( including figures like F.W.Taylor, H.Fayol,
M.P.Follet, E. Mayo, L.Gulick, L.Urwick, D.McGregor, and
many more).
And in the early decades of 20th century, Schools of
Management were established throughout the world to transfer
the knowledge of Management to those in need of it..
After more than a century of establishment of Business
Schools and organizing tens of thousands of MBA
courses in worldwide level, today it is widely accepted that
a large part of knowledge and skills needed for
management and business administration can be learned
by education. Therefore The First MYTH is actually
dismissed.
7. Page : 7
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Anti-professionalism in Business Administration : Second
MYTH
The other myth stems from the belief to demoralization of
business.
This was foremost theorized by Adam Smith (entitled as
the Prophet of modern Economy). In his book, Wealth of
Nations (1776), he proposes that:
• Economic activity is driven by the interests of those involved in them,
and not by moral virtues.
• In description of the markets, he substitutes the Will of God ( as the
most determining power in Human life) with a „Hidden Hand‟ that
balances the demands and supplies.
• He describes „Man‟ as a „bargaining animal‟.
This was seen as a green light to enter into a new era in
which the modern economy is built on pillars of greed. The
myth was driven very further in theory and practice by the
owners of this economy.
The Business Demoralization Myth has been the
default principle of nearly any economic activity
throughout the world in the past 250 years. One of its
consequences has been frailty in professionalization of
Business Administrator’s job.
8. Page : 8
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Anti-professionalism in Business Administration : MYTH
No.2
The consequences of believing and practicing this myth has
been tragic:
• Businesses have been designed to protect the wealth of the rich and
increase it.
• Many of the colossal businesses and industries emerged to the harm
of the individuals, societies, and environment ( by causing moral
corruption, pollution, wastages, perversions,
• Most of such businesses and industries focused on induction of false
and demands in people ( e.g. profanity, hedonism, violence, addictions,
greed, wilderness, aggressiveness, ruthlessness, etc.)
• The moral degradation of societies led to greater disproportion in
distribution of wealth in the national and international levels; these
went on a negative loop in strengthening one another.
The palpable harms to humanity and the planet are incalculable,
including:
Numerous wars (as boosting businesses) with severe casualties and
destruction.
Gradual annihilation of basic social life constructs ( like family)
Overconsumption of natural resources (specially the non-
renewable ones).
Limitless pollution of the environment.
Ruining the basic ethical principles that ensured the well-being (
and welfare) of humans (in form of individuals and societies) in this
life and their afterlife, and substituting it with permissivim,
utililitarianism.
9. Page : 9
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Anti-professionalism in Business Administration : MYTH No.2
For demoralization of business, it was most necessary to demoralize the
job of the business administrator who was the leader, protector, and
developer of the business.
In this sense, they introduced a new order which was founded by
introduction of Capitalism as a new faith, heralded by Adam Smith‟s
prophecy. In this new faith:
• The individual and his/her interests are the pivot of the world.
• Interests (specially in form of Profit) are worshipped and consecrated as the ultimate
goal of activity (and life).
• Morality is senseless, especially in terms of protecting or maximizing one‟s interests.
• Every thing and every one is good and valuable as long as it serves one‟s interests,
and bad ( or worthless) if contradicting ( or not contributing to) them. Egoism is the
evaluation reference.
• Any thing that can contribute towards one‟s interest is permitted ( in terms of one‟s
conscience). This is legally also promoted by „Rule of Law‟ and maximum
deregulation of citizens‟ actions.
• Omnipotence of God is substituted by MARKET powers.
• „Man‟ is reduced to the level of a „bargaining animal‟.
• Politics is organized as „Laissez-Faire‟ to protect individuals from any kind of
initiation of force .
As apparently seen in the past century, principles like „rule of law‟ and
„Laissez-Faire‟ has been used to serve the rich individuals, rather than all
citizens.
10. Faith in Capitalism and its consequences
As cited, faith in Capitalism has caused several grave
problems in the world, including:
• Historical rise of systemic fraud in the business world.
• Extreme gap between the wealth of 1-percent top-rich
people with the wealth of the rest of the population of the
world.
• Development of Blood Businesses in the global war machine
context.
• Vanishing of the basic constructs of the human society.
• Supremacy of cults and sects in the human world.
• Dominance of poverty, hunger, war and suffering on the
majority of the world population.
• Entering into Anthropocene Age and unprecedented damage
to environment.
• Severe engineering trends to form the coming generations
towards more mundane life
• Consolidation of secularity in minds and lives of the majority
of human beings and their alienation with the roots of
morality.
• Raise of misleading, and non-balanced alternative spiritual
schools to fill the blank place of religion in humans‟ life.
• etc.
Page : 10
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
(b)
(a) OXFAM report on (a) Global distribution of
wealth between 2000-2014 (b) Projection of
global distribution of wealth to the end of 2010s
(Hardoon,D.,2015)
Percentage of births to unmarried women in developed
countries between 1980-2007 (Ventura, S.J., 2009)
11. Page : 11
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Demoralization of business: the effects on the Business Administrator
In the absence of morality, the business will be easily driven to the limits
of crime. The instances can be plainly seen in many businesses, most
obscenely in such permitted industries as:
• Tobacco industries
• Pornography Industries
• Alcoholic drinks Industries
• Soft Drinks Industries
• Warfare Production Industries
• Private Security Companies
• etc.
In a demoralized business, the business administrator ( and the other
managers) will have to think and act in ways that are contradictory to
moral common sense and human innate.
In short terms, this will lead to cognitive dissonance in the business
administrator.
In long term., this will drive the Business Administrators towards
spiritual metamorphosis.
In the generations that have come within the past 250 years, the
metamorphosis in the personality of businessmen has been revered as a
value in business administration.
12. Page : 12
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Professional Ethics in Business Administration
Professional Ethics is a set of professional rules and
protocols that are derived from ethical principles and are
accepted in a worldwide level.
They adjust the behaviors of the practitioners of
profession in their workplace and are seen as standard and
a guidance for interaction with people and institutes in
terms of their profession.
Professional ethics serves two main purposes:
• providing the maximum level of credibility between the
practitioners and stakeholders of a profession.
• provide a standard behavioral pattern throughout the
practitioners of the profession.
In the capitalist mindset, credibility of the Business
Administrator is not seen as a needed qualification of this
job to ensure infinite freedom to serve the greed .
In terms of behavioral standards, the values that shall be
complied by business administrator are targeted towards
maximization of profit with no requirements to
commitment to morality.
It is imperative to set ethical standards in Business
Administration job to lead it towards the true benefits
of the individuals, the society and her coming
generations.
13. Will Professionalism in Business Administration
guarantee morality in Business?
Even if professional ethical standards are set in Business
Administration, development of morality will be weak
because:
• such protocols in the businesses will be classified as symbolic
values in most firms, and will eventually act on the „Attitude‟
level, and will not penetrate and act in the „values‟ level.
• commitment to such standards will requires overlooking
existing colossal profits and benefits, which will be a great
impediment to their practice.
• Therefore, setting and implementation of ethical standards
can not guarantee the consolidation of morality into the „Basic
Underlying Assumptions‟ of the firm, and it can most
optimistically penetrate to the “Artifacts‟ and “Espoused
Values‟ levels of it.
In order to instill morality to business, a cultural
change is necessary in the firms and the society
levels.
Moreover, first of all we should determine which
ethics school is being referred to?
Page : 13
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
The professional ethics will not penetrate
into the levels of Values and Beliefs.
Articrafts
Espoused Values
Basic
Underlying
Assumptions
Three levels of Organizational Culture (Schine, E.H., 2004)
Anticipated Business Ethics
penetration
Optimistic View
More Optimistic View
14. Which ethical school can direct us to morality?
In order to define ethics for humankind, one should have
the following competences:
• Wisdom and complete understanding of human‟s existence
• Wisdom and Complete understanding of social relations.
• Wisdom and Complete understanding of all the phenomena in
the world that can influence humankind in the world, and
those that can be influenced by humans.
• Infallibility in formulating the morality and guiding the
humankind in its path.
In our paper, we have discussed very briefly that only
Abrahamic faiths claim such wisdom and knowledge,
and we have also proposed that such Wisdom is
purely found in the Islamic (Shiite) tradition.
We propose that the authentic Islamic Shiite
resources are studied and researched thoroughly for
obtaining a better understanding of its capacities for
moralizing the life of human and directing it towards
welfare and well-being.
Page : 14
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
15. Gratitude from
Allah Almighty
and asking for
Beatitude
Contribution of
part of one’s
earnings to Imam
(Proof of God)
Business
Administrator
Earning
Righteous
Livelihood for
one’s Family
Due Allocation
and
Consumption of
Halal Earnings
Acountability for
generating
Haram (evil) in
the world
Delivery of
rights of the
Business
Owners
Delivery of rights
of the customers
Responsibility
towards coming
Generations
Responsibility
towards welfare
and wellbeing of
Employees
Responsibility
towards
dependents of
one’s business
Responsibility
towards the
poor, needy,
neighbor, and
any living thing
or resources that
is affected
Page : 15
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Business Administration : the Islamic (Shiite) Scope
In Islam, any efforts of a person to provide the
livelihood of one‟s family ( and own) is revered like
pure prayers to Allah Almighty.
Among those who work, the businessman is esteemed
like a glorified friend of Allah Almighty.
A businessman is particularly responsible about the
way of earning his livelihood ( and fortune), its
allocation and consumption:
• He is responsible in front of Allah Almighty and his proof
in the world.
• He is responsible before all other humans that are
depending on, or affected by his business.
• He is responsible for all resources or beings used in terms
of making his earnings.
A (Shiite) Muslim is raised on such moral
teachings by his/her religion.
16. Business Administration : the Islamic (Shiite) view
Modernization of Islamic societies have been entailed by
replacements of the traditional economy-related institutions
with the modern ones; including:
• Corporations against shops
• Banks against exchange firms
• Financial markets against Bazaars.
• Universities against Seminaries
• and so on.
Development of the modern institutions have been syncretic,
and thus their functions are not domesticated.
Nowadays, both set of traditional and so-called modern
institutions are functioning in the society; though both are
different with what they are originally meant to be.
This has messed up the business models in Islamic societies;
and extensive work is needed to obtain the best achievable value
out of this juxtaposition.
In this regard, the authors present a Quranic model to
outline the way to moralize Business Administrators’ job.
Page : 16
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
17. Page : 17
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Business Administrator’s Faith (BAF) model
According to 103rd Surah in Quran, Human being is in
permanent loss except those who:
• Came to believe in Allah Almighty
• And did virtuous acts
• And invited to rectitude.
• And invited to patience
A virtuous action is a an action that consists of:
• Pure will for nearance to GOD
• Balance in conformation
• Appropriate timing
• Continuation of practice
Business Administrator‟s Faith (BAF) model inaugurates the
virtuous acts of the business Administrator on the pillars of:
• Faith in GOD
• Rectitude
• Patience
• Continuation of practice
These three factors interact with each other in three realms:
Divine Creation, Personal Life, and Career Realms.
18. Business Administrator’s Faith (BAF) model
The Virtuous Action in the Business Administrator‟s
Career life will simultaneously and synergistically
inaugurate:
Sustainable Development through:
• Economic Production
• Contribution to Social Justice
• And Environmental Protection.
Personal Worldly Gains:
• Wealth
• Fame
• and Power
Spiritual Gains:
• Development of Purity and Decency
• Proliferation of Real Values and Virtues
• Approach to Eternal Salvation
This model relies on personal development of individuals
in a society that is relying on Divine Beatitude and is a
field for proliferation of good .
Page : 18
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
19. Page : 19
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Business Administrator’s Faith (BAF) Model
The BAF model can be used to:
professionalize and moralize the business administration
job by outlining the KPIs of moralization of BA job for
planning, monitoring and control, and reporting the
performance of the Business Administrator.
define the expectations of the society from the business
administrator in his career
Educate the BAs and plan for their spiritual growth
evaluate the business administrator‟s success in the career
realm.
By practical experience of morality in each business unit, the
individuals and societies will be convinced of:
The real benefits of moral business practice in short-run
and long-run ( in comparison to the greed-centered model).
More businesses will join to the „Business Moralization
Movement‟.
This is where an all-encompassing model like BAF
will be most helpful in highlighting the humane values
in business.
20. Page : 20
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Conclusion
We discussed that:
Business is the vessel of modern economy and
human life in this world.
Business administration is a knowledge-
demanding, and value-adding job that is charged
with moral responsibility, and it needs to be
professionalized.
Two myths have obstructed the BA
professionalization :
• Myths that underestimate the necessity of
education for obtaining the needed Wisdom,
Knowledge and Skills as competences for Business
Administration.
• Myths that propose demoralization of businesses
and their administration process.
The first set of myths have been largely dismissed
by formation of Management Knowledge, and
establishment of Management Schools.
The second set of myths has been preserved and
strengthened as a founding pillar of Capitalistic
ideology.
21. Page : 21
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016
Conclusion
We further discussed that:
Some harms of demoralization of business:
• to the individuals, societies and the world .
• to the Business Administrator .
Professionalization of Business Administration is a
positive, and necessary step towards moralization of
business, but it is not solely adequate as it will not
provide the needed penetration of moral values in the
life of humans and organizations.
In both professionalization and moralization trends, it is
necessary to select an appropraite school of ethics, and
refer to it correctly:
• In our paper we have discussed that Islamic (Shiite)
Ethics is the right choice.
• We have proposed further studies in this regard.
• We also provided the different aspects of engagement in
a Business Administration job for an individual in the
light of Islamic Ethics teachings.
22. Conclusion
In light of Glorious Quran‟s wisdom, we introduced
Business Administrator‟s Faith (BAF) model that is
focused on inauguration of Virtuous Acts of the
Business Administrator and their worldly,
developmental, and spiritual effects in the world.
We discussed that BAF model can be used for
outlining the KPIs of moralization of BA job for
planning, monitoring and control, and reporting the
performance of the BA person to the all stakeholders
of a business firm in terms of professionalization and
moralization of the business administration job in a
business unit.
It can also be used for defining the expectations of
the society from the BA, education of BAs for Spiritual
growth of them, evaluation of the BA‟s success in his
career, and promotion and inviting the society to join
the Business Moralization Movement.
Page : 22
Ethics and Professional Ethics in Business Administration: An Islamic Approach
By : Mehdi Rastegary
Batoul Dehdashti
International Conference on
New Challenges in Management and Business: Organization and Leadership
Dubai – 2nd May 2016