This document appears to be an exam for a construction engineering course. It consists of 5 questions testing students' knowledge of various topics in construction. The questions cover topics such as construction project management roles and responsibilities, temporary structures like scaffolding and formwork, foundations, prestressed concrete, retaining walls, precast concrete, pavement construction, and bridge types. The exam is designed to evaluate students' understanding of key concepts and terminology in construction engineering.
The document describes the typical process for construction projects, which involves several key stages:
1) A need is identified, initial plans are developed, and a designer is selected.
2) Conceptual and final designs are created along with cost estimates. Bids are solicited from contractors.
3) A contractor is selected and construction begins according to the project plans.
4) Once completed, the facility is used and maintained over its lifespan.
This document provides guidelines for preparing standard bills of quantities for road projects in Abu Dhabi, UAE. It is divided into five chapters, with Chapter 5 focusing on work classification sections for the bill of quantities. These sections include lists of principal quantities, preambles, daywork schedules, work items divided into various parts, grand summaries, and schedules of rate breakdowns. The document aims to standardize bills of quantities based on the Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement to improve cost estimating precision and ensure consistent tender pricing.
This document provides an introduction to the role of a Quantity Surveyor (QS). It discusses that a QS calculates materials needed, manages construction costs, and works in private practice, for local authorities or contractors. A QS applies building economics at the planning stage, prepares bills of quantities from plans, analyzes tenders, and provides cost consulting. They are involved at various construction stages from estimating budgets to valuations. The document also discusses tenders, tender drawings, bills of quantities, construction drawings, and common building materials.
This document estimates the costs for excavation work, lean concrete, hardcore, and concrete work below the lowest floor level of a building. It includes calculations for the material and labor costs to excavate to reduce the ground level, excavate pits for pad footings and stumps, and excavate trenches for ground beams. It also includes cost estimates for lean concrete screeds under pad footings, ground beams, and the ground floor slab, as well as hardcore under these elements. Finally, it provides cost calculations for vibrated reinforced concrete in pad footings, column stumps, ground beams, and concrete beds at different thicknesses. The estimates are based on material quantities and unit rates, with allowances made for labor costs,
This document outlines information regarding a course on tender evaluation processes. It discusses the course objectives, which are to understand the tender evaluation process and criteria. It describes the typical evaluation process, which involves 6 stages from issuing the tender to acceptance of bids. It also outlines the criteria used, which differ based on project size. The document provides details on the typical information and documents required for bid submissions and evaluates the bidder. It describes the multi-stage evaluation process used to assess bids for compliance, completeness, financial capacity, and experience.
The document is the tender and contract conditions for the construction of a building in Liwan, Dubai. It includes instructions to tenderers on submitting the tender, requirements for site visits, and clarification of contract documents. The tender must include supporting documents such as proof of a site visit and a tender bond. The employer reserves the right to accept or reject any part of the tender. The tenderer is responsible for understanding all project requirements and conditions. No changes can be made to the tender documents except for filling in blanks.
The document describes the typical process for construction projects, which involves several key stages:
1) A need is identified, initial plans are developed, and a designer is selected.
2) Conceptual and final designs are created along with cost estimates. Bids are solicited from contractors.
3) A contractor is selected and construction begins according to the project plans.
4) Once completed, the facility is used and maintained over its lifespan.
This document provides guidelines for preparing standard bills of quantities for road projects in Abu Dhabi, UAE. It is divided into five chapters, with Chapter 5 focusing on work classification sections for the bill of quantities. These sections include lists of principal quantities, preambles, daywork schedules, work items divided into various parts, grand summaries, and schedules of rate breakdowns. The document aims to standardize bills of quantities based on the Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement to improve cost estimating precision and ensure consistent tender pricing.
This document provides an introduction to the role of a Quantity Surveyor (QS). It discusses that a QS calculates materials needed, manages construction costs, and works in private practice, for local authorities or contractors. A QS applies building economics at the planning stage, prepares bills of quantities from plans, analyzes tenders, and provides cost consulting. They are involved at various construction stages from estimating budgets to valuations. The document also discusses tenders, tender drawings, bills of quantities, construction drawings, and common building materials.
This document estimates the costs for excavation work, lean concrete, hardcore, and concrete work below the lowest floor level of a building. It includes calculations for the material and labor costs to excavate to reduce the ground level, excavate pits for pad footings and stumps, and excavate trenches for ground beams. It also includes cost estimates for lean concrete screeds under pad footings, ground beams, and the ground floor slab, as well as hardcore under these elements. Finally, it provides cost calculations for vibrated reinforced concrete in pad footings, column stumps, ground beams, and concrete beds at different thicknesses. The estimates are based on material quantities and unit rates, with allowances made for labor costs,
This document outlines information regarding a course on tender evaluation processes. It discusses the course objectives, which are to understand the tender evaluation process and criteria. It describes the typical evaluation process, which involves 6 stages from issuing the tender to acceptance of bids. It also outlines the criteria used, which differ based on project size. The document provides details on the typical information and documents required for bid submissions and evaluates the bidder. It describes the multi-stage evaluation process used to assess bids for compliance, completeness, financial capacity, and experience.
The document is the tender and contract conditions for the construction of a building in Liwan, Dubai. It includes instructions to tenderers on submitting the tender, requirements for site visits, and clarification of contract documents. The tender must include supporting documents such as proof of a site visit and a tender bond. The employer reserves the right to accept or reject any part of the tender. The tenderer is responsible for understanding all project requirements and conditions. No changes can be made to the tender documents except for filling in blanks.
This document provides an overview of earthwork planning, design, guidelines and regulatory requirements for a Bachelor of Civil Engineering course. It discusses definitions of earthwork, typical types of earthworks projects and problems associated with earthworks. It also outlines the objectives and content for the course, which will cover earthwork masterplanning, preliminary design, detail design, regulatory approvals, construction and post-construction stages. Design considerations like drainage, soil conditions, flood levels and slope stability are addressed. Methods for volume calculations and balancing cut and fill volumes are also summarized.
This document outlines the tender process for the construction of a 4-story commercial building. It includes 9 sections covering instructions, conditions, forms, specifications and drawings. Requirements include experience with similar projects of at least 1.2 crore BDT, an annual turnover of 1 crore BDT, and liquid assets of 80 lacs BDT. The tender submission deadline is November 12th, 2015. The opening will be on November 17th at the Executive Engineer's office. The performance security required is 10% of the contract price. The intended completion date for the project is November 5th, 2017.
This legal document is made publicly available in order to promote public education, safety, justice, an informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade, and world peace. It is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. This document is from the Federation of Malaysia and is an edict of the government.
Rate analysis and costing - Estimation, Costing and Valuation EngineeringShanmugasundaram N
Standard Data – Observed Data – Schedule of rates – Market rates – Standard Data for Man Hours and Machineries for common civil works – Rate Analysis for all Building works, canals, and Roads– Cost Estimates
1. This document provides a preamble and bill of quantities for geotechnical site investigation works.
2. It outlines rates for mobilization, equipment setup, boring, coring, sampling, in-situ tests, and instrumentation.
3. Tests mentioned include standard penetration tests, vane shear tests, plate bearing tests, footing tests, and pressuremeter tests. Rates are provided for work at various depths.
•What is Contract?
•What is Construction Contract?
•Purpose of Construction Contract
•Contract for Bid and Procurement
•Contract for Pricing Arrangement
•Construction Contract Component
•Contract Document List
•Standard Form of Contract in Malaysia
The document discusses the concepts of estimating, costing, technical sanction, administrative approval and budgetary provision as they relate to construction projects. It defines estimating as working out the approximate cost of a work by calculating quantities and costs, while costing determines the actual cost using measurement and abstract sheets. Technical sanction involves formal acceptance of the proposal and preliminary plans by competent authorities, and administrative approval provides budgetary provision for projects according to the 5-year plan after review.
Provisional sums are amounts included in a construction contract for work that is not fully defined at the time of tendering. There are two types: defined provisional sums where some information is provided, and undefined where minimal information is given. Contractors are expected to account for these sums in their programming and preliminaries. Provisional sums are expended through an architect's instruction and valued like a variation. Risks include the actual cost exceeding the amount allowed if the work changes from tender to completion. Prime cost sums are for nominated subcontractors or suppliers, and exclude any overhead and profit for the main contractor.
Construction Contracts Questions and Answers.pdfEyobMiteku
This document provides information about the third edition of the book "Construction Contracts: Questions and Answers" by David Chappell. It contains 225 frequently asked questions (FAQs) about construction law and contracts that the author has gathered over his career, with 50 new questions addressing recent legal changes. The questions cover a wide range of topics related to construction contracts, including extensions of time, liquidated damages, practical completion, defects, certification and payment. The document provides background on the author's expertise and experience in construction law and contracting.
The document discusses the tender process for construction projects. It involves project definition, selecting tenderers, issuing tender documentation, criteria for selection, calling for tenders, tender meetings, amendments, submission and closing, tender analysis of work experience, price, company finances and personnel, ongoing projects, and conformity to conditions. Selection criteria include conformity, capability, innovation, price and construction period. Tenders can be rejected for noncompliance, incomplete details, too high or low prices, too much work in progress, insufficient finances, or unsatisfactory records.
This seminar was part of the Bar Council practical construction law series presented by the Construction Law Committee to practitioners. It covers the topic of payments and common issues arising in the construction industry.
This document provides an internship presentation on quantity estimation for a building. It includes sections on estimation, essential qualities of a good estimator, types of estimates, methods for detailed estimates, descriptions of measurements for common items, and estimation of a sample building plan including foundations, walls, roof, and more. Calculations are shown for estimating quantities of various building components like brickwork, plastering, concrete work and more. The overall goal is to explain the process of estimating building costs through preparing preliminary and final estimates for a residential structure.
The document discusses various types of construction contracts including: lump sum contracts where the owner pays a specified amount upon completion; cost plus contracts where the owner pays the contractor's documented costs plus an additional fee; and integrated contracts where a single contractor is responsible for design and construction like design-build or turnkey contracts. Management contracts involve appointing a contractor to coordinate other subcontractors. Measurable and item rate contracts establish payment based on physical measurements or rates for units of work.
This document provides information on civil engineering measurement tasks. It discusses the need for a separate Standard Method of Measurement (SMM) for civil engineering works compared to building works. It illustrates key differences between bills of quantities for civil engineering and building projects. It includes a sample preliminaries bill and specification notes for a retaining wall project. The conclusion emphasizes that the Civil Engineering SMM provides a uniform basis for measurement and embraces good practice principles.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONTRACT FORM JKR 203A & PAMAnep Botak
The document compares differences between the JKR 203A and PAM forms of construction contracts. The key differences are:
- JKR 203A is used for public sector projects while PAM is used for private sector projects. PAM only covers building works while JKR covers all engineering works.
- The period for honoring interim certificates is 30 days for JKR 203A and 21 days for PAM 2006.
- The PAM 2006 contract, unlike previous versions and JKR 203A, contains provisions allowing contractors to suspend work if they face delayed or non-payment from the employer.
Earnest money is a monetary deposit paid by bidders to show their sincerity and good faith in a project. It aims to prevent bidders from withdrawing their bids before the validity period ends. Standard earnest money amounts are 2% of the estimated project cost for works costing up to Rs. 10 crores, and 1% of estimated cost plus Rs. 20 lakhs for higher value projects. Earnest money is refunded once the contract is awarded, or forfeited if the bidder withdraws during the validity period. The document discusses earnest money definitions, forms, amounts, refund processes, and treatments under different scenarios.
The document provides an introduction to the role of quantity surveyors in construction projects. It discusses that quantity surveyors are responsible for financial aspects of construction and provide various services throughout a project, including preparing initial budgets and cost estimates, tender documents, valuations of work, and final accounts. It also describes the different stages of a project where quantity surveyors are involved, such as pre-tender, tender, and post-tender stages, and the tasks performed during each stage.
The document provides information about a site investigation using a Mackintosh probe at a proposed school site. It includes an introduction to site investigations and the purpose of using a Mackintosh probe. Details are given about the equipment, procedures, and sample logs of penetration resistance readings from six probe locations. The conclusion compares the Mackintosh probe to JKR probes and notes limitations of the Mackintosh probe. References for further information are also included.
The document outlines a 4-year Marine Engineering curriculum that includes courses in seamanship, navigation, thermodynamics, strength of materials, electrical engineering, and more. In years 1 and 2, students take foundational courses in mathematics, physics, engineering mechanics, and workshops. Years 3 and 4 focus on more advanced topics like material science, marine auxiliary machines, naval architecture, and ship operation and management, along with laboratory courses and an onboard training assessment.
This document provides an overview of earthwork planning, design, guidelines and regulatory requirements for a Bachelor of Civil Engineering course. It discusses definitions of earthwork, typical types of earthworks projects and problems associated with earthworks. It also outlines the objectives and content for the course, which will cover earthwork masterplanning, preliminary design, detail design, regulatory approvals, construction and post-construction stages. Design considerations like drainage, soil conditions, flood levels and slope stability are addressed. Methods for volume calculations and balancing cut and fill volumes are also summarized.
This document outlines the tender process for the construction of a 4-story commercial building. It includes 9 sections covering instructions, conditions, forms, specifications and drawings. Requirements include experience with similar projects of at least 1.2 crore BDT, an annual turnover of 1 crore BDT, and liquid assets of 80 lacs BDT. The tender submission deadline is November 12th, 2015. The opening will be on November 17th at the Executive Engineer's office. The performance security required is 10% of the contract price. The intended completion date for the project is November 5th, 2017.
This legal document is made publicly available in order to promote public education, safety, justice, an informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade, and world peace. It is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. This document is from the Federation of Malaysia and is an edict of the government.
Rate analysis and costing - Estimation, Costing and Valuation EngineeringShanmugasundaram N
Standard Data – Observed Data – Schedule of rates – Market rates – Standard Data for Man Hours and Machineries for common civil works – Rate Analysis for all Building works, canals, and Roads– Cost Estimates
1. This document provides a preamble and bill of quantities for geotechnical site investigation works.
2. It outlines rates for mobilization, equipment setup, boring, coring, sampling, in-situ tests, and instrumentation.
3. Tests mentioned include standard penetration tests, vane shear tests, plate bearing tests, footing tests, and pressuremeter tests. Rates are provided for work at various depths.
•What is Contract?
•What is Construction Contract?
•Purpose of Construction Contract
•Contract for Bid and Procurement
•Contract for Pricing Arrangement
•Construction Contract Component
•Contract Document List
•Standard Form of Contract in Malaysia
The document discusses the concepts of estimating, costing, technical sanction, administrative approval and budgetary provision as they relate to construction projects. It defines estimating as working out the approximate cost of a work by calculating quantities and costs, while costing determines the actual cost using measurement and abstract sheets. Technical sanction involves formal acceptance of the proposal and preliminary plans by competent authorities, and administrative approval provides budgetary provision for projects according to the 5-year plan after review.
Provisional sums are amounts included in a construction contract for work that is not fully defined at the time of tendering. There are two types: defined provisional sums where some information is provided, and undefined where minimal information is given. Contractors are expected to account for these sums in their programming and preliminaries. Provisional sums are expended through an architect's instruction and valued like a variation. Risks include the actual cost exceeding the amount allowed if the work changes from tender to completion. Prime cost sums are for nominated subcontractors or suppliers, and exclude any overhead and profit for the main contractor.
Construction Contracts Questions and Answers.pdfEyobMiteku
This document provides information about the third edition of the book "Construction Contracts: Questions and Answers" by David Chappell. It contains 225 frequently asked questions (FAQs) about construction law and contracts that the author has gathered over his career, with 50 new questions addressing recent legal changes. The questions cover a wide range of topics related to construction contracts, including extensions of time, liquidated damages, practical completion, defects, certification and payment. The document provides background on the author's expertise and experience in construction law and contracting.
The document discusses the tender process for construction projects. It involves project definition, selecting tenderers, issuing tender documentation, criteria for selection, calling for tenders, tender meetings, amendments, submission and closing, tender analysis of work experience, price, company finances and personnel, ongoing projects, and conformity to conditions. Selection criteria include conformity, capability, innovation, price and construction period. Tenders can be rejected for noncompliance, incomplete details, too high or low prices, too much work in progress, insufficient finances, or unsatisfactory records.
This seminar was part of the Bar Council practical construction law series presented by the Construction Law Committee to practitioners. It covers the topic of payments and common issues arising in the construction industry.
This document provides an internship presentation on quantity estimation for a building. It includes sections on estimation, essential qualities of a good estimator, types of estimates, methods for detailed estimates, descriptions of measurements for common items, and estimation of a sample building plan including foundations, walls, roof, and more. Calculations are shown for estimating quantities of various building components like brickwork, plastering, concrete work and more. The overall goal is to explain the process of estimating building costs through preparing preliminary and final estimates for a residential structure.
The document discusses various types of construction contracts including: lump sum contracts where the owner pays a specified amount upon completion; cost plus contracts where the owner pays the contractor's documented costs plus an additional fee; and integrated contracts where a single contractor is responsible for design and construction like design-build or turnkey contracts. Management contracts involve appointing a contractor to coordinate other subcontractors. Measurable and item rate contracts establish payment based on physical measurements or rates for units of work.
This document provides information on civil engineering measurement tasks. It discusses the need for a separate Standard Method of Measurement (SMM) for civil engineering works compared to building works. It illustrates key differences between bills of quantities for civil engineering and building projects. It includes a sample preliminaries bill and specification notes for a retaining wall project. The conclusion emphasizes that the Civil Engineering SMM provides a uniform basis for measurement and embraces good practice principles.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONTRACT FORM JKR 203A & PAMAnep Botak
The document compares differences between the JKR 203A and PAM forms of construction contracts. The key differences are:
- JKR 203A is used for public sector projects while PAM is used for private sector projects. PAM only covers building works while JKR covers all engineering works.
- The period for honoring interim certificates is 30 days for JKR 203A and 21 days for PAM 2006.
- The PAM 2006 contract, unlike previous versions and JKR 203A, contains provisions allowing contractors to suspend work if they face delayed or non-payment from the employer.
Earnest money is a monetary deposit paid by bidders to show their sincerity and good faith in a project. It aims to prevent bidders from withdrawing their bids before the validity period ends. Standard earnest money amounts are 2% of the estimated project cost for works costing up to Rs. 10 crores, and 1% of estimated cost plus Rs. 20 lakhs for higher value projects. Earnest money is refunded once the contract is awarded, or forfeited if the bidder withdraws during the validity period. The document discusses earnest money definitions, forms, amounts, refund processes, and treatments under different scenarios.
The document provides an introduction to the role of quantity surveyors in construction projects. It discusses that quantity surveyors are responsible for financial aspects of construction and provide various services throughout a project, including preparing initial budgets and cost estimates, tender documents, valuations of work, and final accounts. It also describes the different stages of a project where quantity surveyors are involved, such as pre-tender, tender, and post-tender stages, and the tasks performed during each stage.
The document provides information about a site investigation using a Mackintosh probe at a proposed school site. It includes an introduction to site investigations and the purpose of using a Mackintosh probe. Details are given about the equipment, procedures, and sample logs of penetration resistance readings from six probe locations. The conclusion compares the Mackintosh probe to JKR probes and notes limitations of the Mackintosh probe. References for further information are also included.
The document outlines a 4-year Marine Engineering curriculum that includes courses in seamanship, navigation, thermodynamics, strength of materials, electrical engineering, and more. In years 1 and 2, students take foundational courses in mathematics, physics, engineering mechanics, and workshops. Years 3 and 4 focus on more advanced topics like material science, marine auxiliary machines, naval architecture, and ship operation and management, along with laboratory courses and an onboard training assessment.
Significant Guidance for Design and Construction of Marine and Offshore Struc...Professor Kabir Sadeghi
Marine and offshore structures are constructed worldwide for a variety of functions and in a variety of water depths, and environmental conditions. Shore protection facilities, ports, harbors and offshore petroleum platforms are important infrastructures which have big impacts on the economy level and industrial progress of countries.
Selection of type of platform and also right planning, design, fabrication, transportation and installation of marine and offshore structures, considering the water depth and environment conditions are very important. In this paper an overview of coast, ports and offshore structures engineering is presented. The paper covers mainly design and construction of jetties, harbor and fixed template offshore platforms. The overall objective of this paper is to provide a general understanding of different stages of design, construction, load-out, transportation and installation of marine and offshore structures.
Engineering design and construction of marine structures in ArcticАлександр Головизнин
Engineering design and construction of marine structures in Arctic.
Morstroytechnology suggests efficient solutions for Arctic projects
Sergey Semenov told about engineering design of marine structures in Arctic at the 10th Annual Russia Offshore Conference, which took place in Moscow at 3-4 of March.
Russia Offshore Conference is the leading platform for building partnerships for LNG and offshore projects across Russia. 10th Annual Conference attracted more than 350 delegates from oil and gas industry, and covered every currently developing offshore project in the Russian Federation.
Sergey Semenov told the audience about specific aspects of engineering design and construction of marine structures in Arctic conditions.
Morstroytechnology projects in Arctic include Salmanovskoye field, port Sabetta, Seyaha, production island in the Gulf of Ob, logistic infrastructure in Arctic rivers and others.
Morstroytechnology developed modern probabilistic forecasting methods
to define ice conditions and calculate ice loads on marine structures.
Methods of calculation of ice parameters and ice loads on hydraulic structures developed by Morstroytechnology are approved by “B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG”, JSC, which is entitled to define standards of ice loads calculation in Russia.
To solve the problem of ice formation in water of Sabetta port, Morstroytechnology suggested to build a special ice melting ship. The ship helps to clean the water area from ice by melting. A short video presentation of the ship (in Russian) is available on our web-site.
Presentation for the report of Sergey Semenov at Russia Offshore Conference is available
The document provides an overview of the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the University of Strathclyde. It discusses the courses offered, including naval architecture, marine engineering, small craft engineering, and ocean engineering. It outlines the facilities available to students, such as laboratories and a wave tank. It also describes opportunities for students, including industry placements, scholarships, and international programs. Graduates have career prospects in fields like ship design, offshore oil and gas, research, and more.
Top 10 marine engineer interview questions and answerskitejonh
The document provides resources for preparing for a marine engineer interview, including common interview questions, examples of different types of interviews, and tips. It includes 10 frequently asked interview questions for marine engineers and sample answers. Additionally, it lists useful websites that offer ebooks with additional interview questions, secrets to winning interviews, and other preparation materials. The document aims to equip candidates with effective strategies and responses for marine engineer interviews.
This is a presentation put together by Coach Shravan Shetty.This explores and explains the requisites and opportunities for a career in Marine Engineering
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
BAA 1322 CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING FINAL EXAM PAPER
1. Universiti
Malaysia
PAHANG . C.riciviil,
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG
FACULTY OF CIVI ENGINEERING & EARTH RESOURCES
FINAL EXAMINATION
COIIRSE CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING
COURSE CODE BAA1322
LECTURER DR. KHAIRUNISA BINTI ABDULLAH
ENGR. ROSLINA BINTI OMAR
DATE ll JANUARY 2012
DURATION 2 HOURS
SESSION/SEMESTER SESSION ZOII/20I2 SEMESTER I
PROGRAMME CODE BAA/BAE
TNSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:
1. This question paper consists of FIVE (5) questions.
2. Answer ALL questions.
3. All answers to a new question should start on new page.
4. All calculations must be clearly shown.
5. Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those requested by
the course coordinator into the examination room.
EXAMINATION RE OUIREMENTS :
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of SIX (6) printed pages including front page.
2. CONF'IDENTIAL BAA /BAE/1IIZVBAAI322
QUESTION 1 d*
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a) Miss Lina has hired Arkj.dk Indah to prepare arc{ectwal drawings for her house.
Consequerrry,S.Ig appont"/o prepare the structural drawings.
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Through tendering process, (Syarikat Bina Sdn Bhd) was awarded a contract to
construct the house.(En.Amin')fro* sYutll<ul F!q? Sq B s appointed as the
project manager for the project. He assigne{t1Ot*un tp Perform the task as a.site
engineq:r in that Project.
,{ - - to prepare the arclritgg1lg{igryilgs? (1 marks)
//.'/ ,/Wnois the person in charge
"/ 1y{ Stut"three (3) tasks of the person who is responsible to prepare the structural
/ drawings. (3 marks)
,yf Ot a project manager, En.Amin needs to "Plan the Construction Project". Explain
'/ the particular task. (4 marks)
iv) State three (3) tasks of En. Azman. (3 marks)
b),Site investigation is an important stage in the planning and construction of a project to
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proride information about the proposed site. Explain tft"Qes5;ga)', fi!" ylsigund soil
investigation which is conducted during !-he stage. (6 marks)
c)€xp lai(ne protective equ ipmentlh at needs to be used by a worker who performs
' /weldins workbt a construction site. (3 Marks)
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3. I CONFIDENTIAL BAA /BAE/1II2ABAA'I322
QUESTTON 2
a) Scaffolding, formwork and shoring are among the temporary work structures that are
usually used in construction work.
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x{ ./ Explain |putlog scaffolding
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(3 marks)
.nd Stut" four (4) safety precautions that need to be taken when handling scaffolding.
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four (4) advantages of using permanent formwork compared to conventional
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formwork. (4 Marks)
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b) Heavy machineries and small powered plants are usually used at a construction site to
facilitate the work achieve faster completion time of a project.
vibrator used in construction work. (3 marks)
.*t'nxplain
State three (3) benefits that can be obtained when using machineries at
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construction site. (3 marks)
three (3) safety precautions that need to be taken when handling
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machineries.
4. I CONFIDENTIAL
QUESTION 3
BAA/BAE/11I2WAAI322
gff oundation is one of the important structural elements of a building.
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shallow foundation and its advantages compared to deep foundation.
( ),-Explain (5 marks)
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,d9xptain precast concrete pile. (5 marks)
xplain one type of roof which is widely used in Malaysia. (4 marks)
(3 marks)
a shear wall. (3 marks)
/Af6*plain
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5. CONTIDENTIAL BAA IBAE/ 1 II2TTB AAI322
QUESTTON 4
escribe what is prestressed concrete and explain two (2) methods of prestressing.
(6 marks)
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76 Witnthe aid of diagrams, explain the differences between.quyity retaining wall and
/ cantilever retaining wall. Explain three (3) differences between both walls and draw
the diagrams. (8 marks)
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Vffne use of precast concrete frames is common in the Industrialized Building System
' (IBS). Give three (3) advantages and disadvantages of using IBS frames. (6 marks)
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6. BAA/BAE/1II2I/B.AAI322
QTTESTTON s
aththe aid of a diagram, explain rigid pavement. (5 marks)
b)rfiate four (4) types ofjoint that are used in the construction of a rigid pavement.
,/ (4 marks)
one form of transportation system that usually connects two adjacent
sites
c)
)hridgeis
,/ or"ra valley or a river to provide a smooth flow between them.
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t'Stur"five (5) types of bridge according to its structural form. (5 marks)
'1 firrand explain the function of three (3) components of the suspension bridge.
(6 marks)