This document summarizes a student's research comparing lightning data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) in Antarctica to GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) data. The student analyzed GPS PWV and lightning data from four Antarctic research stations between January 2013. On some days, GPS PWV increased before lightning occurred and decreased after, while on other days high GPS PWV did not coincide with lightning. The student concludes there is no direct correlation between GPS PWV and lightning in Antarctica and plans to further review literature and write a final report.
The document discusses experiments on controlling hurricanes and weather through small perturbations based on the sensitivity of the atmosphere. It describes using numerical weather prediction models, data assimilation systems, and satellite sensing to determine optimal temperature perturbations to control the path and intensity of simulated Hurricane Andrew. While initial experiments showed potential for steering the hurricane, significant challenges remain regarding power requirements, modeling capabilities, and addressing legal and ethical concerns before operational weather control could be feasible.
The document summarizes the discovery and characterization of exoplanet atmospheres over time. It discusses key observational highlights including the identification of molecules, day-night temperature variations, and variability in some atmospheres. Modeling techniques are also described that aim to constrain atmospheric properties by fitting millions of models to data. The summary outlines progress made but also future directions, such as direct imaging of young planets and the potential for characterizing small planets around M stars.
This document summarizes ground temperature analysis from sites located across different ecotypes (vegetation classes) in western Alaska. Key findings include:
- The absence of near-surface permafrost corresponds to ecotypes lacking a moss layer.
- Factors like thawing and freezing N-Factors help explain differences in permafrost temperatures between ecotypes. For example, one white spruce site receives less heat in summer but loses less heat in winter than another.
- A preliminary map was created predicting mean annual ground temperature ranges based on translating the ecotype classifications. This map could help understand how permafrost may change under climate change.
The document discusses earthquake occurrence and catalogs. It introduces the Gutenberg-Richter law which states that the number of earthquakes decreases exponentially with magnitude. Complete earthquake catalogs are desirable as they are homogeneous, complete, cover a long duration, and source material is available online. Stable continental regions have low seismicity that follows the Gutenberg-Richter relationship, with an earthquake of magnitude 6.5 expected once a decade for a particular region. Students are assigned homework to analyze earthquake data from Saudi Arabia and establish the Gutenberg-Richter relationship for the region.
1. Astronomers detected a dense gas cloud falling into the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
2. The cloud will reach its closest approach to the black hole, within 3,100 times the event horizon, in 2013. It has begun disrupting due to tidal forces.
3. Observing the cloud's disruption and interaction with the black hole's region in the coming years will provide insights into the feeding and accretion processes of supermassive black holes.
This document summarizes research that assimilated new neutral wind measurements from Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) into an ionospheric data assimilation model for the first time. The results showed reduced errors in estimated neutral wind velocities near the location where FPI data was ingested. This suggests an overall improvement to measurements in that region when more direct neutral wind observations are included. Assimilating data from additional FPI instruments in the future could further refine horizontal wind maps and ionosphere understanding.
This document summarizes a study that projects the impact of climate change on the future number of snow days at British ski resorts. The study used climate records from three weather stations over at least 30 years to model current climate variations. It then compared these to UK climate projection models for 2020s and 2080s scenarios under different carbon emission levels. The results showed that Scottish resorts may survive through 2080 under low emissions but English resorts will struggle by 2020 even under high emissions. This has implications for resort operations and strategies to adapt to rising temperatures. The importance is that resort managers can prepare for a declining number of snow days due to climate change.
This document summarizes a student's research comparing lightning data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) in Antarctica to GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) data. The student analyzed GPS PWV and lightning data from four Antarctic research stations between January 2013. On some days, GPS PWV increased before lightning occurred and decreased after, while on other days high GPS PWV did not coincide with lightning. The student concludes there is no direct correlation between GPS PWV and lightning in Antarctica and plans to further review literature and write a final report.
The document discusses experiments on controlling hurricanes and weather through small perturbations based on the sensitivity of the atmosphere. It describes using numerical weather prediction models, data assimilation systems, and satellite sensing to determine optimal temperature perturbations to control the path and intensity of simulated Hurricane Andrew. While initial experiments showed potential for steering the hurricane, significant challenges remain regarding power requirements, modeling capabilities, and addressing legal and ethical concerns before operational weather control could be feasible.
The document summarizes the discovery and characterization of exoplanet atmospheres over time. It discusses key observational highlights including the identification of molecules, day-night temperature variations, and variability in some atmospheres. Modeling techniques are also described that aim to constrain atmospheric properties by fitting millions of models to data. The summary outlines progress made but also future directions, such as direct imaging of young planets and the potential for characterizing small planets around M stars.
This document summarizes ground temperature analysis from sites located across different ecotypes (vegetation classes) in western Alaska. Key findings include:
- The absence of near-surface permafrost corresponds to ecotypes lacking a moss layer.
- Factors like thawing and freezing N-Factors help explain differences in permafrost temperatures between ecotypes. For example, one white spruce site receives less heat in summer but loses less heat in winter than another.
- A preliminary map was created predicting mean annual ground temperature ranges based on translating the ecotype classifications. This map could help understand how permafrost may change under climate change.
The document discusses earthquake occurrence and catalogs. It introduces the Gutenberg-Richter law which states that the number of earthquakes decreases exponentially with magnitude. Complete earthquake catalogs are desirable as they are homogeneous, complete, cover a long duration, and source material is available online. Stable continental regions have low seismicity that follows the Gutenberg-Richter relationship, with an earthquake of magnitude 6.5 expected once a decade for a particular region. Students are assigned homework to analyze earthquake data from Saudi Arabia and establish the Gutenberg-Richter relationship for the region.
1. Astronomers detected a dense gas cloud falling into the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
2. The cloud will reach its closest approach to the black hole, within 3,100 times the event horizon, in 2013. It has begun disrupting due to tidal forces.
3. Observing the cloud's disruption and interaction with the black hole's region in the coming years will provide insights into the feeding and accretion processes of supermassive black holes.
This document summarizes research that assimilated new neutral wind measurements from Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) into an ionospheric data assimilation model for the first time. The results showed reduced errors in estimated neutral wind velocities near the location where FPI data was ingested. This suggests an overall improvement to measurements in that region when more direct neutral wind observations are included. Assimilating data from additional FPI instruments in the future could further refine horizontal wind maps and ionosphere understanding.
This document summarizes a study that projects the impact of climate change on the future number of snow days at British ski resorts. The study used climate records from three weather stations over at least 30 years to model current climate variations. It then compared these to UK climate projection models for 2020s and 2080s scenarios under different carbon emission levels. The results showed that Scottish resorts may survive through 2080 under low emissions but English resorts will struggle by 2020 even under high emissions. This has implications for resort operations and strategies to adapt to rising temperatures. The importance is that resort managers can prepare for a declining number of snow days due to climate change.
The document describes a new combined radar/radiometer algorithm for retrieving precipitation from TRMM measurements. It builds on existing single-sensor algorithms by using a variational approach to minimize errors between modeled and observed radar reflectivity and brightness temperatures. Key assumptions about rain drop size distribution, ice properties, and cloud water can be adjusted within the model as retrieval parameters to improve the match with observations globally. The goal is to develop a physically consistent algorithm that leverages all available sensor data to improve precipitation estimates compared to either radar-only or radiometer-only products.
Earthquake forecasting based on ionosphere statistical monitoringAstroAwake
This document describes a method for earthquake forecasting based on statistical monitoring of ionosphere data from GPS stations. Daily GPS data is processed to extract ionospheric VTEC values every 10 minutes. A summation index analysis is performed to identify anomalies in the VTEC data between station pairs. Anomalies above 0.8 that cannot be explained by geomagnetic activity levels may indicate upcoming seismic or volcanic activity near the closer GPS station. The method has shown success in forecasting Chilean earthquakes up to 10 days ahead with an average of 7 days ahead and 86.2% forecast accuracy.
First results from_the_hubble_opal_program_jupiter_in_2015Sérgio Sacani
Os cientistas usando o Telescópio Espacial Hubble da NASA/ESA produziram novos mapas de Júpiter, que mostram as contínuas mudanças que ocorrem com a famosa Grande Mancha Vermelha. As imagens também revelam uma rara estrutura em forma de onda na atmosfera do planeta que não tinha sido vista por décadas. A nova imagem é a primeira de uma série de retratos anuais dos planetas externos do Sistema Solar, que nos darão um novo olhar desses mundos remotos, e ajudarão os cientistas a estudarem como eles mudam com o passar do tempo.
Nessa nova imagem de Júpiter, uma grande quantidade de feições foi capturada incluindo ventos, nuvens e tempestades. Os cientistas por trás dessas novas imagens, as obtiveram usando a Wide Field Camera 3 do Hubble, num período de observação de mais de 10 horas e produziram assim dois mapas completos do planeta, a partir das suas observações. Esses mapas fizeram com que fosse possível determinar a velocidade dos ventos em Júpiter, com a finalidade de identificar diferentes fenômenos na sua atmosfera além de traquear as suas feições mais famosas.
As novas imagens confirmam que a grande tempestade que tem existido na superfície de nuvens de Júpiter por no mínimo 300 anos, continua a encolher, mas mesmo que desapareça, ela irá morrer lutando. A tempestade, conhecida como Grande Mancha Vermelha, é vista aqui fazendo seus movimentos em espiral no centro da imagem do planeta. Ela tem diminuído de tamanho de maneira muito rápida de ano em ano. Mas agora, a taxa de encolhimento parece ter reduzido novamente, mesmo apesar da mancha ser cerca de 240 quilômetros menor do que era em 2014.
Using observations from the Very Large Telescope, astronomers have discovered a dense gas cloud approximately three times the mass of Earth that is falling towards the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. The cloud is on a highly eccentric orbit that will bring it as close as 3,100 times the event horizon of the black hole in 2013. Over the past three years, the cloud has begun to disrupt due to tidal shearing from the black hole's gravitational forces, and its dynamic evolution over the next few years will provide insights into the black hole's accretion processes.
The document analyzes Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) observations of warm molecular hydrogen (H2) gas in M51. It finds that the six H2 lines observed have distinct emission distributions across the galaxy. Lower J lines like H2 S(0) peak in the spiral arms, while higher J lines like H2 S(3) peak at the nucleus. The observations are used to model the H2 excitation temperature and mass in a warm (100-300 K) and hot (400-1000 K) phase. The warm gas peaks at 11 M_sun/pc^2 in the spiral arms, while the hot gas peaks at 0.24 M_sun/pc^2 at the
The document discusses parameters for detecting tropical cyclones using satellite data in MATLAB. It analyzes water vapor density maps, infrared temperature images, and cloud patterns to identify potential cyclones. Water vapor density, temperature above 30 degrees, and circular cloud patterns larger than a threshold indicate a cyclone. Maps and images from different satellites are processed and segmented to isolate areas of interest exhibiting these parameters, helping detect cyclones in real time.
Relations between Arctic large-scale TEC changes and scintillations over Gree...Tibor Durgonics
This study analyzes GNSS data from Greenland stations to investigate the relationship between large-scale changes in total electron content (TEC) in the Arctic region and scintillations over Greenland. TEC, amplitude scintillation indices (S4), and phase scintillation indices (σφ) are calculated from GNSS data from 62 Greenland stations along with electron density and scintillation maps. Ground-based geomagnetic data is also analyzed. Extreme ionosphere events are presented and the underlying geophysical drivers, such as the auroral oval and electrojet, are identified and discussed. The goal is to understand how these factors influence TEC, S4 and σφ distributions to develop tools for monitoring and predicting Arctic
This document discusses generating optimistic, normal, and pessimistic estimates of global solar radiation in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia based on 23 years of daily radiation data. Typical meteorological year (TMY) data was previously generated for Armidale using the Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method to select the most representative month from each year. This study aims to provide upper and lower limits around the normal TMY values using the same method by selecting months with the highest and lowest radiation levels.
This document discusses seismic waves and probing the Earth's interior. It provides examples of seismic wave arrival times that can be used to estimate velocities in different layers. Specifically, it examines arrival times of PcP and ScS phases to calculate mantle velocity, and uses PKiKP and PKIKP times to find velocities in the outer and inner cores. Ray tracing exercises are also presented to further analyze seismic wave propagation and velocities at different depths within the Earth.
The document discusses modeling efforts for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Preliminary analysis indicated traditional third-order effects could cause performance issues. This leads to large detailed models with millions of elements to model the composite tubes. Rapid analysis cycles are used to minimize differences between the model and baseline, but the large models and short cycle time create demanding multi-disciplinary analysis.
This document discusses generating a revised Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) solar radiation data for Armidale, Australia that considers cloudy days. It begins by explaining what TMY data is and how it is typically generated without considering cloudy days. It then defines clear and cloudy days based on cloud cover measurements. The methodology section describes using the Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method to generate the original TMY from 23 years of solar radiation data, without accounting for cloudy days. The document aims to generate a revised TMY that considers cloudy days and analyze the impacts on the expected solar radiation potential.
TH1.T04.2_MULTI-FREQUENCY MICROWAVE EMISSION OF THE EAST ANTARCTIC PLATEAU_IG...grssieee
The document summarizes an experiment called Domex-2 that was conducted at Dome C, Antarctica between 2008-2010 to measure microwave emission from the East Antarctic plateau using ground-based and satellite instruments. Measurements from the Domex-2 radiometers showed high temporal stability of brightness temperatures at vertical polarization but more fluctuation at horizontal polarization as expected. Angular trends from Domex-2 matched well with data from the SMOS satellite. An electromagnetic model was developed and validated against the satellite and ground measurements, demonstrating the mechanisms controlling microwave emission from the ice sheet.
This document summarizes research determining densities in diffuse molecular clouds using CO absorption spectroscopy. Spectroscopic observations along 17 sight lines detected CO absorption features, which were analyzed to determine relative populations between CO rotational energy levels. This provided excitation temperatures (Tex) that were used to estimate densities of hydrogen molecules (n(H2)) in each region, finding values from 102 to 104 cm-3. Higher Tex values and densities were found for sight lines with larger total CO column densities (N(CO)). Future work will use radiative transfer modeling to simultaneously infer kinetic temperatures and n(H2) without assumptions about temperature or Tex.
Evidence of a plume on Europa from Galileo magnetic and plasma wave signaturesSérgio Sacani
The icy surface of Jupiter’s moon, Europa, is thought to lie
on top of a global ocean1–4. Signatures in some Hubble Space
Telescope images have been associated with putative water
plumes rising above Europa’s surface5,6, providing support for
the ocean theory. However, all telescopic detections reported
were made at the limit of sensitivity of the data5–7
, thereby calling
for a search for plume signatures in in-situ measurements.
Here, we report in-situ evidence of a plume on Europa from
the magnetic field and plasma wave observations acquired on
Galileo’s closest encounter with the moon. During this flyby,
which dropped below 400 km altitude, the magnetometer8
recorded an approximately 1,000-kilometre-scale field rotation
and a decrease of over 200 nT in field magnitude, and
the Plasma Wave Spectrometer9 registered intense localized
wave emissions indicative of a brief but substantial increase
in plasma density. We show that the location, duration and
variations of the magnetic field and plasma wave measurements
are consistent with the interaction of Jupiter’s corotating
plasma with Europa if a plume with characteristics inferred
from Hubble images were erupting from the region of Europa’s
thermal anomalies. These results provide strong independent
evidence of the presence of plumes at Europa.
The document describes an icing map of Sweden created using a mesoscale weather model. The map shows the average number of icing hours per year from 2000-2011 at a resolution of 50m x 50m grid cells. The map is available online and can help with siting new wind farms by analyzing potential icing conditions and estimated production losses at different locations. It also categorizes areas into 5 icing classes defined by the IEA to aid in site classification for wind energy projects.
DSD-INT 2016 Data assimilation to improve volcanic ash forecasts using LOTOS-...Deltares
This document summarizes research on improving volcanic ash forecasts using an ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation method with the LOTOS-EUROS model and OpenDA software. Aircraft measurements of volcanic ash are assimilated to improve forecast accuracy compared to models alone. A two-way tracking localized ensemble Kalman filter is developed to reduce sampling errors from small ensembles. A mask-state ensemble Kalman filter is also created to accelerate volcanic ash data assimilation by focusing computations only on relevant grid points containing ash. Validation shows both methods successfully improve volcanic ash concentration forecasts.
New England's climate is changing and these changes are projected to continue in the future. Temperatures have been increasing, especially minimum temperatures, and precipitation patterns are shifting. The number of extreme precipitation events has been rising. Sea levels and ocean temperatures have also been increasing. Climate models project these trends to continue in the future, with warmer temperatures throughout the region and changing precipitation patterns, including more extreme precipitation events. These changes are expected to have significant impacts on ecosystems and human infrastructure and activities in New England.
Modeling extrasolar planetary atmospheres discusses techniques for modeling exoplanet atmospheres including:
1) 1D radiative models that reconstruct atmospheric temperature structures and simulate thermal emission and reflected light.
2) 2D and 3D global circulation models that simulate atmospheric winds and temperature distributions driven by stellar irradiation and planetary rotation.
3) Advanced 3D models that combine radiative transfer with hydrodynamics to model atmospheric chemistry, clouds, and winds. These simulations produce synthetic spectra and light curves for comparison to observations.
PROBING THE SOLAR INTERIOR WITH LENSED GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM KNOWN PULSARSSérgio Sacani
When gravitational waves (GWs) from a spinning neutron star arrive from behind the Sun, they are
subjected to gravitational lensing that imprints a frequency-dependent modulation on the waveform.
This modulation traces the projected solar density and gravitational potential along the path as
the Sun passes in front of the neutron star. We calculate how accurately the solar density prole
can be extracted from the lensed GWs using a Fisher analysis. For this purpose, we selected three
promising candidates (the highly spinning pulsars J1022+1001, J1730-2304, and J1745-23) from the
pulsar catalog of the Australia Telescope National Facility. The lensing signature can be measured
with 3 condence when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the GW detection reaches 100 (f=300Hz)1
over a one-year observation period (where f is the GW frequency). The solar density prole can be
plotted as a function of radius when the SNR improves to & 104.
The document describes a new combined radar/radiometer algorithm for retrieving precipitation from TRMM measurements. It builds on existing single-sensor algorithms by using a variational approach to minimize errors between modeled and observed radar reflectivity and brightness temperatures. Key assumptions about rain drop size distribution, ice properties, and cloud water can be adjusted within the model as retrieval parameters to improve the match with observations globally. The goal is to develop a physically consistent algorithm that leverages all available sensor data to improve precipitation estimates compared to either radar-only or radiometer-only products.
Earthquake forecasting based on ionosphere statistical monitoringAstroAwake
This document describes a method for earthquake forecasting based on statistical monitoring of ionosphere data from GPS stations. Daily GPS data is processed to extract ionospheric VTEC values every 10 minutes. A summation index analysis is performed to identify anomalies in the VTEC data between station pairs. Anomalies above 0.8 that cannot be explained by geomagnetic activity levels may indicate upcoming seismic or volcanic activity near the closer GPS station. The method has shown success in forecasting Chilean earthquakes up to 10 days ahead with an average of 7 days ahead and 86.2% forecast accuracy.
First results from_the_hubble_opal_program_jupiter_in_2015Sérgio Sacani
Os cientistas usando o Telescópio Espacial Hubble da NASA/ESA produziram novos mapas de Júpiter, que mostram as contínuas mudanças que ocorrem com a famosa Grande Mancha Vermelha. As imagens também revelam uma rara estrutura em forma de onda na atmosfera do planeta que não tinha sido vista por décadas. A nova imagem é a primeira de uma série de retratos anuais dos planetas externos do Sistema Solar, que nos darão um novo olhar desses mundos remotos, e ajudarão os cientistas a estudarem como eles mudam com o passar do tempo.
Nessa nova imagem de Júpiter, uma grande quantidade de feições foi capturada incluindo ventos, nuvens e tempestades. Os cientistas por trás dessas novas imagens, as obtiveram usando a Wide Field Camera 3 do Hubble, num período de observação de mais de 10 horas e produziram assim dois mapas completos do planeta, a partir das suas observações. Esses mapas fizeram com que fosse possível determinar a velocidade dos ventos em Júpiter, com a finalidade de identificar diferentes fenômenos na sua atmosfera além de traquear as suas feições mais famosas.
As novas imagens confirmam que a grande tempestade que tem existido na superfície de nuvens de Júpiter por no mínimo 300 anos, continua a encolher, mas mesmo que desapareça, ela irá morrer lutando. A tempestade, conhecida como Grande Mancha Vermelha, é vista aqui fazendo seus movimentos em espiral no centro da imagem do planeta. Ela tem diminuído de tamanho de maneira muito rápida de ano em ano. Mas agora, a taxa de encolhimento parece ter reduzido novamente, mesmo apesar da mancha ser cerca de 240 quilômetros menor do que era em 2014.
Using observations from the Very Large Telescope, astronomers have discovered a dense gas cloud approximately three times the mass of Earth that is falling towards the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. The cloud is on a highly eccentric orbit that will bring it as close as 3,100 times the event horizon of the black hole in 2013. Over the past three years, the cloud has begun to disrupt due to tidal shearing from the black hole's gravitational forces, and its dynamic evolution over the next few years will provide insights into the black hole's accretion processes.
The document analyzes Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) observations of warm molecular hydrogen (H2) gas in M51. It finds that the six H2 lines observed have distinct emission distributions across the galaxy. Lower J lines like H2 S(0) peak in the spiral arms, while higher J lines like H2 S(3) peak at the nucleus. The observations are used to model the H2 excitation temperature and mass in a warm (100-300 K) and hot (400-1000 K) phase. The warm gas peaks at 11 M_sun/pc^2 in the spiral arms, while the hot gas peaks at 0.24 M_sun/pc^2 at the
The document discusses parameters for detecting tropical cyclones using satellite data in MATLAB. It analyzes water vapor density maps, infrared temperature images, and cloud patterns to identify potential cyclones. Water vapor density, temperature above 30 degrees, and circular cloud patterns larger than a threshold indicate a cyclone. Maps and images from different satellites are processed and segmented to isolate areas of interest exhibiting these parameters, helping detect cyclones in real time.
Relations between Arctic large-scale TEC changes and scintillations over Gree...Tibor Durgonics
This study analyzes GNSS data from Greenland stations to investigate the relationship between large-scale changes in total electron content (TEC) in the Arctic region and scintillations over Greenland. TEC, amplitude scintillation indices (S4), and phase scintillation indices (σφ) are calculated from GNSS data from 62 Greenland stations along with electron density and scintillation maps. Ground-based geomagnetic data is also analyzed. Extreme ionosphere events are presented and the underlying geophysical drivers, such as the auroral oval and electrojet, are identified and discussed. The goal is to understand how these factors influence TEC, S4 and σφ distributions to develop tools for monitoring and predicting Arctic
This document discusses generating optimistic, normal, and pessimistic estimates of global solar radiation in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia based on 23 years of daily radiation data. Typical meteorological year (TMY) data was previously generated for Armidale using the Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method to select the most representative month from each year. This study aims to provide upper and lower limits around the normal TMY values using the same method by selecting months with the highest and lowest radiation levels.
This document discusses seismic waves and probing the Earth's interior. It provides examples of seismic wave arrival times that can be used to estimate velocities in different layers. Specifically, it examines arrival times of PcP and ScS phases to calculate mantle velocity, and uses PKiKP and PKIKP times to find velocities in the outer and inner cores. Ray tracing exercises are also presented to further analyze seismic wave propagation and velocities at different depths within the Earth.
The document discusses modeling efforts for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Preliminary analysis indicated traditional third-order effects could cause performance issues. This leads to large detailed models with millions of elements to model the composite tubes. Rapid analysis cycles are used to minimize differences between the model and baseline, but the large models and short cycle time create demanding multi-disciplinary analysis.
This document discusses generating a revised Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) solar radiation data for Armidale, Australia that considers cloudy days. It begins by explaining what TMY data is and how it is typically generated without considering cloudy days. It then defines clear and cloudy days based on cloud cover measurements. The methodology section describes using the Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method to generate the original TMY from 23 years of solar radiation data, without accounting for cloudy days. The document aims to generate a revised TMY that considers cloudy days and analyze the impacts on the expected solar radiation potential.
TH1.T04.2_MULTI-FREQUENCY MICROWAVE EMISSION OF THE EAST ANTARCTIC PLATEAU_IG...grssieee
The document summarizes an experiment called Domex-2 that was conducted at Dome C, Antarctica between 2008-2010 to measure microwave emission from the East Antarctic plateau using ground-based and satellite instruments. Measurements from the Domex-2 radiometers showed high temporal stability of brightness temperatures at vertical polarization but more fluctuation at horizontal polarization as expected. Angular trends from Domex-2 matched well with data from the SMOS satellite. An electromagnetic model was developed and validated against the satellite and ground measurements, demonstrating the mechanisms controlling microwave emission from the ice sheet.
This document summarizes research determining densities in diffuse molecular clouds using CO absorption spectroscopy. Spectroscopic observations along 17 sight lines detected CO absorption features, which were analyzed to determine relative populations between CO rotational energy levels. This provided excitation temperatures (Tex) that were used to estimate densities of hydrogen molecules (n(H2)) in each region, finding values from 102 to 104 cm-3. Higher Tex values and densities were found for sight lines with larger total CO column densities (N(CO)). Future work will use radiative transfer modeling to simultaneously infer kinetic temperatures and n(H2) without assumptions about temperature or Tex.
Evidence of a plume on Europa from Galileo magnetic and plasma wave signaturesSérgio Sacani
The icy surface of Jupiter’s moon, Europa, is thought to lie
on top of a global ocean1–4. Signatures in some Hubble Space
Telescope images have been associated with putative water
plumes rising above Europa’s surface5,6, providing support for
the ocean theory. However, all telescopic detections reported
were made at the limit of sensitivity of the data5–7
, thereby calling
for a search for plume signatures in in-situ measurements.
Here, we report in-situ evidence of a plume on Europa from
the magnetic field and plasma wave observations acquired on
Galileo’s closest encounter with the moon. During this flyby,
which dropped below 400 km altitude, the magnetometer8
recorded an approximately 1,000-kilometre-scale field rotation
and a decrease of over 200 nT in field magnitude, and
the Plasma Wave Spectrometer9 registered intense localized
wave emissions indicative of a brief but substantial increase
in plasma density. We show that the location, duration and
variations of the magnetic field and plasma wave measurements
are consistent with the interaction of Jupiter’s corotating
plasma with Europa if a plume with characteristics inferred
from Hubble images were erupting from the region of Europa’s
thermal anomalies. These results provide strong independent
evidence of the presence of plumes at Europa.
The document describes an icing map of Sweden created using a mesoscale weather model. The map shows the average number of icing hours per year from 2000-2011 at a resolution of 50m x 50m grid cells. The map is available online and can help with siting new wind farms by analyzing potential icing conditions and estimated production losses at different locations. It also categorizes areas into 5 icing classes defined by the IEA to aid in site classification for wind energy projects.
DSD-INT 2016 Data assimilation to improve volcanic ash forecasts using LOTOS-...Deltares
This document summarizes research on improving volcanic ash forecasts using an ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation method with the LOTOS-EUROS model and OpenDA software. Aircraft measurements of volcanic ash are assimilated to improve forecast accuracy compared to models alone. A two-way tracking localized ensemble Kalman filter is developed to reduce sampling errors from small ensembles. A mask-state ensemble Kalman filter is also created to accelerate volcanic ash data assimilation by focusing computations only on relevant grid points containing ash. Validation shows both methods successfully improve volcanic ash concentration forecasts.
New England's climate is changing and these changes are projected to continue in the future. Temperatures have been increasing, especially minimum temperatures, and precipitation patterns are shifting. The number of extreme precipitation events has been rising. Sea levels and ocean temperatures have also been increasing. Climate models project these trends to continue in the future, with warmer temperatures throughout the region and changing precipitation patterns, including more extreme precipitation events. These changes are expected to have significant impacts on ecosystems and human infrastructure and activities in New England.
Modeling extrasolar planetary atmospheres discusses techniques for modeling exoplanet atmospheres including:
1) 1D radiative models that reconstruct atmospheric temperature structures and simulate thermal emission and reflected light.
2) 2D and 3D global circulation models that simulate atmospheric winds and temperature distributions driven by stellar irradiation and planetary rotation.
3) Advanced 3D models that combine radiative transfer with hydrodynamics to model atmospheric chemistry, clouds, and winds. These simulations produce synthetic spectra and light curves for comparison to observations.
PROBING THE SOLAR INTERIOR WITH LENSED GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM KNOWN PULSARSSérgio Sacani
When gravitational waves (GWs) from a spinning neutron star arrive from behind the Sun, they are
subjected to gravitational lensing that imprints a frequency-dependent modulation on the waveform.
This modulation traces the projected solar density and gravitational potential along the path as
the Sun passes in front of the neutron star. We calculate how accurately the solar density prole
can be extracted from the lensed GWs using a Fisher analysis. For this purpose, we selected three
promising candidates (the highly spinning pulsars J1022+1001, J1730-2304, and J1745-23) from the
pulsar catalog of the Australia Telescope National Facility. The lensing signature can be measured
with 3 condence when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the GW detection reaches 100 (f=300Hz)1
over a one-year observation period (where f is the GW frequency). The solar density prole can be
plotted as a function of radius when the SNR improves to & 104.
Ionospheric Behaviour Analysis over Thailand Using Radio Occultation TechniqueIJERA Editor
With the advent in the development of science and technology in the field of space and atmospheric science in
order to obtain accurate result, hence the use of radio occultation technique in the investigation of the amount of
electron density and Total Electron Content presence in equatorial region particularly over Thailand. In this
research, radio occultation data obtained from UCAR/CDAAC was used to observe daily, monthly, seasonal and
the entire year 2013 Ionospheric TEC and electron density variation due to changes and instability of solar
activities from time to time. It was observed that TEC was high (ionosphere was more disturbed or violent) in
May and spread over a wide range of altitude and summer season has the highest TEC value for the year 2013
which means at this period GNSS measurements was more prone to error. It was noted that ionospheric
variations or fluctuations was maximum between 200km and 450km altitude. The results of the study show that
ionospheric perturbation effects or irregularities depend on season and solar activity.
Fifteen years of_xmm_newton_and_chandra_monitoring_of_sgr_a_evidence_for_a_re...Sérgio Sacani
Três telescópios de raios-X têm monitorado o buraco negro supermassivo no centro da Via Láctea, na última década e meia observando o seu comportamento. Essa longa campanha de monitoramento tem revelado algumas novas mudanças nos padrões desse buraco negro de 4 milhões de massas solares conhecido como Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*).
O painel inferior do gráfico principal desse post é uma visão da região ao redor do Sgr A*, onde as cores vermelha, verde e azul, representam os raios-X de baixa, média e alta energia detectados pelo Observatório de Raios-X Chandra da NASA. O Sgr A* não é visto na imagem, mas ele está mergulhado no ponto brando na ponta final da seta. Os outros dois telescópios envolvidos nessas observações de raios-X de 15 anos foram o XMM-Newton da ESA e o Swift Gamma Ray Burst Explorer da NASA, mas seus dados não estão incluídos nessa imagem.
Dentro do último ano, o buraco negro normalmente tranquilo, tem mostrado um aumento no nível de flares de raios-X com relação à sua taxa típica. Esse aumento nos flares de raios-X coincide com a passagem perto do Sgr A* do misterioso objeto chamado G2. Os astrônomos estão rastreando o G2 por anos, pensado originalmente como uma extensa nuvem de gás e poeira. Contudo, depois da passagem próxima do Sgr A* no final de 2013 sua aparência não mudou muito, a menos do fato de ter sido levemente estirado pela gravidade do buraco negro. Isso levou a novas teorias que o G2 não era uma nuvem de gás, mas uma estrela ou um par de estrelas dentro de um casulo empoeirado.
Interior Heating of Rocky Exoplanets from Stellar Flares with Application to ...Sérgio Sacani
Many stars of different spectral types with planets in the habitable zone are known to emit flares. Until now, studies
that address the long-term impact of stellar flares and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) assumed that the
planet’s interior remains unaffected by interplanetary CMEs, only considering the effect of plasma/UV
interactions on the atmosphere of planets. Here, we show that the magnetic flux carried by flare-associated CMEs
results in planetary interior heating by ohmic dissipation and leads to a variety of interior–exterior interactions. We
construct a physical model to study this effect and apply it to the TRAPPIST-1 star whose flaring activity has been
constrained by Kepler observations. Our model is posed in a stochastic manner to account for uncertainty and
variability in input parameters. Particularly for the innermost planets, our results suggest that the heat dissipated in
the silicate mantle is both of sufficient magnitude and longevity to drive geological processes and hence facilitate
volcanism and outgassing of the TRAPPIST-1 planets. Furthermore, our model predicts that Joule heating can
further be enhanced for planets with an intrinsic magnetic field compared to those without. The associated
volcanism and outgassing may continuously replenish the atmosphere and thereby mitigate the erosion of the
atmosphere caused by the direct impact of flares and CMEs. To maintain consistency of atmospheric and
geophysical models, the impact of stellar flares and CMEs on atmospheres of close-in exoplanetary systems needs
to be studied in conjunction with the effect on planetary interiors.
O centro da nossa Via Láctea é um lugar misterioso. Não somente está a milhares de anos-luz de distância, mas está também escondido sob grande quantidade de poeira de modo que a maior parte das estrelas em seu interior são invisíveis. Pesquisadores de Harvard, estão propondo uma nova maneira de limpar a neblina e registrar as estrelas ali escondidas. Eles sugerem observar os comprimentos de onda de rádio provenientes das estrelas supersônicas.
“Existem muitas, nós não sabemos sobre o centro galáctico, e nós queremos aprender muito”, disse o principal autor do estudo Idan Ginsburg do Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). “Usando essa técnica, nós podemos encontrar estrelas que ninguém observou antes”.
A grande trajetória do centro da nossa galáxia para a Terra é repleta de tanta poeira que até mesmo dos trilhões de fótons de luz visível que veem em nossa direção, somente um fóton atingirá nossos telescópios. Ondas de rádio, de uma diferente parte do espectro eletromagnético, possui energia mais baixa e comprimentos de onda maiores. Elas podem passar pela poeira de forma ilesa.
1) Global climate models that include sophisticated cloud schemes show that tidally locked planets can develop thick water clouds near the substellar point due to strong convection. These clouds greatly increase the planetary albedo and stabilize temperatures, allowing habitability at twice the stellar flux previously thought possible.
2) The cloud feedback is stabilizing, as higher stellar flux produces stronger convection and higher albedos. Substellar clouds can block outgoing radiation, reducing the day-night temperature contrast.
3) Non-tidally locked planets do not experience this stabilizing cloud feedback, as clouds only form over parts of the tropics and mid-latitudes. Their albedo decreases with increasing stellar flux, producing a destabil
1) This study uses a deep learning model to estimate stratospheric gravity wave potential energy (GW Ep) averaged over 20-30 km using ERA5 reanalysis data and terrain data as inputs. The model is trained using GW Ep values calculated from COSMIC radio occultation data as labels.
2) The results show the model can effectively estimate the zonal trend of GW Ep but with larger errors in low latitudes than mid-latitudes. Seasonal variations are also seen in the estimated GW Ep.
3) The estimated GW Ep shows the effect of the quasi-biennial oscillation, though its amplitude may be less than that of the measured GW Ep from COSMIC data.
A review of progress in modelling induced geoelectric andoilandgas24
This document reviews progress in modelling induced geoelectric and geomagnetic fields, specifically regarding geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). It summarizes recent studies that have improved understanding of the 3D electrical conductivity structure of Earth from global and regional surveys. It also highlights advances in integrated models of geomagnetic and geoelectric fields across Europe to better model GIC effects in power grids and pipelines. Recent findings on deep mantle conductivity from satellite data and refinements to regional models from magnetotelluric surveys are discussed. Modelling techniques like the complex image method are also reviewed.
This document outlines chapter 5 on air pollution meteorology. It discusses key meteorological concepts that influence the dispersion of air pollutants, including solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, lapse rates, atmospheric stability, Coriolis force, and gravitational force. Homework assignments are provided asking students to research and calculate values related to these topics to better understand atmospheric conditions and pollutant transport.
Science Express Paper by: Kevin B. Stevenson et al.GOASA
- Spectroscopic phase curve observations of the exoplanet WASP-43b using the Hubble Space Telescope revealed a distinct increase in flux as the dayside rotated into view, peaking prior to secondary eclipse.
- Analysis of the spectrally resolved phase curves showed wavelength-dependent amplitudes, phase shifts, and eclipse depths, allowing inference of the temperature structure and molecular abundances at 15 orbital phases.
- Atmospheric modeling found water to be the dominant absorber influencing the phase-resolved emission spectra. The data showed large day-night temperature variations at all measured altitudes and a monotonically decreasing temperature with pressure.
1) Spectra from the Mars Global Surveyor's Thermal Emission Spectrometer were used to monitor the abundance and distribution of water vapor on Mars over one full Mars year.
2) A maximum in water vapor abundance was observed at high latitudes during local summer in both hemispheres, reaching up to 100 pr-mm in the north and 50 pr-mm in the south.
3) There were large differences between the hemispheres and seasons, suggesting cross-equatorial transport of water from north to south after northern summer but not after southern summer.
Probing the innermost_regions_of_agn_jets_and_their_magnetic_fields_with_radi...Sérgio Sacani
Desde 1974, observações feitas com o chamado Long Baseline Interferometry, ou VLBI, combinaram sinais de um objeto cósmico recebidos em diferentes rádio telescópios espalhados pelo globo para criar uma antena com o tamanho equivalente à maior separação entre elas. Isso fez com que fosse possível fazer imagens com uma nitidez sem precedentes, com uma resolução 1000 vezes melhor do que Hubble consegue na luz visível. Agora, uma equipe internacional de astrônomos quebrou todos os recordes combinando 15 rádio telescópios na Terra e a antena de rádio da missão RadioAstron, da agência espacial russa, na órbita da Terra. O trabalho, liderado pelo Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, o IAA-CSIC, forneceu novas ideias sobre a natureza das galáxias ativas, onde um buraco negro extremamente massivo engole a matéria ao redor enquanto simultaneamente emite um par de jatos de partículas de alta energia e campos magnéticos a velocidades próximas da velocidade da luz.
Observações feitas no comprimento de onda das micro-ondas são essenciais para explorar esses jatos, já que os elétrons de alta energia se movendo em campos magnéticos são mais proficientes em produzir micro-ondas. Mas a maioria das galáxias ativas com jatos brilhantes estão a bilhões de anos-luz de distância da Terra, de modo que esses jatos são minúsculos no céu. Desse modo a alta resolução é essencial para observar esses jatos em ação e então revelar fenômenos como as ondas de choque e a turbulência que controla o quanto de luz é produzida num dado tempo. “Combinando pela primeira vez rádio telescópios na Terra com rádio telescópios no espaço, operando na máxima resolução, tem permitido que a nossa equipe crie uma antena que tem um tamanho equivalente a 8 vezes o diâmetro da Terra, correspondendo a 20 micro arcos de segundo”, disse José L; Gómez, o líder da equipe no Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, IAA-CSIC.
A Tectonic Origin for the Largest Marsquake Observed by InSightSérgio Sacani
The S1222a marsquake detected by InSight on 4 May 2022 was the largest of the mission, at 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑀𝑀𝑤𝑤 4.7. Given its resemblance to two other large seismic events (S1000a and S1094b), which were associated with the formation of fresh craters, we undertook a search for a fresh crater associated with S1222a. Such a crater would be expected to be ∼300 m in diameter and have a blast zone on the order of 180 km across. Orbital images were targeted and searched as part of an international, multi-mission effort. Comprehensive analysis of the area using low- and medium-resolution images reveals no relevant transient atmospheric phenomena and no fresh blast zone. High-resolution coverage of the epicentral area from most spacecraft are more limited, but no fresh crater or other evidence of a new impact have been identified in those images either. We thus conclude that the S1222a event was highly likely of tectonic origin
Convective storms in Europe: a look back at COPS and CSIPAndrew Russell
A seminar given at RMS in London on 16th March on the main results from the Convective Storm Initiation Project (CSIP) and the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS).
Evidence for Long-Lasting Electrical Leader Discharges in NonSpecular Meteor ...researchinventy
Unusual, non-specular, fast-movingmeteortrail echoes are observed in the summer polar upper mesosphere near 90 km.Usually, at mid-latitudes, field-aligned irregularities cause non-specular trails, while in the polar region long-lasting irregularities are possibly sustained by charged meteor dust.The unusual meteor trails propagate downward and upward at speeds of 3.3-6.4 kms-1 along a slanted path length of 10.4 km between 87-93 km altitudes, merging in the middle and lasting for 8-10s. Here we propose that an electrical discharge is responsible for these trails. The corresponding horizontal electric field for the observed speeds is estimated up to 16.3 Vm-1 at 90 km.Both the long-lasting merging of two fast-moving plasma trails and the modest speed compared to those (~104 -105 ms -1 ) of lightning leader process and of jets (< 400 ms) occurring above thunderclouds likely suggest a new type of meteor-trail leader discharge occurring in the summer polar upper mesosphere
Invited Seminar presented at the VIA Forum Astroparticle Physics Forum COSMOVIA
21 March 2020
http://viavca.in2p3.fr/2010c_o_s_m_o_v_i_a__forum_sd24fsdf4zerfzef4ze5f4dsq34sdteerui45788789745rt7yr68t4y54865h45g4hfg56h45df4h86d48h48t7uertujirjtiorjhuiofgrdsqgxcvfghfg5h40yhuyir/viewtopic.php?f=73&t=3705&sid=c56cbf76f87536fc4c3ff216d9edaba2
Author: O.M. Lecian
Speaker: O.M. Lecian
Abstract: The LHAASO experiment is aimed at detecting highly-energetic particles of cosmological origin within a large
range of energies.
The sensitivity of the experimental apparatus can within the frameworks of statistical fluctuations of the
background.
Acceleration and lower-energy particles can be analyzed.
The anisotropy mass composition of cosmic rays can analytically described.
The LHAASO Experiment is also suited for detecting particles of cosmological origin originated from the breach
(and/or other kinds of modifications) of particle theories paradigms comprehending other symmetry groups.
Some physical implications of anisotropies can be looked for.
The study of anisotropy distribution for particles of cosmological origin as well as the anisotropies of their velocities
both in the case of a flat Minkowskian background as well as in the case of curved space-time can be investigated,
as far as the theoretical description of the cross-section is concerned, as well as for the theoretical expressions of
such quantities to be analyzed.
The case of a geometrical phase of particles can be schematized by means of a geometrical factor.
Particular solutions are found under suitable approximations.
A comparison with the study of ellipsoidal galaxies is achieved.
The case of particles with anisotropies in velocities falling off faster than dark matter (DM) is compared.
The study of possible anisotropies in the spatial distribution of cosmological particles can therefore be described
also deriving form the interaction of cosmic particles with the gravitational field, arising at quantum distances, at
the semiclassical level and at the classical scales, within the framework of the proper description of particles
anisotropies properties.
2nd CSP Training series : solar resource assessment (2/2)Leonardo ENERGY
Fifth session of the 2nd Concentrated Solar Power Training dedicated to solar resource assessment.
DNI Variability, Frequency Distributions
Typical Meteorological Years
DNI measurements: broadband vs. spectral, and their limitations
What is circumsolar radiation and why should we care in CSP/CPV?
How much diffuse irradiance can be used in concentrators?
How to measure and model the circumsolar irradiance?
Spectral irradiance standards and their use for PV/CPV rating
The AM1.5 direct standard spectrum: Why did it change? Why AM1.5?
Use of the SMARTS radiative code to evaluate clear-sky spectral irradiances
Sources of measured spectral irradiance data
Spectral effects on silicon and multijunction cells and their dependence on climate
Fast radio bursts trigger aftershocks resembling earthquakes, but not solar f...Sérgio Sacani
The production mechanism of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) is still a mystery, and correlations between burst occurrence
times and energies may provide important clues to elucidate it. While time correlation studies of FRBs have been mainly
performed using wait time distributions, here we report the results of a correlation function analysis of repeating FRBs in the
2D space of time and energy. We analyse nearly 7,000 bursts reported in the literature for the three most active sources of
FRB 20121102A, 20201124A, and 20220912A, and find the following characteristics that are universal in the three sources. A
clear power-law signal of the correlation function is seen, extending to the typical burst duration (∼ 10 msec) towards shorter
time intervals (t). The correlation function indicates that every single burst has about a 10–60 per cent chance of producing
an aftershock at a rate decaying by a power law as ∝ (t)
−p with p = 1.5–2.5, like the Omori–Utsu law of earthquakes. The
correlated aftershock rate is stable regardless of source activity changes, and there is no correlation between emitted energy
and t. We demonstrate that all these properties are quantitatively common to earthquakes, but different from solar flares in
many aspects, by applying the same analysis method for the data on these phenomena. These results suggest that repeater FRBs
are a phenomenon in which energy stored in rigid neutron star crusts is released by seismic activity. This may provide a new
opportunity for future studies to explore the physical properties of the neutron star crust.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/how-axelera-ai-uses-digital-compute-in-memory-to-deliver-fast-and-energy-efficient-computer-vision-a-presentation-from-axelera-ai/
Bram Verhoef, Head of Machine Learning at Axelera AI, presents the “How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-efficient Computer Vision” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
As artificial intelligence inference transitions from cloud environments to edge locations, computer vision applications achieve heightened responsiveness, reliability and privacy. This migration, however, introduces the challenge of operating within the stringent confines of resource constraints typical at the edge, including small form factors, low energy budgets and diminished memory and computational capacities. Axelera AI addresses these challenges through an innovative approach of performing digital computations within memory itself. This technique facilitates the realization of high-performance, energy-efficient and cost-effective computer vision capabilities at the thin and thick edge, extending the frontier of what is achievable with current technologies.
In this presentation, Verhoef unveils his company’s pioneering chip technology and demonstrates its capacity to deliver exceptional frames-per-second performance across a range of standard computer vision networks typical of applications in security, surveillance and the industrial sector. This shows that advanced computer vision can be accessible and efficient, even at the very edge of our technological ecosystem.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
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Azeem ssw agu
1. Time-dependent three-dimensional
(latitude, longitude, altitude) response of the
ionosphere to the 2009 SSW event
Irfan Azeem, Geoff Crowley, and Adam Reynolds
ASTRA, Boulder, CO
contact: iazeem@astraspace.net
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SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
3. Introduction
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Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) events are dramatic
meteorological phenomena occurring in the winter
stratosphere during which the polar vortex becomes highly
distorted or breaks down (splits), accompanied by disruptions
in the westerly mean circulation in a rather abrupt manner.
SSWs are an important manifestation of vertical dynamical
coupling in the atmosphere.
The key mechanism by Matsuno (1971) is now widely
accepted: the growth of upward propagating planetary waves
from the troposphere and their interaction with the mean
flow.
Modeling and experimental studies have shown the impact of
SSW on MLT region (Myrabo et. al., 1984; Matveeva &
Semenov, 1985; Walterscheid, 2000; Sigernes et al., 2003,
Azeem et al., 2007, 2009).
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
5. Motivation
RESULTS
TEC response at 75W during the
2009 SSW event show a distint
local time dependency.
8-10 LT: TEC increase
16-18 LT: TEC decrease
Ionospheric changes in the American sector during Goncharenko et al. [2010].
the 2009 SSW event. Top panels show quiet-time
averages while bottom panels show TEC observations
for January 27 2009. Goncharenko et al. [2010].
Q. What is the global response of the ionosphere to dynamical forcing
spawned during SSW events?
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SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
6. IDE TEC
(a) January 20, 2009.
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IDE TEC
IDE TEC
(b) January 24, 2009.
(c) January 27, 2009.
7. IDA4D Assimilation
The global IDA4D images of the ionosphere will allow us to
characterize, unambiguously, the ionospheric global response
to SSW events at different heights, latitude regions and
longitude sectors as a function of time.
IDA4D will allow us to compare and contrast how the
ionosphere responds to different SSW events and how it
recovers from the SSW stimulated state.
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Ionospheric Data Assimilation Four-Dimensional (IDA4D)
algorithm [Bust et al., 2004]
IDA4D provides three-dimensional maps of the global
distribution of the ionospheric electron density and other
plasma parameters (e.g. hmF2, foF2, NmF2, TEC), as a function
of time.
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
8. Data Sources
Typical data sources used by IDA4D include:
1. Ground-based GPS slant total electron content (TEC)
2. Ground-based digisonde and incoherent scatter radar
3. Ground-based DORIS tx and ~4 low earth orbit satellites with DORIS rx
4. Space-based GPS occultation measurements of TEC
5. Space-based topside GPS TEC
6. Space-based in-situ electron density (DMSP)
7. Space-based UV airglow derived electron density (GUVI/SSUSI)
• Orange dots: 350 km IPP of ground-based
GPS
• Red squares: Ground DORIS transmitters
• Red lines: 350 km intercept to the
satellite from DORIS transmitters
• Solid yellow lines: GPSRO traces
• Dashed yellow lines: Topside TEC
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SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
9. TEC Response
15 UT
15 UT
9
TEC change during the 2009 SSW
event
Typical day-to-day variability in TEC
TEC enhancement in the South
American Sector
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
10. TEC Response
21 UT
21 UT
10
TEC change during the 2009 SSW
event
Typical day-to-day variability in TEC
TEC suppression in the South
American Sector
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
11.
Their study was limited to locations where GPS data was
readily available, so that over large swaths of the globe
they were unable to characterize the ionosphere.
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IDA4D results confirms the observed ionopsheric
changes reported by Goncharenko et al. [2010].
In this study we extend previous studies and examine
the global response of the ionosphere to SSWs using the
IDA4D assimilative model.
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013
12. Avg. Day to Day
TEC Variability
UT = 00
UT = 03
UT = 06
UT = 09
UT = 12
UT = 15
UT = 18
UT = 21
DTEC
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13. First EOF:
TEC Response on Jan. 26
UT = 00
UT = 06
UT = 09
UT = 12
13
UT = 03
UT = 15
UT = 18
UT = 21
DTEC
14. First EOF:
TEC Response on Jan. 27
UT = 00
UT = 06
UT = 09
UT = 12
14
UT = 03
UT = 15
UT = 18
UT = 21
DTEC
15. First EOF:
TEC Response on Jan. 28
UT = 00
UT = 06
UT = 09
UT = 12
15
UT = 03
UT = 15
UT = 18
UT = 21
DTEC
16. First EOF:
TEC Response on Feb. 1
UT = 00
UT = 06
UT = 09
UT = 12
16
UT = 03
UT = 15
UT = 18
UT = 21
DTEC
17. NE Response
Increased upward drifts due to dynamo electric field
Plasma is lifted to higher altitudes
Fejer et al. 2010 JGR
Slower recombination
Increase in plasma density
EIA fed by this plasma
Goncharenko et al. 2010 GRL
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19. NE Response
Asia Pacific Sector
Jan 22, Jan 27, and Feb 7, 2009
PRE SSW
Ne
decrease
SSW
POST SSW
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electrons/m3
12/16/2013
20. Conclusions
IDA4D assimilation algorithm used to study global
response of the ionosphere to the 2009 SSW event.
IDA4D captures salient features of TEC perturbations in
the American sector previously reported by Goncharenko
et al. [2010].
New findings:
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10 TECU decrease in ionospheric TEC in Asia Pacific sector.
American Sector: Plasma density increase in the Appleton
Anomaly region. Also, the Southern Hemisphere peak is lifted
up at the onset of the SSW event.
Asia Pacific Sector: Plasma density decrease in the Appleton
Anomaly region.
SA21C, Fall AG 2013
12/16/2013