report of industrial training done at MAKINO.
For over two decades, Makino Auto Industries Pvt. Ltd. has been the trusted name in the automotive industry. The company's product range of Automotive clutch assemblies, brake assemblies and components are amongst the category leaders in India and discerning markets of the world.
Established in 1990 Makino has 4 plants in India. Started as a Friction Disc manufacturer and now a complete clutch & Brake Solution Provider.
Experts of Automotive Clutches & Brakes (2W, 3W and 4W applications)
Working with major OEM in India for 2 W and 3 W applications
Vision is to provide technologically advanced clutches & brakes for existing and future vehicles.
"MAKINO is committed to consistently provide the Original Equipment Manufacturer and vehicle owner quality products.
in this u will come to know about various processes involved in manufacturing of gears and also get the experience how to make slide show on training reports.
report of industrial training done at MAKINO.
For over two decades, Makino Auto Industries Pvt. Ltd. has been the trusted name in the automotive industry. The company's product range of Automotive clutch assemblies, brake assemblies and components are amongst the category leaders in India and discerning markets of the world.
Established in 1990 Makino has 4 plants in India. Started as a Friction Disc manufacturer and now a complete clutch & Brake Solution Provider.
Experts of Automotive Clutches & Brakes (2W, 3W and 4W applications)
Working with major OEM in India for 2 W and 3 W applications
Vision is to provide technologically advanced clutches & brakes for existing and future vehicles.
"MAKINO is committed to consistently provide the Original Equipment Manufacturer and vehicle owner quality products.
in this u will come to know about various processes involved in manufacturing of gears and also get the experience how to make slide show on training reports.
Grinding gears from solid is a cost effective alternative to hobbing and shaping. When all the right aspects from coolant to power are considered in application, removal rates of 7in³/min/in. Learn who should consider grinding gears from solid and under what situations this methodology is most appropriate from Norton Application Engineers David Graham and Phil Plainte.
Advances in the Grinding of Aerospace Engine MaterialsNortonAbrasivesSGA
Norton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives application engineer, Dr. K.Philip Varghese, shares the results of testing modern grinding and polishing products on common Aerospace materials including gamma titanium aluminide and IN718. Learn how these advancements are saving time and money for the aerospace industry. For more information visit http://nortonsga.us/aerospace.
Rubber extruders have a varied field of application. So, when you come across a rubber profile, strip, hose, cable, wire, cord coating, tire tread, v-belt, tube, or blank remember that they are only a few handful of products manufactured using extrusion process. In this Knowledge On-The-Go Special Supplement, we bring to you a ‘collector’s edition’ on Extruders and Extrusion incorporating the fundamentals.
Mechanically induced Calender Gauge variations relate directly to your rubber calender's mechanical condition. Thus it's basically a maintenance issue. While there are many maintenance issues that could affect your calender performance, these FIVE directly effect your rubber sheet's calendered gauge
Grinding gears from solid is a cost effective alternative to hobbing and shaping. When all the right aspects from coolant to power are considered in application, removal rates of 7in³/min/in. Learn who should consider grinding gears from solid and under what situations this methodology is most appropriate from Norton Application Engineers David Graham and Phil Plainte.
Advances in the Grinding of Aerospace Engine MaterialsNortonAbrasivesSGA
Norton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives application engineer, Dr. K.Philip Varghese, shares the results of testing modern grinding and polishing products on common Aerospace materials including gamma titanium aluminide and IN718. Learn how these advancements are saving time and money for the aerospace industry. For more information visit http://nortonsga.us/aerospace.
Rubber extruders have a varied field of application. So, when you come across a rubber profile, strip, hose, cable, wire, cord coating, tire tread, v-belt, tube, or blank remember that they are only a few handful of products manufactured using extrusion process. In this Knowledge On-The-Go Special Supplement, we bring to you a ‘collector’s edition’ on Extruders and Extrusion incorporating the fundamentals.
Mechanically induced Calender Gauge variations relate directly to your rubber calender's mechanical condition. Thus it's basically a maintenance issue. While there are many maintenance issues that could affect your calender performance, these FIVE directly effect your rubber sheet's calendered gauge
Every Media Works [www.everymediaworks.com] is a Creative Design Agency, that Creates State of the Art Business Presentation and other Multimedia Creative Content for its Clients. Here is one of the Business Presentation that we have Created for SandFits Foundries Pvt. Ltd. Disclaimer : This is for Demonstrative Purposes and not to be used for Commercial Purposes. The Content is Copyrighted to SandFits Foundries Pvt. Ltd. and the usage of Contents can solely be done with discretion of the Content Owner and SandFits Foundries Pvt. Ltd..
RETOP Valve Repairing Grinder update to Model B.
In addition to the features of ordinary model of Valve Repairing Grinders, such as direct grinding after build up welding, omitting of turning, lapping etc. processes and integrated machining of sealing surface in one process, we add new features to our reinforced mode Valve Repairing Grinder Model B, so as to improve operational stability, increase the grinding efficiency, which cannot only be used for grinding of valve seat, valve element, but also grinding of other metal parts.
”The Art” of chosing the right grease lies mainly in proper ranking of the properties required from the base fluid, thickener and additives as a result of the critical operating conditions.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
3. • World-Class products & services at competitive
prices.
• Application Optimized Solutions
• Solutions to improve their rotational efficiency &
effectiveness, in turn making them more successful
and profitable.
MISSION
• The RHA Vision – To be reckoned as one of the leading
players in the Industrial Bearings segment in India.
• We aim to be amongst the top 6 leading brands (in
terms of market share) in Industrial bearing segment
by 2030.
• Our vision serves as the beacon and guides every
aspect of our business by describing what is needed
for achieving sustainable and quality escalation.
VISION
4. • CHANDRAPUR MAHARASTRA - Chandrapur industrial area . India’s largest thermal power
plant, many coal mines, cement and paper factories, huge lime stone deposits, bauxite, iron,
and chromite mines are the sources of wealth for the district.
• Total minerals available in Maharashtra.
Location of our plant in Chandrapur
Industrial Estate in Maharashtra - 442406
7. Introduction to Bearing
The word “Bearing" incorporates the meaning of "to bear," in the sense of "to
support," and "to carry a burden." This refers to the fact that bearings support and
carry the burden of revolving axles.
APPLICATIONS:-
Automotive steering column, printing machine, pumps, rolling mills, planetary gears,
railway experiment etc.
10. Manufacturing Process of Components
Green Manufacturing
Bar or tube stock is fed into
screw machine which cut
the raw materials into rings
of roughly correct
dimension
Heat Treatment
To enhance durability and
increase life of cut metal
piece
Grinding
1-Face Grinding-Grinding stone used
to grind the surface to required
dimension
2-Center Less Grinding-outside
diameters ground to square them
with surfaces.
3-Bore and Race Grinding-inner and
outer groves are cut into raceways
Honing
The groove between the
outer and inner rings in
which the balls run is
honed to nanometer
precision
Cleaning
Cleaning , lubrication and
packaging are conducted in
dust free areas.
11. Manufacturing Process of Components
Pressing- Headers
snip off a short length
of wire and press them
between cup like
depressions
Flashing- The balls roll
between two file cut
disk removing flash
and nibs.
Multiples Groove
Grinding- Making
rolling element
uniform .
Tumbling- To remove
excessive material and
rough spots by abrasive
grit and water.
Heat Treatment-
Hardened and
tempered to give
toughness.
Precision Grinding-
Balls roll against
grinding wheel
12. Manufacturing Process of Components
• Made from low carbon steel, (brass , alloyed steel in
gas turbines).
• Stamped from strip steel.
• Cold formed in shaped dies.
• Two halves are joined by Riveting, Welding.
CAGES
• Used to retain lubricant inside the bearing and to keep
abrasive and corrosive contamination outside the
bearing.
• Stamped from low carbon steel, molded rubber tailored
to specific applications.
SEAL
16. Bill of Material
S.No. Description Material Cost (in Rs.)
1. Balls Ni-Cr Steel Wire 3500/kg
2. Races AISI 52100 175.00/ kg
3 Rollers
High Carbon Chrome
Steel Rods
110.00/kg
4 Cages Brass Sheet 420/kg
17. Machine and their costs
S.No. Activity Machines
Approx.
Cost(Rs. In lakh)
No. of
Machines
1. Manufacturing Bearings
Races by Bar Route
&Seamless Tube Method
CNC Machine for Races
Turning/Machining
20
3
2. Forging Bearing Races
Followed by Heating
Induction Heating Furnace for
Forging 300kW,3 kHz-For All
Lines
20 1
3.
Heat treatment By
Hardening & Tempering
Natural Salt Bath Pit type
Furnace
2 1
4.
Grinding Followed By
Honing Of Outer &Inner
Races
Face Grinder
Centre less Grinder
Bore Grinder
10
8
3
1
1
1
5. Honing Honing Machine 4 1
6.
Washing Of Races Washing Machine(Self
Fabricated)
1.4
1
7. Lapping Machine Lapping Machine
15
1
8.
Cages & Shields
Production by Stamping
Hydraulic Presses & different
Dies
20 3
18. Machine and their costs
9. Pinning In Cages Pinning press 0.2 1
10
Riveting Cages in
Bearings
Riveting Press ,Hydraulic
20 ton
.3 1
11. Cold Heading Cold Heading Machine 12 3
12 Flashing
Ball Flash Removing
Machine
6 1
S.No. Activity Machines
Approx. Cost(Rs.
In lakh)
No. of
Machines
13 Heat Treatment
Hardened Followed by
Tempering on rotatory
Type of Furnace
25 1
14 Tumbling Tumbler 3 1
15 Oil Lapping
With the help of
H.S.Diesel oil and
Chromium Oxide Caustic
Soda Washing Inspection
Grading Greasing
6 1
16
Assembly of Outer
&Inner Races with
Balls/Roller & cage
Marking
Machine/Comparator
4 1
19. Machine and their costs
S.No. Activity Machines
Approx.
Cost(Rs. In
lakh)
No. of
Machines
17
Measuring &
Inspection
Tools and Gauge,
Comparators, Dial Gauges,
Demagnetizers,
Micrometer, Slip gauge,
Surface Plate, Telescope
Gauge, Cylindrical Gauges
etc.
10 1
18 Testing Laboratory Equipment 3 1
19.
Load,RPM,Noise,Tem
perature Checking
Load ,RPM,Noise,
Temperature Inspection
Setup
2 1
20 Packing Sleeve Packing 1 1
21
Workshop Machine
Tools
Surface Grinder/Duplex
Grinder Bench Drilling
machine Pedestal Grinder
Tool post Grinder Electric
Arc Welding M/c 0.5 Work
Shop M/c Tools
18 1
TOTAL COST =2.979 Crores
20. S.No. Activity Estimated Time Period
(Months)
01. Scheme preparation & approval 0 – 2
02. Registration under MSME Act 2006 and sanction of loan 2 - 5
03. Construction of Structure 3-19
03. Placement of Orders for Machines 18-20
04. PFA License 20-22
05. Power Connection 21-23
06. Installation of Machines 23-24
07. Recruitment of Staff & Trial run 24-25
08. Commercial Production 25TH onwards.
28. CATEGORY A (PRICE>₹700 ) SRB10,SRB20,SRB30,SRB40,SRB50,SRB60,SRB70 ,axle boxes
CATEGORY B (700>PRICE>500) CRB60,CRB70,NRB50,NRB60,TRB5085,TRB3065,TRB70100
CATEGORY C (PRICE<₹500) CRB20,CRB30,CRB40,CRB50,SABB15,SABB20,SABB25,SABB30,TR
B1747,NRB20,NRB30,NRB40
SELLING PRICE=
(0.10*A+0.30*B+0.70*C=815.83+202.28+295.33=1313.44
Hence, Selling Price=₹ 1313.44
Forecasted value of N= 3921.65 per day
Hence forecasted no. of products per year=13,33,361.34
ABC ANALYSIS: CATEGERIZATION OF PRODUCTS
29. TOTAL FIXED COST= ₹Cr. 69.0558
Machine Cost 2.979 Cr.
Fixed Wages 6.0792 Cr.
Power Station Equipment 0.2 Cr.
Land(incl. 5% Stamp Duty) 10.1976 Cr.
Cost of Foundation 1.17 Cr.
Cost of Structure 20.925 Cr.
Cost of Flooring 21.91Cr.
Cost of Plastering 0.8455 Cr.
Cost of Wiring 2.52 Cr.
Cost of Furniture 2.12Cr.
TOTAL LAND+
INFRASTRUCTURE
Cr. 59.79
30. • Weighted Average of Weight of Product = 0.6*150+0.4*700=370g
Contribution of Various Components in Weight
• Average Variable Cost Per Product for raw materials = ₹ 499.8
31. • Variable Wages(E5+E6+E7)= Cr.3.852 per annum
• Variable Wages per annum per Product= ₹ 35018.2
• Variable Wages per Day per Product = ₹ 102.99
• Ratio of E5:E6:E7= 1:2:3
• Hence the wages of Unskilled Worker =₹17.165
Semiskilled Worker= ₹34.33
Skilled Worker= ₹51.5
Electricity Cost per Product= ₹38.46(3*12.82)
Transportation Cost per Product= 8% of Selling Price (₹ 105.07)
TOTAL VARIABLE COST=₹ 718.99
32. Formula: Selling Price*N=Fixed Cost + Variable Cost*N
SP= ₹1313.44 (Weighted Average)
FC= ₹69,05,58,000
VC= ₹718.99
Hence, Estimated N= 11,61,675.5 Units
But the Forecasted Value of N= 13,33,361.3 Units
Hence No. of years to achieve the break even point
1-(1333361.3-1161675.5)/(4000*340)= 0.8737 years
Therefore, we’ll require 0.8737 Years to achieve BEP
33. • Assumptions - 1. Constant Demand
2. Instant Supply
3. Shortage not allowed
• Ordering cost Co=₹ 8000
• Carrying cost Cc = (8 %) 0.08 of ₹ 1313.44 = ₹105.072
• Demand = 3921.67*340=1333369.4
• Using formula , EOQ = 𝟐 ∗ 𝑫 ∗ 𝑪𝒐/𝑪𝒄
=14249.24
• No. of orders , n=D/Q
=93.57 per year
34. • Therefore, time between two orders, T= 0.0106 Years(i.e. 3.847 Days)
• Assuming Lead time, L= 4 Days
• Since , T<L
• L’=4-3.847=0.153 Days
• Therefore Reordering Point= L’*D=600 Units
• Therefore, we’ll place an order of 14250 Units in 3.847 days when inventory falls
to 600 Units
35. Quality and Safety Check
RHA Bearings follows ISO/TC 4 ISO STANDARD
Subcommittee Subcommittee Title
ISO/TC 4/SC 4 Tolerances, tolerance definitions and symbols (including GPS)
ISO/TC 4/SC 5 Needle, cylindrical and spherical roller bearings
ISO/TC 4/SC 6 Insert bearings
ISO/TC 4/SC 7 Spherical plain bearings
ISO/TC 4/SC 8 Load ratings and life
ISO/TC 4/SC 9 Tapered roller bearings
ISO/TC 4/SC 11 Linear motion rolling bearings
ISO/TC 4/SC 12 Ball bearings
RHA Bearings is a 6 SIGMA Certified company which enhances the productivity of our company.
RHA Bearings follows ILO (International Labour Organization) Standards.
38. Marketing Methods
• Survey
• Advertisement (In News Paper, In Magazines)
• Social Media (YouTube, Facebook)
• Website (http://amarblp.wixsite.com/rhabearings)
• Organize Bearing Conferences
• Global Business school
• Collaboration with NGOs.