The document discusses the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The sympathetic division acts as a single unit to activate the body's fight or flight response through increased heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar, and pupil dilation. This prepares the body to cope with stressful situations. The parasympathetic division works to conserve energy through rest and digest functions like decreased heart rate and blood pressure and increased digestive processes. It allows the body to recover from stress responses and focus on restorative functions. The ANS has both central and peripheral control and uses different neurotransmitters in its sympathetic and parasympathetic branches to regulate various organ systems.

1. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
By
Dr. K. Ambareesha .,PhD
Department of Physiology Gandhi Medical College& Hospital, TS

2. CONTENTS
1. ANS INTRODUCTION
2. ORIGINE OUT FLOW AND DISTRIBUTION OF
SYMPATHETIC & PARASYMAPTHETIC NERVES
3. NEUROTRANS IN ANS

3. INTRODUCTION

4. SOMATIC Vs AUTONOMIC NS

5. NEUROTRANSMOTORS

6. Anatomical Differences in Sympathetic
and Parasympathetic Divisions

7. Anatomical Differences in Sympathetic
and Parasympathetic Divisions

8. MAJOR CONTROL
1. HIGHER CONTROL – Cerebral cortex, Limbic
system, Hypothalamus, Reticular formation
Pons & Medulla
2. LOWER CONTROL
a. Symapatho adrenal discharge system
b. Parasympathetic discharge system

9. ANS

10. SYMPATHETIC OUT FLOW

11. Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia

12. SYMPATHETIC OUT FLOW

13. Copyright © 2005 Pearson
Education, Inc., publishing as
Benjamin Cummings
Sympathetic Pathways to Periphery
Figure 15.9

14. Postganglionic neurons in the
Sympathetic Division
14

15. Structure of the Parasympathetic
Division
15

16. ANS-SUMMARY

17. Comparison of Somatic and
Autonomic Nervous Systems

18. ANS
SYMPATHETIC
It acts like a single unit to meet
the threats of an indiviual,
through flight/ fight reactions,
to combate the stressful
Condition by way of increase
HR, CO,BP,Blood sugar,
Dialataion of branchial and
pupil
PARASYMPATHETIC
It required for conservation of
energy, hence it has got anabolic
function, such as decreased HR, BP,
Increased metabolic activity,i.e
storage of glycogen, contraction of
pupil, reduced blood flow and
increased GIT juice secreations

20. • UNIVERSITY QUESTIONS:
• Essay:
• Describe the origin and out flow of the
Sympathetic NS, Give examples of stress situation
in which sympathetic activity increases? (10)
• Discuss origin, distribution and functions of
sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
(2+3+2.5+2.5)
• Short Answer (2)
• Neurotransmitters in ANS

21. THANK YOU