Electronic Fuel Injection systems were developed to replace carburetors to improve fuel efficiency and meet emission control standards. The document describes the components and operation of Electronic Fuel Injection systems including: sensors that monitor intake air flow, temperature, pressure, engine speed, throttle position and more; injection types like multi-point and direct injection; and electronic control units that process sensor data and control fuel delivery for optimal performance and emissions.

1. 1
Electronic Fuel Injection
Electronic Fuel Injection we;s úug fya;='
 Carburetor u.ska we;sjk fodaI wjulr .eksu ioyd'
 Emission Control ms<sno wjokh fhduq ùu'
Carburetor u.ska we;sjk fodaI
1. wjYH fõ,djg blaukska l%shd;aul fkdùu'
2. jeä fõ. j,os ksisf,i bkaOk jdhq ñY%Kh fkd,ìu'
3. mßud ld¾laIu;djh wvqh'
4. ieu is,skavrhlgu tl f,i bkaOk jdhq ñY%Kh fkd,eìu'
5. wvq o;a; m%udKhla wkqj bkaOk jdhq ñY%Kh iemhsu ksid mßir ÿIKh
jeäúu'

2. 2
by; fya;=ka uq,sl f,i Fuel Injection System tlla we;súug fya;= úh'
fuu l%uh c¾uka cd;slhka úiska fidhd.kakd ,oaols' fuh fudag¾ r:
j,g fhdod.eksug m%:u .=jka hdkd j, fhdodf.k we;s nj ioykah'
miqj fuh fudag¾ r: fl%a;%h ioyd fhdod.kakd ,os' uq,a ld,fhaos t;rï
id¾:l l%uhla fkdjqk;a fuh wojk úg fudag¾ r: fl%aI;%fha úYd, fmr,shla
we;slsßug iu;a úh'
Electronic Fuel Injection System uq,sl jYfhka m%Odk fldgia follska oelaúh
yel'
 úoskq ,nka ia:dkh u;'
 úoskq ,nk wdldrh u;'
úoskq ,nka ia:dkh u; j¾.SlrKh lsßu
 Multi point injection (M.P.I)
 Single point injection
 Direct injection (G.D.I)

3. 3
Multi point injection
nyq,ju fudag¾ r:j, ndú;d
jkqfha fuu l%uhhs' fuys Engine ys ieu
is,skavrhlg Injector tl ne.ska iú ù
we;s w;r Inlet valve tl u;g úosu
fuu l%uh hgf;a isÿfõ'
Single point injection
fuh nyq,ju ndú;d fkdjk l%uhls'
fuysos isÿjkafka Throtle valve wdikakfha
Injector tlla we;s w;r th tl os.gu
úosug i,iaj ;sìuhs' fuu l%uh ioyd jeä
o;a; m%udKhla i,lkq fkd,nhs'

4. 4
Direct injection
fuh E.F.I l%ufha jeäoshqKq l, l%uhls' tkï fuysos ieu is,skavrhlgu
Injector tl ne.ska iújk w;r fuh Piston h u;gu úosu isÿlrhs' tysos Piston
o úfYaI yevhlska iukaú;h'
fuu l%uh jvd;a ndú;d lrkq ,nkafka Mitsubishi iud.u úisks' fuysos
Emission Control ;j;a wju lsßu ioyd E.G.R (Exhaust Gas Recirculation)
nú;d lr we;s w;r fuh bkaOk msßueiau w;ska fydo l%uhls' tkï fuys
G.D.I l%shd;aul jk úg bkaOk jdhq ñY%Kh 40:1 olajd Lean mixture f,i ,nd
fokq we;'
fuyso lsßu ioyd fjkuu Unite tlla we;s w;r Submersible pump g
wu;rj fjku High pressure petrol pump o Ndú;d fõ'

5. 5
úoskq ,nk wdldrh u; j¾.slrKh lsßu
úoskq ,nk wdldrh u; j¾. folg fnosh yel
 Intermittent injection / Control Injection
(iúrdu úÿu)
 Continuous Injection
(tldldß úÿu
Intermittent injection
fuh m%Odk f,i fldgia ;=klska iukaú; fõ tkï
1. Sequel Injection
2. Simultaneous Injection
3. Group Injection

6. 6
Sequel Injection
fuh úoskq ,nkafka Firing Oder tl wkqj fõ' tkï is,skavr 04 ys
tkacsula kï wjia:d y;rlos fjk fjku Fuel úosu isÿlrkq ,nhs'
Firing Oder 1,3,4,2 kï
Simultaneous Injection
fuh wjia:d follos úosu isÿlrkq ,nhs' tkï is,skavr y;rla kï
is,skavr y;rgu fojrlos úoskq ,nhs' fuh mßir ÿIKh wju jk l%uhls'
idudkHfhka fudag¾ r:hl Sequel yd Simultaneous hk folu ndú;d lr
we;s w;r Starting yd Sadden acceleration ysos Simultaneous l%uh ndú;d
fkdlrhs'

7. 7
Group Injection
fuu l%uh is,skavr jeä fudag¾ r:j, fhfoa fndfyda úg V Type Engine
ioyd nú;d lrkq ,nhs' fuysos Bank follg wjia:d follos Injection lsßu
isÿlrkq ,nhs'
Continuous Injection
fuh fndfyda úg Single point injection (Mono Injection) j, fhdok w;r
jdykh mk.ekajq fudfydf;a isg bkaOk úosu isÿlrkq ,nhs'
fuh l%uh K Jetronic Ndú;d jq fudag¾ r: j,o oelsh yelsh'

8. 8
Injectors
Injectors m%Odk f,i j¾. folla oelaúh yelsh
1. Top Feed Injectors
nyq,ju oelsh yels jkqfha fuu j¾.fha Injectors fõ' fuys
Injectors socket tl me;af;ka iúúug we; Fuel Injectors Wäka
meñfkhs'
2. Boottom Feed Injectors
fuh nyq,j oelsh fkdyels w;r t;rï Ndú;d fkdfõ' fuys
Injectors socket Injectors by,ska iïnkaO ú we;'

9. 9
E F I System ioyd o;a; ,nd.kakd wdldrh
fuu l%uh o;a; mokï lrf.k f.dvke.= l%uhla jk w;r o;a;
,nd.eksu ioyd Sensor ndú;d lrkq ,nhs' ish¿ o;a; ,ndf.k tjd md,kh
lsßug mß>Klhla we; th Electronic Control Unit (E C U) f,i yÿkajkq
,efí'
E F I moaO;sl we;s Sensor j¾.
 Air flow sensor
 Intake air temperature sensor
 Barometric pressure sensor
 Coolant temperature sensor
 Throttle position sensor
 Engine speed
 Manifold vacuum sensor
 Idler position sensor
 Vehicle speed sensor
 Crank angle sensor
 Cam angle sensor
 Knock sensor
 O2 sensor / Lambda sensor
 Battery voltage
 Injectors signal
 Fuel pump signal
 Purge control solenoid valve

10. 10
Air Flow Sensor
fuh we;=,g .kakd jd;
mßudj ueK.eksu ioyd fhdod we;'
fuys Potency meter (Variable assister)
tlla ndú;d fõ'
idudkaHfhka by; ls j¾.h
uq,slj jd; mßudj muKla ukskq ,nhs fuys fodaI iy.; ;;ajhkao fõ'
fuh u.yrjd .eksug Air mass sensor ndú;d lrkq olakg ,efí'
Air mass sensor
1. Hot wire type
fuysos isÿjkqfha tl ksúug .;jk ld,h
wkqj t ;=,ska w;=,g .kakd jd; m%udKh
ueksuls' fuh by; l%uhg jdvd
id¾:lfõ'
2. Hot air film type

11. 11
Carmanwartec sensor
fuh Mitsubishi ys nyq,j ndú;d õ' fuu.ska isÿlrka ,nkafka ndOlhla
u.ska iq,s we;slr tu.ska .;a jdhqj Micro valve tlla wdOdrfhka uek .eksuls'
fuys Air temperature fjku ueksh hq;=h'

12. 12
Intake air temperature sensor
we;=,g .kakd jd;fha WIAK;ajh
ueksu fuu.ska isÿlrkq ,nhs'
Barometric pressure sensor
jdhqf.da,sh msvkh ueksu fuu.ska
isÿfõ'

13. 13
Coolant temperature sensor
tkacsu l%shdldß WIAK;ajhg
(Working temperature)meñK
;sfíoeh ne,su isÿlrKq ,nhs'
Throttle position sensor
Throttle valve jh wereKq
m%udKh ueksu isÿlrkq
,nhs'
Idler position sensor
Engine idler ;;ajfha
;sfíoehs yÿkd .eksu'

14. 14
Crank angle sensor
tkacsfuys m<uq fyda y;rjk
Piston tl yÿkd .eksu fuu.ska
isÿlrkq ,nhs'
Cam angle sensor
Compression TDC
yÿkd.eksu yd Firing
order mj;ajdf.k heu
fuu.ska isÿfõ'

15. 15
Knock sensor
Ignition advance
retard úu md,kh lrkq
,nhs' fuh Engine
block ys iúúh hq;=
w;r kshñ; Torque
tlg iúl, hq;=hs'
fuh úfYaI jq
Sensor la jk w;r fuh Piezoelectrio eliment (;srejdk úfYaIhla) u.ska ksmojd
we;s w;r lmamkhlos fuh ;=, úNj wka;rhla we;sfõ' Motronic l%uh ndú;
jk moaO;shl wksjd¾h f,i fuh ;sìh hq;=h'
O2 sensor / Lambda sensor
msgdr jdhqfõ O2 m%;sY;h ueksu
isÿlrkq ,nhs'

16. 16
Battery voltage
EFI moaO;sh l%shd;aul lsßug wjYH Odrdj ;sfíoehs mßlaId lsßu'
Purge control solenoid valve
pdflda,a leksiag¾ ys we;s Petrol jdIamh kej; Intake manifold tlg
,ndosu fuu.ska isÿlrkq ,efí' fuh Engine part load fyda Cruse control
wjia:dj, l%shd;aul fõ'
Rail pressure regulator
fuh EFI moaOd;shl we;s
iqúfYAIs ldrhhla bgqlrk
fldgils' fuu.ska flfrk m%Odk
ld¾Hh jkqfha Manifold pressure
yd Rail pressure w;r we;s mSvk
fjki kshñ; mßos ;nd.eksuhs'
tkï fuysos bkaOk úosug
n,mdk m%Odk ldrHh jkafka
Injector weß we;s ld,hhs( Injector drive time )' th w;r iïnkaOh mj;skqfha
Pressure regulator u;h'

17. 17
O2 sensor ys l%shdldß;ajh
fuho iqúfYaIs jq fldgils fuho ksßudKh ú we;af;a Piezo ceramic j,ks' fuu
Sensor l%shd;aul jk wjia:djl tu moaO;sh Close loop system tlla f,i
yeoskafõ'
Close loop system tl l%shd;aul fkdjk wjia:d
 Full load
 Cold start
 First start
 Sadden start