automatic streetlight control using ldr ppt
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This document describes an automatic street light control circuit using an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). The circuit uses an LM358 operational amplifier, a relay, an LDR, resistors, a capacitor, a transistor, and a lamp. It works by turning the street light on when the LDR detects low light levels and turning it off when high light levels are detected, thereby automatically controlling the street light and saving energy. The circuit was designed and simulated using Proteus software and implemented on a breadboard.
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automatic street light
This document describes an automatic street light circuit designed by students Abhishek and Ajith Kumar at Kalasalingam University. The circuit uses a light dependent resistor and transistors to sense when it is nighttime and turn on a street light. It includes a block diagram and circuit diagram. The components used are a relay, voltage regulator, fuse, light dependent resistor, resistors, transistors, battery, and lamp. When it is dark, the resistance of the light dependent resistor increases, which turns on the transistor and energizes the relay to power the street light. This circuit automatically switches the light on at night and off during the day to prevent wasting electricity.
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372269780-Ppt-Automatic-Street-Light.ppt
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aut street light ppt.pdf
This document describes an automatic street light system that uses a light dependent resistor (LDR) and transistor to automatically switch a street light on and off. The main components are an LDR, transistor, resistors, LED, battery and PCB board. The LDR senses light levels and changes its resistance accordingly. When it gets dark, the LDR's resistance increases which turns on the transistor and lights. During the day when light hits the LDR, its resistance decreases and the lights switch off. The system provides energy savings, low cost operation, and automated control of street lights based on light levels.
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372269780-Ppt-Automatic-Street-Light.ppt
OEKRWPOEJPWOEWPOEJTPWOEJTPOWEJTPWOEJTPWOEJTPWOEJTPWOEJTPWOEJTPWOJTPWOJTPWOEJYPWOEJYPWOEJTPWOEJTPWOETJPWEOTJPWOEJTPWOEJTPOWEJTPOWEJTPOWEJTPOWEJTPWOEJTPOWEJTPOWIEJTWIEHJTOWIEHTOIWEHTPOIEJGLSDJGLSDHGLSIHGOSIEHGLSDKHGLSKDGOWIEHGOSIEHGLSIDHGLSKDGHLSIHGSLIEHGLSIEHGLSIHEGLSIEHGLSIHEGLSIDHGLSIEHGOSIEHGLSIDGHSLIEHGLSIEHGLSIEGHLSIHGLSEIGHLSIHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSEIHGLISEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLIESHGLSIEHGLSIEHGLSEIGHLSEIGHLSIEGHLSIEHGLSEIHGLSEIHGLSEIGHLSEIGHSLEIG
aut street light ppt.pdf
This document describes an automatic street light system that uses a light dependent resistor (LDR) and transistor to automatically switch a street light on and off. The main components are an LDR, transistor, resistors, LED, battery and PCB board. The LDR senses light levels and changes its resistance accordingly. When it gets dark, the LDR's resistance increases which turns on the transistor and lights. During the day when light hits the LDR, its resistance decreases and the lights switch off. The system provides energy savings, low cost operation, and automated control of street lights based on light levels.
Automatic sreet light شروع1 1
-introduction:
Many of the people have a phobia of darkness, so to assist them in such situation, we have explained a simple circuit. It will automatically turn on street light in the way of LEDs or bulb coupled with relay.
Automatic street light system is very common nowadays as it provides intelligent street lighting mechanism. It provides light automatically during night without any human interference. These energy saving street lights make use of incandescent lamps instead of LEDs .So here I will study with you how to make an electronic circuit for street light automation using simple electronics component .
- Objectives of the Project
Reducing the wastage of power
Reducing physical efforts
Improve the system in our daily life
-CIRCUIT WORK PRINCIPLE:
The lamp(street bulb) should remain OFF during daytime and turn ON automatically during night. The unique property of light depended resistor is utilized here. LDR is a variable resistor which has very low resistance in the presence of light and very high resistance in the absence of light.In this circuit, we create a potential divider network with an ordinary resistor in one arm and a LDR on the other arm. According to Ohm’s law (V=IR), voltage drop across the resistor increases when its resistance increases. Here the drop across LDR varies with changes in light intensity. That is voltage drop across the LDR is minimum in the presence of light and maximum in the absence of light
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Automatic street lights have three main advantages: reduced human effort for manual operation, reduced wastage of power by turning off lights during daylight hours, and being more economical than traditional street lights. The key components of an automatic street light include a light dependent resistor (LDR) that decreases resistance with more light and increases it with less light, providing a signal to an operational amplifier. The operational amplifier compares the LDR voltage signal to a reference voltage and turns the street light on at dusk and off at dawn automatically. This automation provides benefits like lower overheating risk, minimized accidents, energy efficiency, and low operation costs while enhancing safety and security with automatic light control.
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This system uses an H-bridge motor drive IC for controlling the DC motor from corresponding switches used by the user for pressing. The four switches are connected to the circuit for controlling the movement of the motor. One slide switch interfaced to the circuit is for controlling the alternative direction of the DC motor. A 555 timers is used in the project to develop the required PWM pulses for speed control. The relays are used for changing the polarities of the motor as well as to apply brake to the motor. In the regenerative mode, the current is applied to the circuit in such a way that a revere torque is produced to stop the motor instantaneously .
The four-quadrant control of the DC motor is archived by the varying duty cycles from a 555 timer and their changing polarity with the H-bridge IC by appropriate switch pressing. The alternative speed control feature is achieved by a slide switch operation.
This project in future can be improved by using higher-power electronic devices to operate high- capacity DC motors. Regenerative braking for optimizing the power consumption can also be incorporated.
1396740 634706422070340000
This document describes the design of an adaptive traffic light controller based on a custom protocol. The system uses an AT89S52 microcontroller, infrared sensors, LEDs, a 555 timer, and other components to automatically control traffic lights based on vehicle density. It summarizes the components used - including the microcontroller, infrared LEDs, 555 timer, photodiodes, and LED traffic lights. It also provides details on how these components work and are integrated into a circuit to automatically detect vehicles and adaptively control the traffic signals.
AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT PRESENTATION
This document describes an automatic street light system that uses an LDR (light dependent resistor) and transistor to automatically turn street lights on at night. The main components are an LDR, transistor, resistor, LED, and battery. The LDR detects low light levels and sends a signal to the transistor to turn on the LED light. This system saves energy by only powering the lights when it is dark. Potential applications include street lighting and domestic lighting to reduce electricity waste.
Automatic street light using ldr and relay
The document describes an automatic street light controller circuit that uses relays and an LDR (light dependent resistor). The circuit uses an LDR, which has a resistance that changes based on light levels, along with some other components connected to an operational amplifier IC. The circuit is able to automatically turn on street lights or household lights when it gets dark based on the changing resistance of the LDR. It provides light when needed using very few, low power components, requiring no manual operation or maintenance.
Shadow alarm
The document describes a shadow intruder alarm circuit that uses a light dependent resistor (LDR). The circuit can detect movement of a person near it based on changes in light/shadow falling on the LDR, and trigger an alarm. It has applications for security at shops, warehouses, and homes. The circuit works by sounding an alarm when the LDR resistance increases due to a shadow blocking light on it. This allows the circuit to detect intruders without needing an aligned light beam. The document provides details on the components used in the circuit like the LDR, transistor, resistors, capacitors, and relay. It also gives background information on LDRs and their applications in security and other devices.
Solid state devices rajni tripathi
This document is a project report submitted to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics. It provides a PowerPoint presentation on solid state devices. The presentation introduces solid state devices and covers topics such as P and N type materials, PN junctions, diodes and their types including Zener diodes, transistors and their types, integrated circuits, and the advantages of solid state devices. It describes how silicon and germanium are used to make diodes and how dopants create P and N type materials. It also explains how PN junctions work and the differences between forward and reverse bias. Different types of diodes like LEDs and photodiodes are outlined along with their uses. The presentation concludes by
IRJET- Smart Street Lighting based on Pulse Width Modulation
This document describes a smart street lighting system that uses a switched capacitor-based DC-DC converter and automatic intensity control based on ambient light and vehicle movement to improve energy efficiency. The system uses a solar PV array to charge batteries and power LED street lights. An IR sensor detects vehicles and an LDR sensor controls light intensity based on ambient light. A microcontroller controls the converter duty cycle to produce minimum light intensity without vehicles and maximum intensity with vehicles detected, saving energy when full brightness is not needed. Simulations and a prototype were developed to test and verify the automatic intensity control and energy savings of the smart street lighting system.
Invisible broken wire detector
INVISIBLE BROKEN WIRE DETECTOR PROJECT REPORT
PRESENTED BY,
RITESH PATIL
APURVA NEMADE
DARSHAN PATIL
LDR-experimentation.pdfpg. 1 COVENTRY UNIVERSITY .docx
LDR-experimentation.pdf
pg. 1
COVENTRY UNIVERSITY
Faculty Of Engineering & Computing
AAEE
Light Depended Resistors (LDRs)
Introduction
The light dependent resistor, LDR, is known by many other names such as photoresistor,
photoconductor, photoconductive cell, or simply the photocell. These devices were discovered by an
English electrical engineer Willoughby Smith back in 1873. Smith’s main line of work in 1848 was the
laying of underwater telegraph cables. He developed a method of testing an underwater cable as it
was being laid. One of the insulation materials used for the cable was selenium. Upon investigation
of the properties of the selenium insulator he discovered that the conductivity properties of the
material were affected by light. He published his findings in 1873.
Since then many variants of photoconductive devices have been made. Other LDRs have been made
using materials including cadmium sulphide, lead sulphide, and the more commonly used
semiconductor materials including germanium, silicon and gallium arsenide.
The most popular material used in making LDRs is cadmium sulphide (CdS).
The LDR finds many uses as a low cost photo sensitive element and was used for many years in
photographic light meters as well as in other applications such as lighting controls for street lamps
etc.
Basic structure of an LDR
There are many ways in which light dependent resistors can be manufactured. Essentially the LDR
consists of a resistive material sensitive to light. The photo resistive element comprises section of the
material with contacts at either end. Although many of the materials used for light dependent
resistors are semiconductors, when used as a photo resistor, they are used only as a resistive and
they are purely passive.
A typical structure for a light dependent or photo resistor uses an active semiconductor layer that is
deposited on an insulating substrate. The semiconductor is normally lightly doped to enable it to have
the required level of conductivity. Contacts are then placed either side of the exposed area.
Fig 1 (a,b,c) Close-Up of an LDR (a) Cadmium sulphate (b) and LDR symbol (c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
pg. 2
In many instances the area between the contacts is in the form of a zig zag, or interdigital pattern.
This maximises the exposed area and by keeping the distance between the contacts small it enhances
the gain (see Fig.1 (a).
Although other devices such as photodiodes or photo-transistors can also be used for light sensing
applications, LDRs are a particularly convenient electronic component to use. They provide large
change in resistance for changes in light level. They are of comparatively speaking of a lower cost as
compared to other light responding devices.
How an LDR works
It is relatively easy to understand the basics of how an LDR works without delving into complicated
explanations. It is first necessary to understand that an electrical ...
Unit5 power devices and display devices class9
Unit5 power devices and display devices class9Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology
Electronic Devices Unit 5 Power Devices and Display Devices. All the topics in unit 5 are covered in this presentation.Led and varactor diode
This ppt will explain the basic operation, advantages, disadvantages, applications of LED and operation, characteristics and applications of varactor diodes.
Similar to automatic streetlight control using ldr ppt (20)
IRJET- Smart Street Lighting based on Pulse Width Modulation
IRJET- Smart Street Lighting based on Pulse Width Modulation
LDR-experimentation.pdfpg. 1 COVENTRY UNIVERSITY .docx
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
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Adaptive synchronous sliding control for a robot manipulator based on neural ...
Robot manipulators have become important equipment in production lines, medical fields, and transportation. Improving the quality of trajectory tracking for
robot hands is always an attractive topic in the research community. This is a
challenging problem because robot manipulators are complex nonlinear systems
and are often subject to fluctuations in loads and external disturbances. This
article proposes an adaptive synchronous sliding control scheme to improve trajectory tracking performance for a robot manipulator. The proposed controller
ensures that the positions of the joints track the desired trajectory, synchronize
the errors, and significantly reduces chattering. First, the synchronous tracking
errors and synchronous sliding surfaces are presented. Second, the synchronous
tracking error dynamics are determined. Third, a robust adaptive control law is
designed,the unknown components of the model are estimated online by the neural network, and the parameters of the switching elements are selected by fuzzy
logic. The built algorithm ensures that the tracking and approximation errors
are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller is effective with small synchronous tracking errors, and the chattering phenomenon is
significantly reduced.
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automatic streetlight control using ldr ppt
- 1. by:- Er. AnAnd kumAr mAuryA ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROL USING LDR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 1
- 2. April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 2 Unnecessary use of energy. There is no use of street light in day time and man power .
- 3. INTRODUCTION April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 3 Many of the people have a phobia of darkness so that to assist them in such situation we have explained a simple circuit . It will automatically turn on street light in the way of LEDs or BULBs coupled with relay. Working this circuit is very much easy and also the power consumed by the circuit is very low because of the few components used in circuit.
- 4. IC-LM358 RELAY LIGHT DEPANDENT RESISTOR (LDR) RESISTOR (VR, FR) CAPACITOR TRANSISTOR LAMP COMPONENTS REQUIRED April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 4
- 5. April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 5 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
- 6. IC-LM358 April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 6 o The LM358 has consists of two independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. o Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. o The LM358 and LM2904 are available in a chip sized package using National’s micro SMD package technology.
- 7. IC-LM358 April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 7
- 8. RELAY April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 8 o Relay is an electrically operated switch . o Current flowing through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever and changes the switch contacts. o It has 3-pin, 4-pin, 5-pin etc.….. But we have use 5-pin in our circuit diagram.
- 9. LIGHT DEPANDENT RESISTOR (LDR) April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 9 o Sensitivity depends on intensity of light. o Resistance of LDR decrease with increase in intensity of light and vive-versa
- 10. RELAY April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 10 o As no input state the COM is connected to NC and when operating V is applied to relay coil get energized and COM is now with NO
- 11. RESISTOR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 11 o It is a passive component having two terminals that are used to mange the current flow in the circuit. o A current that flows via a resistor is directly proportional to the voltage that appeared into resistor o Two types: (1) Fixed value resistor (2) Variable resistor
- 12. Fixed type Variable type RESISTOR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 12
- 13. CAPACITOR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 13 o A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two terminal electrical component used to store electrical energy temporarily in an electric field. o The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric o The conductors can be thin films ,foils or sintered beads of metal or conductive electrolyte, etc. o The nonconducting dielectric acts to increase the capacitor's charge capacity. A dielectric can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, vacuum, paper, mica, oxid layer etc.
- 14. CAPACITOR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 14 Types of capacitor Symbols
- 15. BC547 TRANSISTOR April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 15 o It is a general purpose silicon, NPN bipolar junction transistor. It is used for amplification and switch purpose o Here, for switching purpose biased so that it remains on if there is signal at its base other wise completely off
- 16. LAMP April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 16 o The lamp is used as the load for the output. o In place of lamp LEDs and BULBs are used.
- 17. OUR PROGRESS April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 17 1. Simulation using proteus:-
- 18. OUR PROGRESS April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 18 2.Circuit design on bread board:-
- 19. April 18, 2017 LDR BASE STREET LIGHT CONTROL 19