The document provides an overview of IT audit concepts including:
- Why IT systems need to be audited due to risks of errors, inaccuracies, and deficiencies affecting financial reporting
- The types of IT controls including general controls over the IT infrastructure and environment, and application controls specific to automated applications
- Examples of minimum areas to assess for IT general controls including entity-level controls, access security, change management, backup/recovery and third parties
- Risks that can occur if IT general controls are deficient including inaccurate or unauthorized processing, data issues, and unauthorized access or changes
IT General Controls Presentation at IIA Vadodara Audit ClubKaushal Trivedi
The document discusses threats to information technology systems such as data theft, cyberattacks, and system vulnerabilities. It then provides an overview of information technology general controls (ITGCs) and how they are important for ensuring the secure, stable, and reliable performance of technology systems. Finally, it discusses specific areas of focus for ITGCs such as security management, change management, and testing methodologies.
Presentation on iso 27001-2013, Internal Auditing and BCMShantanu Rai
The document is a presentation summarizing an internship at an IT company working on three projects: 1) Creating a roadmap for transitioning to ISO 27001:2013 which involved gap analysis and updating controls. 2) Mapping the internal auditing process which involves scheduling, preparing, conducting, and reporting on audits. 3) Analyzing a specific business continuity scenario which included identifying critical processes, calculating response times, and planning infrastructure and response to incidents. The internship provided learning around differences in standards, assessing controls, conducting audits, and creating business continuity plans.
This document discusses IT general controls, which are controls that ensure information processing takes place in a reasonably controlled and consistent environment. It describes different types of IT general controls such as logical access controls, program change controls, and IT operations controls. Logical access controls ensure proper user access and passwords while program change controls mandate separate development and production environments and documentation of changes. The document also distinguishes between tests of controls, which evaluate if application and IT general controls are designed and operating effectively, and tests of transactions, which sample data to indirectly assess if an application control is functioning properly over time.
The document discusses auditing IT infrastructure including hardware, networks, and telecommunications devices. It provides details on objectives of IT audits such as assessing continuity, management/maintenance, and security of systems. It also discusses standards and guidelines for auditing such as CobiT, ISO 27001, and reviewing hardware assets, network design, security, backups, and telecommunication agreements and invoices.
The document discusses several IT audit methodologies: CobiT, BS 7799, BSI, ITSEC, and Common Criteria. It provides an overview of each methodology, including their main uses, structures, and summaries. CobiT is used for IT audits and governance and has 4 domains and 34 processes. BS 7799 focuses on information security management and lists 109 security controls. BSI is the German IT baseline protection manual with 34 security modules. ITSEC and Common Criteria are evaluation criteria used for security certification.
The document outlines key areas for an ITGC audit of ERP systems, including developing and maintaining policies and procedures, installing and testing application software, managing changes, defining and managing service levels, managing third party services, ensuring system security, managing problems and incidents, managing data, and managing operations. Procedures are in place for each area to ensure systems are developed according to policies, changes are managed through formal processes, security and access controls are implemented, incidents are addressed, data is protected, backed up and operations are standardized.
Due to the dramatic increase of threats worldwide, there is a need for the companies to find ways how to increase the information security. Therefore, one solution is to implement the ISO/IEC 27001 in order to protect information both internally and externally.
Main points that will be covered are:
• The scope of ISO 27001 & associated other standards references
• Information Security and ISIM Terminologies
• ISIM auditing principles
• Managing audit program & audit activities
Presenter:
Eng. Kefah El-Ghobbas is a specialist in ‘Business Process Excellence' through ‘Business Process Re-engineering' with over 20 years of experience.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/rTxA8PVULUs
IT General Controls Presentation at IIA Vadodara Audit ClubKaushal Trivedi
The document discusses threats to information technology systems such as data theft, cyberattacks, and system vulnerabilities. It then provides an overview of information technology general controls (ITGCs) and how they are important for ensuring the secure, stable, and reliable performance of technology systems. Finally, it discusses specific areas of focus for ITGCs such as security management, change management, and testing methodologies.
Presentation on iso 27001-2013, Internal Auditing and BCMShantanu Rai
The document is a presentation summarizing an internship at an IT company working on three projects: 1) Creating a roadmap for transitioning to ISO 27001:2013 which involved gap analysis and updating controls. 2) Mapping the internal auditing process which involves scheduling, preparing, conducting, and reporting on audits. 3) Analyzing a specific business continuity scenario which included identifying critical processes, calculating response times, and planning infrastructure and response to incidents. The internship provided learning around differences in standards, assessing controls, conducting audits, and creating business continuity plans.
This document discusses IT general controls, which are controls that ensure information processing takes place in a reasonably controlled and consistent environment. It describes different types of IT general controls such as logical access controls, program change controls, and IT operations controls. Logical access controls ensure proper user access and passwords while program change controls mandate separate development and production environments and documentation of changes. The document also distinguishes between tests of controls, which evaluate if application and IT general controls are designed and operating effectively, and tests of transactions, which sample data to indirectly assess if an application control is functioning properly over time.
The document discusses auditing IT infrastructure including hardware, networks, and telecommunications devices. It provides details on objectives of IT audits such as assessing continuity, management/maintenance, and security of systems. It also discusses standards and guidelines for auditing such as CobiT, ISO 27001, and reviewing hardware assets, network design, security, backups, and telecommunication agreements and invoices.
The document discusses several IT audit methodologies: CobiT, BS 7799, BSI, ITSEC, and Common Criteria. It provides an overview of each methodology, including their main uses, structures, and summaries. CobiT is used for IT audits and governance and has 4 domains and 34 processes. BS 7799 focuses on information security management and lists 109 security controls. BSI is the German IT baseline protection manual with 34 security modules. ITSEC and Common Criteria are evaluation criteria used for security certification.
The document outlines key areas for an ITGC audit of ERP systems, including developing and maintaining policies and procedures, installing and testing application software, managing changes, defining and managing service levels, managing third party services, ensuring system security, managing problems and incidents, managing data, and managing operations. Procedures are in place for each area to ensure systems are developed according to policies, changes are managed through formal processes, security and access controls are implemented, incidents are addressed, data is protected, backed up and operations are standardized.
Due to the dramatic increase of threats worldwide, there is a need for the companies to find ways how to increase the information security. Therefore, one solution is to implement the ISO/IEC 27001 in order to protect information both internally and externally.
Main points that will be covered are:
• The scope of ISO 27001 & associated other standards references
• Information Security and ISIM Terminologies
• ISIM auditing principles
• Managing audit program & audit activities
Presenter:
Eng. Kefah El-Ghobbas is a specialist in ‘Business Process Excellence' through ‘Business Process Re-engineering' with over 20 years of experience.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/rTxA8PVULUs
The document discusses two broad groupings of information systems control activities: general controls and application controls. General controls relate to many IS applications and support effective application controls by ensuring continued operation of IS. They include logical access controls, system development life cycle controls, program change management controls, and data center physical security controls. Application controls are designed to ensure complete and accurate processing of data from input through output and include controls over input, processing, and output of applications. The design of general controls depends on application control requirements and enterprise risk management, while reliance on application controls depends on the design and operating effectiveness of general controls.
Basics in IT Audit and Application Control Testing Dinesh O Bareja
IT Audit and Application Control Testing are large and complex activities in themselves, and it is my presentation to share the basics here, based on my own experience and using guidance from IIA GTAGs.
An IT security audit involves independently examining an organization's IT systems, controls, policies and procedures. The document outlines the key steps in an IT audit including planning, testing and reporting. It also discusses defining auditors and their roles, preparing for an audit, and how audits are conducted at the application level to assess controls related to administration, security, disaster recovery and more. The goal of an audit is to evaluate security adequacy and recommend improvements.
Defining an IT Auditor,
IT Auditor Certifications & ISACA,
IT Audit Phases,
Preparing to be Audited,
How IT auditor audits an Applications,
Auditing technology for Information System.
This document provides information about an ISO 27001 awareness training course held by K2A Training Academy. The one-day course aims to help participants understand how to safeguard organizational data and information from both external and internal threats. It covers topics such as information security background, risks and controls, and the ISO 27001 certification process. Breaks are scheduled during the day for tea and lunch. Attendees are not permitted to smoke or use their mobile devices during the sessions.
ISO/IEC 20000 is an international standard for IT service management that specifies requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and improving an IT service management system. It aims to ensure consistent service delivery and provide customers with proof of effective IT service management. While based on ITIL best practices, ISO/IEC 20000 differs in that it focuses on certifying an organization's quality management system and processes rather than individual qualifications. Organizations can become certified through an independent audit to demonstrate their compliance with over 200 requirements specified in the standard.
This document outlines a project plan for implementing an Information Security Management System (ISMS) compliant with ISO 27001 in an organization. The plan defines the project goals as obtaining ISO 27001 certification by a target date, identifies key results and risks, and provides a schedule and roles. It also describes tools and documents that will be used, such as a shared folder for all project materials and regular reporting from the project manager.
Understanding this course help you have an idea on how the audit assessment is performed and where the focus lies. General controls take a large percentage of the entire Audit function and should be paid adequate attention during the session.
The document discusses HIPAA compliance requirements and how organizations can demonstrate compliance through HITRUST certification. It provides an overview of HIPAA, HITECH, and Omnibus Rule regulations regarding privacy, security, breach notification and business associate responsibilities. It then outlines the mission and objectives of HITRUST to establish trust in healthcare information sharing through a certifiable compliance framework. The document explains how organizations can address HIPAA compliance gaps and demonstrate compliance to auditors by pursuing HITRUST certification.
This document discusses operations security principles and controls. It covers general security concepts like accountability, separation of duties, and least privilege. It then details various technical, physical, and administrative controls for securing hardware, software, data, communications, facilities, personnel, and operations. The goals are to prevent security issues, detect any violations, and enable recovery of systems and data if problems occur. Key areas covered include access controls, backup and disaster recovery, change management, and configuration management.
The security of information systems and business-critical information needs constant managing to ensure your operational continuity and data protection. ISO 27001 Information Security Management Systems certification allows you to stand out from the competition through strong information security measurement.
This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on ISO 27001 and information security management systems (ISMS). It introduces key terms like information security, the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity and availability. It describes the components of an ISMS like policy, procedures, risk assessment and controls. It explains that ISO 27001 specifies requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an ISMS. The standard is popular because it can be used by all organizations to improve security, comply with regulations and build trust. Implementing an ISMS also increases awareness, reduces risks and justifies security spending.
This document summarizes an IT security audit conducted on the information systems of the Companies Division. The audit was outsourced to external consultants and assessed application, network, and physical security. It identified vulnerabilities in various areas and provided recommendations to address them within specified timeframes. The audit deliverables included reports outlining the methodology, findings, and corrective action plans. The benefits of the audit included strengthening security policies and controls, implementing physical access controls, and establishing a process to continuously monitor and improve the security of the information system.
In a risk based audit approach, IS auditors are not just relying on risk. They are also relying on internal and operational controls as well as knowledge of the organisation. This type of risk assessment decision can help relate the cost/benefit analysis of the control to the known risk, allowing practical choices.
ISO 27001 is an information security standard that specifies requirements for an information security management system (ISMS). It contains 11 domains that describe 133 controls/countermeasures to manage vulnerabilities and threats to information. An organization implements an ISMS based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle to establish, operate, monitor, maintain, and improve their information security system over time.
The document provides an overview and implementation guide for ISO 27001:2013, an internationally recognized standard for information security management systems (ISMS). It discusses key principles like risk-based thinking, process-based audits, and the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle. The benefits of ISO 27001 certification include commercial advantages, more robust operational security, and peace of mind. The guide then covers each clause of the ISO 27001 standard in detail to help organizations successfully implement an ISMS.
Quick Guide to ISO/IEC 27701 - The Newest Privacy Information StandardPECB
In this session, we have looked into the ISO/IEC 27701 standard that has been published in August 2019. This standard glues together the ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27002, ISO 29100 and their sub-standards with the GDPR.
For certification and compliance, it's important to understand these standards and regulations, as the GDPR and other legislation have heated the discussion about certification. The ISO/IEC 27701 contains important requirements and implementation guidance for implementing a PIMS (Privacy Information Management System), which will set the baseline for the future of privacy and data protection.
The webinar covers:
• Walkthrough of the ISO/IEC 27701
• Links with ISO/IEC 2700x series standards, ISO 29100 series...
• ISO/IEC 2700x and GDPR mapping
• Audit & certification
Presenter:
Our presenter for this webinar, Peter Geelen is director and managing consultant at CyberMinute and Owner of Quest For Security, Belgium. Over more than 20 years, Peter has built strong experience in enterprise security & architecture, Identity & Access management, but also privacy, information & data protection, cyber- and cloud security. Last few years, the focus is on ISO/IEC 27001 and other ISO certification mechanisms.
Peter is an accredited Lead Auditor for ISO/IEC 27001/ISO 9001, PECB Trainer and Fellow in Privacy. Committed to continuous learning, Peter holds renowned security certificates as certified Sr. Lead Cybersecurity Manager, ISO/IEC 27001 Master, ISO/IEC 27002 lead manager, ISO/IEC 27701 Lead Implementer, CDPO, Risk management, Lead Incident Mgr., Disaster Recovery, and many more.
Date: December 04, 2019
The recorded webinar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilw4UmMSlU4&feature=emb_logo
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: https://pecb.com/whitepaper/iso-27001...
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
Whitepaper: https://pecb.com/whitepaper
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Google +: https://plus.google.com/+PECBGroup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternat...
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFI...
1) The document discusses cyber security standards and their implementation by governments and organizations to improve resilience against cyber attacks.
2) It provides an overview of common cyber security standards like ISO/IEC 27001, ISO 22301, and ISO/IEC 15408 which provide requirements and guidelines for cyber security management, business continuity, and evaluation of IT security.
3) Implementing cyber security standards helps establish controls to improve an organization's ability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, and recover from cyber threats and attacks.
This is a summary of Control Objectives for Information and related Technology audit framework. Anyone can understand COBIT-19 framework within few slides. COBIT was published by ITGI, a nonprofit research entity created by ISACA
The document discusses various aspects of IT asset management including identifying and inventorying hardware and software assets. It highlights the importance of having approved software lists and controlling production code through date-time stamping. Other areas covered include job scheduling, end user computing risks, system performance factors like activity logging and problem/incident management. The document also summarizes change, configuration and patch management processes and the role of database management systems.
An IT audit evaluates an organization's IT systems, management, operations, and related processes. It ensures that IT controls are adequate, systems provide reliable information, and data/systems are properly protected from unauthorized access. An IT audit typically establishes objectives and scope, develops an audit plan, evaluates controls through tests and analysis, and reports findings. It provides assurance that IT systems are reliable, secure, and achieving their intended benefits for the organization.
The document discusses two broad groupings of information systems control activities: general controls and application controls. General controls relate to many IS applications and support effective application controls by ensuring continued operation of IS. They include logical access controls, system development life cycle controls, program change management controls, and data center physical security controls. Application controls are designed to ensure complete and accurate processing of data from input through output and include controls over input, processing, and output of applications. The design of general controls depends on application control requirements and enterprise risk management, while reliance on application controls depends on the design and operating effectiveness of general controls.
Basics in IT Audit and Application Control Testing Dinesh O Bareja
IT Audit and Application Control Testing are large and complex activities in themselves, and it is my presentation to share the basics here, based on my own experience and using guidance from IIA GTAGs.
An IT security audit involves independently examining an organization's IT systems, controls, policies and procedures. The document outlines the key steps in an IT audit including planning, testing and reporting. It also discusses defining auditors and their roles, preparing for an audit, and how audits are conducted at the application level to assess controls related to administration, security, disaster recovery and more. The goal of an audit is to evaluate security adequacy and recommend improvements.
Defining an IT Auditor,
IT Auditor Certifications & ISACA,
IT Audit Phases,
Preparing to be Audited,
How IT auditor audits an Applications,
Auditing technology for Information System.
This document provides information about an ISO 27001 awareness training course held by K2A Training Academy. The one-day course aims to help participants understand how to safeguard organizational data and information from both external and internal threats. It covers topics such as information security background, risks and controls, and the ISO 27001 certification process. Breaks are scheduled during the day for tea and lunch. Attendees are not permitted to smoke or use their mobile devices during the sessions.
ISO/IEC 20000 is an international standard for IT service management that specifies requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and improving an IT service management system. It aims to ensure consistent service delivery and provide customers with proof of effective IT service management. While based on ITIL best practices, ISO/IEC 20000 differs in that it focuses on certifying an organization's quality management system and processes rather than individual qualifications. Organizations can become certified through an independent audit to demonstrate their compliance with over 200 requirements specified in the standard.
This document outlines a project plan for implementing an Information Security Management System (ISMS) compliant with ISO 27001 in an organization. The plan defines the project goals as obtaining ISO 27001 certification by a target date, identifies key results and risks, and provides a schedule and roles. It also describes tools and documents that will be used, such as a shared folder for all project materials and regular reporting from the project manager.
Understanding this course help you have an idea on how the audit assessment is performed and where the focus lies. General controls take a large percentage of the entire Audit function and should be paid adequate attention during the session.
The document discusses HIPAA compliance requirements and how organizations can demonstrate compliance through HITRUST certification. It provides an overview of HIPAA, HITECH, and Omnibus Rule regulations regarding privacy, security, breach notification and business associate responsibilities. It then outlines the mission and objectives of HITRUST to establish trust in healthcare information sharing through a certifiable compliance framework. The document explains how organizations can address HIPAA compliance gaps and demonstrate compliance to auditors by pursuing HITRUST certification.
This document discusses operations security principles and controls. It covers general security concepts like accountability, separation of duties, and least privilege. It then details various technical, physical, and administrative controls for securing hardware, software, data, communications, facilities, personnel, and operations. The goals are to prevent security issues, detect any violations, and enable recovery of systems and data if problems occur. Key areas covered include access controls, backup and disaster recovery, change management, and configuration management.
The security of information systems and business-critical information needs constant managing to ensure your operational continuity and data protection. ISO 27001 Information Security Management Systems certification allows you to stand out from the competition through strong information security measurement.
This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on ISO 27001 and information security management systems (ISMS). It introduces key terms like information security, the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity and availability. It describes the components of an ISMS like policy, procedures, risk assessment and controls. It explains that ISO 27001 specifies requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an ISMS. The standard is popular because it can be used by all organizations to improve security, comply with regulations and build trust. Implementing an ISMS also increases awareness, reduces risks and justifies security spending.
This document summarizes an IT security audit conducted on the information systems of the Companies Division. The audit was outsourced to external consultants and assessed application, network, and physical security. It identified vulnerabilities in various areas and provided recommendations to address them within specified timeframes. The audit deliverables included reports outlining the methodology, findings, and corrective action plans. The benefits of the audit included strengthening security policies and controls, implementing physical access controls, and establishing a process to continuously monitor and improve the security of the information system.
In a risk based audit approach, IS auditors are not just relying on risk. They are also relying on internal and operational controls as well as knowledge of the organisation. This type of risk assessment decision can help relate the cost/benefit analysis of the control to the known risk, allowing practical choices.
ISO 27001 is an information security standard that specifies requirements for an information security management system (ISMS). It contains 11 domains that describe 133 controls/countermeasures to manage vulnerabilities and threats to information. An organization implements an ISMS based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle to establish, operate, monitor, maintain, and improve their information security system over time.
The document provides an overview and implementation guide for ISO 27001:2013, an internationally recognized standard for information security management systems (ISMS). It discusses key principles like risk-based thinking, process-based audits, and the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle. The benefits of ISO 27001 certification include commercial advantages, more robust operational security, and peace of mind. The guide then covers each clause of the ISO 27001 standard in detail to help organizations successfully implement an ISMS.
Quick Guide to ISO/IEC 27701 - The Newest Privacy Information StandardPECB
In this session, we have looked into the ISO/IEC 27701 standard that has been published in August 2019. This standard glues together the ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27002, ISO 29100 and their sub-standards with the GDPR.
For certification and compliance, it's important to understand these standards and regulations, as the GDPR and other legislation have heated the discussion about certification. The ISO/IEC 27701 contains important requirements and implementation guidance for implementing a PIMS (Privacy Information Management System), which will set the baseline for the future of privacy and data protection.
The webinar covers:
• Walkthrough of the ISO/IEC 27701
• Links with ISO/IEC 2700x series standards, ISO 29100 series...
• ISO/IEC 2700x and GDPR mapping
• Audit & certification
Presenter:
Our presenter for this webinar, Peter Geelen is director and managing consultant at CyberMinute and Owner of Quest For Security, Belgium. Over more than 20 years, Peter has built strong experience in enterprise security & architecture, Identity & Access management, but also privacy, information & data protection, cyber- and cloud security. Last few years, the focus is on ISO/IEC 27001 and other ISO certification mechanisms.
Peter is an accredited Lead Auditor for ISO/IEC 27001/ISO 9001, PECB Trainer and Fellow in Privacy. Committed to continuous learning, Peter holds renowned security certificates as certified Sr. Lead Cybersecurity Manager, ISO/IEC 27001 Master, ISO/IEC 27002 lead manager, ISO/IEC 27701 Lead Implementer, CDPO, Risk management, Lead Incident Mgr., Disaster Recovery, and many more.
Date: December 04, 2019
The recorded webinar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilw4UmMSlU4&feature=emb_logo
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: https://pecb.com/whitepaper/iso-27001...
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
Whitepaper: https://pecb.com/whitepaper
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Google +: https://plus.google.com/+PECBGroup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternat...
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFI...
1) The document discusses cyber security standards and their implementation by governments and organizations to improve resilience against cyber attacks.
2) It provides an overview of common cyber security standards like ISO/IEC 27001, ISO 22301, and ISO/IEC 15408 which provide requirements and guidelines for cyber security management, business continuity, and evaluation of IT security.
3) Implementing cyber security standards helps establish controls to improve an organization's ability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, and recover from cyber threats and attacks.
This is a summary of Control Objectives for Information and related Technology audit framework. Anyone can understand COBIT-19 framework within few slides. COBIT was published by ITGI, a nonprofit research entity created by ISACA
The document discusses various aspects of IT asset management including identifying and inventorying hardware and software assets. It highlights the importance of having approved software lists and controlling production code through date-time stamping. Other areas covered include job scheduling, end user computing risks, system performance factors like activity logging and problem/incident management. The document also summarizes change, configuration and patch management processes and the role of database management systems.
An IT audit evaluates an organization's IT systems, management, operations, and related processes. It ensures that IT controls are adequate, systems provide reliable information, and data/systems are properly protected from unauthorized access. An IT audit typically establishes objectives and scope, develops an audit plan, evaluates controls through tests and analysis, and reports findings. It provides assurance that IT systems are reliable, secure, and achieving their intended benefits for the organization.
An IT audit evaluates an organization's IT systems, management, operations, and related controls. IT audits are important to ensure systems are reliable, secure, and properly managed. They help reduce risks like data tampering, loss, and service disruptions. An IT control is a procedure or policy that provides reasonable assurance that IT operates as intended, data is reliable, and the organization complies with laws and regulations. Controls can be general IT controls or application controls.
This document provides an overview of information systems auditing. It discusses the need for auditing computers due to risks like data loss, incorrect decisions, and abuse. An information systems audit aims to safeguard assets, maintain data integrity, and ensure system effectiveness and efficiency. The document also examines how computers affect internal controls and the audit process. It notes computers concentrate organizational assets, making oversight important. Finally, the document outlines how computers can help audits by enabling testing of large data volumes quickly and accurately.
Visit www.lifein01.com for presentations of all chapters.
Auditing is the process of assessment of financial, operational, strategic goals and processes in organizations to determine whether they are in compliance with the stated principles, regulatory norms, rules, and regulations.
· Processed on 09-Dec-2014 901 PM CST · ID 488406360 · Word .docxLynellBull52
· Processed on 09-Dec-2014 9:01 PM CST
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Similarity Index
47%
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Internet Sources:
46%
Publications:
2%
Student Papers:
N/A
sources:
1
30% match (Internet from 27-Mar-2009)
http://www.isaca.org/Content/ContentGroups/Journal1/20023/The_IS_Audit_Process.htm
2
13% match (Internet from 29-Mar-2011)
http://www.scribd.com/doc/36655995/Chapter-1-the-Information-System-Audit-Process
3
2% match (publications)
Athula Ginige. "Web site auditing", Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering and knowledge engineering - SEKE 02 SEKE 02, 2002
4
1% match (Internet from 26-Feb-2012)
http://www.dc.fi.udc.es/~parapar/files/ai/The_IS_Audit_Process_isaca_sayana.pdf
5
1% match (Internet from 01-Apr-2009)
http://www.idkk.gov.tr/web/guest/it_audit_manual_isaca
paper text:
Running head: AUDITING INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROCESS Auditing information systems process Student’s Name University Affiliation Auditing information systems 2process Information systems are the livelihood of any huge business. As in past years, computer systems do not simply record transactions of business, but essentially drive the main business procedures of the enterprise. In such a situation, superior management and business managers do have worries concerning information systems. Auditing is a methodical process by which a proficient, independent person impartially obtains and assesses evidence concerning assertions about a financial entity or occasion for the reason of outlining an outlook about and reporting on the extent to which the contention matches to an acknowledged set of standards. Auditing of information systems is the administration controls assessment inside the communications of Information Technology. The obtained proof valuation is used to decide if systems of information are defensive assets, maintenance reliability of data, and also if they are efficiently operating in order to attain organization’s goals or objectives (Hoelzer, 2009). Auditing of Information Systems has become an essential part of business organization in both large and small business environments. This paper examines the preliminary points for carrying out and Information system audit and some of the, techniques, tools, guidelines and standards that can be employed to build, manage, and examine the review function. The Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) qualifications is recognized worldwide as a standard of accomplishment for those who assess, monitor, control and audit the information technology of an organization and business systems. Information Systems experts with a concern in information systems security, control and audit. At least five years of specialized information systems security, auditing and control work practice is necessary for certification. An audit contract should be present to evidently state the responsibility of the management, 2objectives for, and designation of authority to Information .
Implementing IT changes is imperative to the infrastructure of a business, but it can also open the door to breaches, viruses and malware, such as ransomware. So, how can organizations manage change effectively, maintain compliance and still reduce security risk? One answer lies in change management across your IT systems.
Jeff Lawson, Sr. Director, Product Management at Tripwire, and Geoff Hancock, Principal at Advanced Cybersecurity Group, cover:
-How IT operations and security teams can cooperate to improve IT stability and reduce security risk.
-How to reduce risks associated with poor configuration management.
-How leveraging Tripwire Enterprise for change detection enhances your change control process and keeps your systems, and organization, operating effectively and securely.
The document provides an overview of an internal audit webinar on IT general controls (ITGCs). It discusses why ITGCs are important for achieving financial and operational objectives. It outlines the types of controls and reviews the audit process for assessing ITGCs. Key areas covered include access to programs and data, program changes and development, and computer operations. For each area, example existing controls, risks, objectives, and methods for testing controls are described. The purpose is to help attendees understand what ITGCs are, why they are important, and how auditors review them.
This document provides an overview of auditing information systems. It discusses the importance of auditing information systems given organizations' increasing reliance on technology. It describes what an information system is and common components. The document outlines relevant laws, regulations, and guidance related to information system audits. It discusses risks of ineffective controls and the audit methodology, which involves planning, internal control testing, and reporting phases. It also covers examining information technology general controls and application and business process controls.
- The document discusses the importance of internal controls and information systems auditing for organizations. It aims to understand control objectives, how to implement and monitor internal control systems, and the information systems audit process.
- It explains that information technology impacts all aspects of business and organizations need appropriate information systems controls to ensure data integrity, reliability, and timely information flow. Information systems auditing evaluates controls to ensure operational effectiveness and reliability.
- Several factors influence the need for information systems controls and auditing, including organizational costs of data loss, risks of incorrect decision making, costs of computer abuse/errors, and the need to safeguard assets and maintain privacy and data integrity.
This document provides an overview of an IT audit conducted at a state university system. It describes the types of audits performed, including operational, financial, compliance, and IT audits. For IT audits, it examines infrastructure security and controls, application security and controls, and disaster preparedness plans. Key areas investigated include physical security, network configuration, user access controls, and backup procedures. The document concludes with tips for making an IT audit go smoothly, such as avoiding an adversarial approach and fully documenting systems and controls.
CONTROL & AUDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM (HALL, 2015)Muhammad Azmy
Materi Perkuliahan Control and Auditing Information System in Uin Suska Riau.
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Running head: AUDITING INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROCESS
1
AUDITING INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROCESS 2
Auditing information systems process
Student’s Name
University Affiliation
Process of Auditing information systems
Information system is the livelihood of every huge company. As it has been in the past years, computer systems don’t simply document transactions of business, rather essentially compel the main business procedures of the venture. In this kind of a situation, superior administration and company managers usually have worries concerning an information system. assessment is a methodical process in which a proficient, autonomous person impartially gets and assesses proof concerning affirmations about a financial unit or occasion with the intent to outline an outlook about and giving feedback on the extent in which the contention matches an acknowledged standards set. information systems auditing refers to the administration controls assessment inside the communications of Information Technology. The obtained proof valuation is used to decide if systems of information are defensive assets, maintenance reliability of data, and also if they are efficiently operating in order to attain organization’s goals or objectives (Hoelzer, 2009).
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The process of auditing information systems involves;-
Audit Function Management; this process includes assessment which is systematic of policies and methods of management of the organization in managemen ...
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2. AGENDA
• Why do we need to audit IT systems?
• Type of IT controls
• IT General Controls
• Application controls
2
3. Why do we need to audit IT system?
• Highly dependent on IT system
• The companies with high overall IT risk assessment tend to have
more accounting errors (Grant et al. 2008)
• Li et al. (2012) find that IT control deficiencies affect
management forecasts. The management forecasts will be less
accurate with the existence of material IT control deficiencies.
3
4. Why DO WE NEED To Audit IT Systems?
Impact
Impact
Business
Processes
Application
systems
IT system
infrastructure
Oracle
GFMIS
SWIFT
Loan
App
Approve
Draw
down
Interest
calculation
Payment
Customer
Order
Stock
Checking
Distribution Invoicing
Core
Banking
SAP
Back office
system
ATM
IT Organization
IT process
System development and
program changes
Network and security
management
IT service operation
IT Planning and Organization
4
6. Types of IT Controls
• General controls are controls that relate to the IT environment,
especially the environment where application systems are developed,
maintained and operated. General controls are implemented to ensure
that all automated applications are developed, implemented, and
maintained properly, and in addition, that the integrity of program and
data files and of computer operations are not compromised (ITGI, 2007)
• Application controls are controls that are relevant to transactions and
data pertaining to each automated application system and are specific
to each such application. These controls are implemented to ensure
that transactions and data from both manual and automated processing
are valid and completely and accurately recorded (ITGI, 2007).
6
7. Types of IT Controls
• General IT controls are policies and procedures used to control many applications to ensure that
applications can operate effectively. These controls also include controls over IT infrastructure and
processes, namely data center and network operations; system software and application system
acquisition, change, and maintenance; and access security. Usually general IT controls are
implemented to maintain the integrity of information and security data and to support the effective
functioning of application controls. (ISA315)
• Application controls are manual or automated procedures that are specific to each application.
These controls focus at the business process level and are deployed on the processing of
transactions for each application to improve the integrity of accounting records. Application
controls are relevant to procedures that are used to initiate, record, process, and report
transactions or other financial data. They can be designed to be both preventive and detective
controls. In short, application controls help ensure that transactions occurred, are authorized, and
are completely and accurately recorded and processed (ISA315)
7
9. Minimum areas of ITGC controls to assess
• IT entity level control
• Application Development & Change management
• Information security
• Backup and recovery
• Third-party IT providers
(Singleton, 2010)
9
10. ITGC audit process
Illustrates the steps related to understanding how IT affects the
entity’s flows of transactions for significant accounts and disclosures
10
Understand how IT affects
flow of transaction/identify
relevant technology element
Identify and assess
risks arising from
IT
Understand,
identify, and test
relevant ITGC
Conclude on risks
arising from IT and
determine audit
response
Evaluate
deficiencies in
ITGC
11. ITGC Elements 11
• Application: Interface designed to allow a user to store/retrieve data in a logical and
meaningful manner and apply predefined business rules to that data. Examples include
SAP, PeopleSoft, JD Edwards, Oracle, Hyperion.
• Database: Stores the data used by the applications. Examples include Oracle, Sybase,
DB2, and SQL.
• Operating System: Responsible for managing communications (input/output) between
hardware and applications. User authentication for many applications is dependent on
operating system security. Examples include Windows, UNIX, LINUX, OS/400, and OS390.
• Network: A network is used to transmit data and to share information, resources and
services. The network also typically establishes a layer of logical security for certain
computing resources within the organization using physical devices (such as routers,
firewalls) in combination with commercial software packages. Examples include Cisco,
NetGear, and CheckPoint.
13. What Can Go Wrong? 13
• Data is inaccurate or incomplete
• Recording of unauthorized or
non-existent transactions
• Potential loss of data or inability
to access data as required
• System processing is inaccurate
(i.e., incorrect calculations)
• Report logic is incorrectly
applying parameters
• Report logic is incorrectly
gathering source data
• Unauthorized changes to systems
or programs
Infrastructure Controls
(OS, Database, Network)
Application (e.g. SAP)
Configuration & Security
Inventory
14. Identify ITGC Risks 14
PCAOB
Literature
The auditor should obtain an understanding of specific risks to a company's internal
control over financial reporting resulting from IT. Examples of such risks include:
• Reliance on systems or programs that are inaccurately processing data, processing
inaccurate data, or both;
• Unauthorized access to data that might result in destruction of data or improper
changes to data, including the recording of unauthorized or nonexistent
transactions or inaccurate recording of transactions (particular risks might arise
when multiple users access a common database);
• The possibility of IT personnel gaining access privileges beyond those necessary to
perform their assigned duties, thereby breaking down segregation of duties;
• Unauthorized changes to data in master files;
• Unauthorized changes to systems or programs;
• Failure to make necessary changes to systems or programs;
• Inappropriate manual intervention; and
• Potential loss of data or inability to access data as required. [PCAOB AS 12.B4 ]
17. Access Security 17
Users have access
privileges beyond those
necessary to perform
their assigned duties,
which may create
improper segregation of
duties.
User Access
Privileges
Direct Data Access System Settings
Inappropriate changes
are made directly to
financial data through
means other than
application
transactions.
Systems are not
adequately configured
or updated to restrict
system access to
properly authorized and
appropriate users.
18. System Change Control
Inappropriate
changes are made
to application
systems or
programs that
contain relevant
automated controls
and/or report logic.
Application
Changes
Database
Changes
System
Software
Changes
Inappropriate
changes are made
to the database
structure and
relationships
between the data.
Inappropriate
changes are
made to system
software (e.g.,
operating system,
network, change-
management
software, access-
control software).
Data
Conversion
Data conversion
introduces errors
if the conversion
transfers
incomplete,
redundant,
obsolete, or
inaccurate data.
17
19. Data Center and Network Operations
The network does
not adequately
prevent
unauthorized users
from gaining
inappropriate
access to
information
systems.
Network Physical
Security
Data Backup
Individuals gain
inappropriate
access to
equipment in the
data center and
exploit such
access to
circumvent logical
access controls
and gain
inappropriate
access to systems.
Financial data
cannot be
recovered or
accessed in a
timely manner
when there is a
loss of data.
Job
Scheduling
Production
systems,
programs, and/or
jobs result in
inaccurate,
incomplete, or
unauthorized
processing of
data.
20. System Interfaces 20
• Our understanding of the flow of transactions includes an
understanding of the interfaces between various systems. We
consider risks that data is not accurately and completely transferred.
• System interface: Data is automatically transferred between two otherwise
separate applications, typically via middleware software
• Manual interface: Data is manually transferred from one system to another
• Identify relevant manual controls, automated interface controls,
and/or general IT controls
23. Determine If a ITGC Deficiency Exists:
Examples 23
Not a Control Deficiency
• The system change form for two out of 25
changes did not have documented
management authorization. Alternative
procedures were performed to validate the
changes were authorized (corroborative
inquiries and meeting minutes indicating the
change was discussed and approved during
management change control meeting).
Refer to IC 6-15 in the Internal Control
Q&As.
• We tested 100% of terminated users and
identified five out of 532 users that did not
have their access removed timely based on
the entity’s policies. The deviation rate was
1% and none of the users had administrative
privileges or access to modify financial
transactions. Refer to IC 6-16 in the
Internal Control Q&As.
Control Deficiency
• Documentary evidence indicating
management reviewed access to the root
account was not available for two out of five
weeks selected for testing. The responsible
manager was absent for two weeks and no
one at the entity reviewed the access during
the respective timeframe. Refer to IC 6-17 in
the Internal Control Q&As.
• The entity utilized one shared ID for all
system changes. The password was known
by multiple people within the entity and had
not been changed upon initial installation.
Refer to IC 6-21 in the Internal Control
Q&As.
24. Deficiency Wording Examples
Example Control Deficiency Wording
1. From a sample of 30 users, five users had access to update transactions within the
MDOT system that was not commensurate with their job responsibilities.
2. A system patch applied to the Windows infrastructure environment did not have sufficient
documentation to evidence approval and testing of the change prior to implementation.
3. During the semi-annual access review for the TATO system, management identified 21
users who required modification of access privileges. The related system access was
not modified in a timely manner.
4. Access to bypass transaction code security is inappropriately granted to 13 users out of
the total population of 65 users.
5. Certain users have inappropriate access to create or change jobs under another’s user
ID. Such access allows users to execute jobs and processes with elevated privileges.
25. Application Controls
• Application controls refer to controls over the processing of
transactions and data within an application and are, therefore,
specific to each application.
• To ensure the accuracy, integrity, reliability and confidentiality of
the records and the validity of the entries made therein, resulting
from both manual and programmed processing
25
28. Attributes of Application Controls
• Business process controls – Control activities performed without
the assistance of applications or automated systems e.g. written
authorization – a signature on a check
• Automated application controls – Controls that can be
programmed and embedded within an application e.g.input edit
checks that validate order quantities
28
29. Attributes of Application Controls
• Hybrid controls – Controls that consist of a combination of manual
and automated activities, all of which must operate for the
control to be effective e.g. Shipping manager reviews a report of
unshipped ordered.
• Shipping manager reviews Manual
• A report of unshipped ordered automated control
• Configurable controls – dependent on the configuration of
parameters within the application system
29
30. Application Control Objectives
• Completeness – The application processes all transactions, and the
resulting information is complete
• Accuracy – All transactions are processed accurately and as intended,
and the resulting information is accurate
• Validity – Only valid transactions are processed, and the resulting
information is valid
• Authorization – Only appropriately authorized transactions have been
processed
• Segregation of duties – The application provides for and supports
appropriate segregation of duties and responsibilities as defined by
management
30
32. References
• ISACA (2014), IT Control Objectives for Sarbanes-Oxley Using COBIT 5 in the
Design and Implementation of Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting, 3rd
edition
• Li, C., et al. (2012). "The consequences of information technology control
weaknesses on management information systems: the case of sarbanes-oxley
internal control reports." MIS Quarterly 36(1): 179-204
• Grant, G. H., et al. (2008). "The effect of IT controls on financial reporting."
Managerial Auditing Journal 23(8): 803-823.
• Singleton, T. W. (2010a). "The Minimum IT Controls to Assess in a Financial Audit
(Part I)." ISACA Journal 1.
• Singleton, T. W. (2010b). "The Minimum IT Controls to Assess in a Financial Audit
(Part II)." ISACA Journal 2.
• Hall (2011). Information Technology Auditing
32