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This document discusses the structure of atoms. It explains that atoms are made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud containing electrons. The atomic number is the number of protons, which determines the element. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to determine the atomic number and mass of different elements using their nuclear symbols or the periodic table.
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Unit three notes s05
This document provides a brief history of the atomic theory, from early philosophers' ideas to the modern quantum model. It describes Democritus' idea of indivisible atoms, Dalton's model of atoms as solid spheres, Thomson's discovery of electrons, Rutherford's gold foil experiment showing the nucleus, Bohr's planetary model, and the modern electron cloud/quantum model with protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in clouds outside. It also discusses atomic structure, isotopes, ions, atomic mass, and calculating atomic properties using atomic number and mass number.
HUDA 9TH PPT-1.pptx
This document defines key concepts about atomic structure, including:
1) Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of smaller subatomic particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons.
2) The nucleus is at the center of the atom and contains protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels.
3) Protons are positively charged, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged. The number of protons determines the element.
Atomic Structure
1. Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and are made up of atoms, which are the smallest particles of an element that retain its chemical properties.
2. Atoms consist of a tiny, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, while electrons orbit the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element.
3. Modern atomic theory developed through the works of scientists like Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr, who discovered the subatomic particles and proposed models of atomic structure.
Dec 8 do now
- Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main subatomic particles that make up atoms. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge.
- The periodic table contains information about each element, including the element symbol, name, atomic number, and atomic mass. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, while the atomic mass takes into account the total number of protons and neutrons.
- Electrons are not counted in the atomic mass because they are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and have a negligible contribution to the overall mass of the atom.
Dec 8 do now
- Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main subatomic particles that make up atoms. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge.
- The periodic table contains information about each element, including the element symbol, name, atomic number, and atomic mass. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, while the atomic mass takes into account the total number of protons and neutrons.
- Electrons are not counted in the atomic mass because they are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and have a negligible contribution to the overall mass of the atom.
Chapt4 2, 4-3
The document discusses the history and development of atomic theory from ancient Greek philosophers to modern atomic structure. It describes John Dalton's atomic theory from the late 1700s that all matter is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. It then discusses J.J. Thomson's 1897 discovery of the electron using cathode ray tubes and Ernest Rutherford's experiments in the early 1900s that revealed the atom's small, dense nucleus. The modern atomic model views atoms as mostly empty space with a tiny nucleus at the center containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
Grade 9, U1-L9-Atomic structure
This document discusses the structure of atoms and their subatomic particles. It explains that atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom, while electrons surround the nucleus in energy levels. The number of protons determines the element and is known as the atomic number. The total number of protons and neutrons is the mass number. Standard atomic notation uses the mass number as a superscript on the left of the element symbol and the atomic number as a subscript.
Atom structure
This document discusses atomic structure and properties. It defines:
- Atoms consist of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, and electrons orbiting the nucleus.
- The atomic number is the number of protons, which identifies an element and its position on the periodic table.
- Neutrons have no charge and contribute to an atom's mass.
- The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons, and provides an indication of an atom's mass.
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Unit three notes s05
This document provides a brief history of the atomic theory, from early philosophers' ideas to the modern quantum model. It describes Democritus' idea of indivisible atoms, Dalton's model of atoms as solid spheres, Thomson's discovery of electrons, Rutherford's gold foil experiment showing the nucleus, Bohr's planetary model, and the modern electron cloud/quantum model with protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in clouds outside. It also discusses atomic structure, isotopes, ions, atomic mass, and calculating atomic properties using atomic number and mass number.
HUDA 9TH PPT-1.pptx
This document defines key concepts about atomic structure, including:
1) Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of smaller subatomic particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons.
2) The nucleus is at the center of the atom and contains protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels.
3) Protons are positively charged, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged. The number of protons determines the element.
Atomic Structure
1. Elements are the basic building blocks of all matter and are made up of atoms, which are the smallest particles of an element that retain its chemical properties.
2. Atoms consist of a tiny, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, while electrons orbit the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element.
3. Modern atomic theory developed through the works of scientists like Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr, who discovered the subatomic particles and proposed models of atomic structure.
Dec 8 do now
- Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main subatomic particles that make up atoms. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge.
- The periodic table contains information about each element, including the element symbol, name, atomic number, and atomic mass. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, while the atomic mass takes into account the total number of protons and neutrons.
- Electrons are not counted in the atomic mass because they are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and have a negligible contribution to the overall mass of the atom.
Dec 8 do now
- Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main subatomic particles that make up atoms. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge.
- The periodic table contains information about each element, including the element symbol, name, atomic number, and atomic mass. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, while the atomic mass takes into account the total number of protons and neutrons.
- Electrons are not counted in the atomic mass because they are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and have a negligible contribution to the overall mass of the atom.
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The document discusses the history and development of atomic theory from ancient Greek philosophers to modern atomic structure. It describes John Dalton's atomic theory from the late 1700s that all matter is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. It then discusses J.J. Thomson's 1897 discovery of the electron using cathode ray tubes and Ernest Rutherford's experiments in the early 1900s that revealed the atom's small, dense nucleus. The modern atomic model views atoms as mostly empty space with a tiny nucleus at the center containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
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This document discusses the structure of atoms and their subatomic particles. It explains that atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom, while electrons surround the nucleus in energy levels. The number of protons determines the element and is known as the atomic number. The total number of protons and neutrons is the mass number. Standard atomic notation uses the mass number as a superscript on the left of the element symbol and the atomic number as a subscript.
Atom structure
This document discusses atomic structure and properties. It defines:
- Atoms consist of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, and electrons orbiting the nucleus.
- The atomic number is the number of protons, which identifies an element and its position on the periodic table.
- Neutrons have no charge and contribute to an atom's mass.
- The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons, and provides an indication of an atom's mass.
GENCHEM1-atomic structure.pptx
This document defines atoms and their structure. Atoms are the building blocks of matter and composed of smaller subatomic particles, including protons, neutrons, and electrons. The nucleus is at the center of the atom and contains protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in one or more energy levels called the electron cloud. The number of protons determines the element, while the number of neutrons varies between isotopes of the same element.
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1) Atoms are made up of even smaller particles called subatomic particles, including protons, neutrons and electrons. Most of an atom's mass is concentrated in a tiny nucleus at the center, made of protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting the outside.
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The document discusses the structure and composition of atoms. It can be summarized as follows:
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 1. Atomic Structure Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
- 2. Structure of the Atom • Atom – smallest particle of an element that can exist alone – Two regions of an atom • Nucleus – Center of atom – Protons and neutrons • Electron “cloud” – Area surrounding nucleus containing electrons
- 3. Structure of the Atom • Proton – Positive charge (+), 1 atomic mass unit (amu); found in the nucleus – amu -Approximate mass of a proton or a neutron • Neutron – Neutral charge (0), 1 amu; found in the nucleus • Electron – Negative charge (-), mass is VERY small
- 4. • Atomic Number – Number of protons in nucleus – The number of protons determines identity of the element!! • Mass Number (Atomic Mass) – Number of protons + neutrons – Units are g/mol
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- 7. Atomic Number= 16 (Since it has 16 protons in the Nucleus) Atomic Number = 16+16 = 32 ( Since 16 proton and 16 neutrons are present in the nucleus) 16 Electrons are present in shells of Sulfur
- 8. Let complete the given information Aluminum (Al) Protons = 13 Electrons = Neutrons = 14 Atomic Number = Atomic Mass = Let complete the given information Aluminum (Al) Protons = 13 Electrons = 13 Neutrons = 14 Atomic Number = 13 Atomic Mass = 13+14= 27
- 9. • Nuclear Symbol notation (no periodic table) – Protons = – Electrons = – Neutrons = – Atomic Number = – Atomic Mass = A g 108 47
- 10. • Nuclear Symbol notation (no periodic table) – Protons = 47 – Electrons = 47 – Neutrons = 108-47=61 – Atomic Number = 47 – Atomic Mass = 108 A g 108 47
- 11. • use the periodic table – Protons = – Electrons = – Neutrons = – Atomic Number = – Atomic Mass = Uranium-235
- 12. • use the periodic table – Protons = 92 – Electrons = 92 – Neutrons = 235-92= 143 – Atomic Number = 92 – Atomic Mass = 235 Uranium-235
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