AERB FOR RADIO- IMAGING STUDENTS

1. JAI HIND
OPERATION SANDOOR
• Shri Ram Krishna Guidance Center,
•
By
Virendra K Maurya
MMRIT , PhD Scholar
Subjects:-
Regulatory Requirements In
Diagnostic Radiology & Quality
Assurance And Radiation Safety
Topic:- AERB

3. • The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board was
constituted on November 15, 1983, by the
President of India by exercising the powers
conferred by the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 to
carry out certain regulatory and safety functions
under the Act. The regulatory authority of AERB
is derived from the rules and notifications
promulgated under the Atomic Energy Act and
the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

4. • The Mission of the AERB is to ensure
the use of ionizing radiation and
nuclear energy in India does not
cause undue risk to the health of
people and the environment.
• (FOR DETAILS-https://www.aerb.gov.in/english/)

5. • The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is
an Indian government agency responsible for
ensuring the safe use of nuclear energy and
radiation in India. It operates under the
Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and
ensures that nuclear and radiation-related
activities are carried out in a safe, secure, and
environmentally responsible manner.

6. AERB Responsibilities:
• Regulation and Safety of Nuclear Facilities: AERB
establishes safety standards for the design, construction,
operation, and decommissioning of nuclear facilities
such as reactors, research reactors, and power plants.
• Radiation Protection: AERB ensures radiation protection
for workers, the public, and the environment. It monitors
radiation levels in and around nuclear facilities and
provides guidelines for safe radiation practices.
• .

7. • Inspection and Enforcement: AERB conducts
inspections of nuclear facilities to verify compliance
with safety standards, codes, and regulations. It
enforces corrective actions if necessary to prevent
accidents and ensure public safety.
• Emergency Preparedness and Response: AERB is
responsible for planning and overseeing emergency
preparedness for nuclear accidents and radiological
emergencies. This includes developing contingency
plans and conducting drills to ensure readiness.

8. • Licensing and Certification: AERB grants
licenses for the operation of nuclear facilities
and certifies radiation equipment, ensuring
they meet safety standards before use.
• Public Awareness and Transparency: AERB
promotes public awareness of nuclear safety
and radiation protection through information
dissemination, public hearings, and
engagement

9. • AERB Organization:
• AERB's organization comprises several
divisions and committees, each focused on a
specific aspect of nuclear safety:
• Nuclear Power Safety (NPS) Division: Focuses
on the safety of nuclear power plants.

10. • Radiation Safety (RS) Division: Deals with
radiation protection and monitoring.
• Regulatory Research and Development
Division: Supports regulatory decisions
through research in safety-related areas.

11. • Legal, Information, and International Cooperation
Division: Deals with regulatory legal matters and
international collaborations.
• AERB also works closely with the Department of
Atomic Energy (DAE) and other organizations involved
in nuclear research and safety.
• Safety Standards, Codes, and Guides:
• AERB has developed a set of Safety Standards, Codes,
and Guides to ensure that nuclear and radiological
operations meet stringent safety requirements.

12. • AERB Safety Codes: These provide a set of
mandatory safety requirements for nuclear
facilities, including those related to nuclear
reactors, radiation safety, waste management,
and decommissioning. Examples include:
– AERB Safety Code on Nuclear Power Plants
– AERB Safety Code on Radiation Protection

13. • AERB Safety Guides: These offer recommended
practices and guidance for compliance with safety
codes. They are not mandatory but provide useful
information for implementing safety standards
effectively.
• AERB Safety Standards: These define the technical
requirements to be followed by licensees operating
nuclear facilities. They are developed based on
international standards and are regularly updated.

14. • AERB Codes for Emergency Preparedness: Codes that provide
specific guidelines for handling nuclear emergencies, including
both radiological and non-radiological aspects.
• International Standards: AERB aligns its safety standards with
international agencies such as the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA) and the International Commission on
Radiological Protection (ICRP), while also considering local
conditions.
• In conclusion, AERB plays a critical role in regulating and
ensuring the safe use of nuclear technology in India. Its safety
standards, codes, and guides are integral to maintaining public
health and safety in the nuclear sector.

15. • The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is the
primary body responsible for ensuring the safety
and regulation of nuclear energy and radiation-
related activities in India. AERB's responsibilities
regarding licenses, registrants, and employers, as
well as the enforcement of regulatory
requirements, align with its core function of
ensuring the safe and secure use of nuclear
technology and radiation. Here's a breakdown:

16. 1. Responsibilities of Licensees, Registrants,
and Employers under AERB
• A. Licensees:
• A licensee is an individual or organization that
has been granted authorization by AERB to use
radiation sources or to operate nuclear
facilities. The license can be specific to the
type of activity, such as operating nuclear
power plants, conducting research with
radioactive materials, or using radiation in
medicine, industry, or research.

17. Licensee Responsibilities:
• Compliance with Safety Standards: Licensees must
ensure that their operations adhere to AERB's safety
codes and standards.
• Radiation Protection: Licensees must establish and
maintain effective radiation protection programs to
ensure that radiation exposure to workers, the public, and
the environment is kept within acceptable limits.
• Operational Safety: They must demonstrate that safety
measures are in place for the safe operation of nuclear
reactors, waste management systems, and other radiation
sources.

18. • Safety Reviews and Inspections: Licensees are
required to undergo safety reviews, audits, and
inspections as mandated by AERB to ensure
compliance with regulatory requirements.
• Reporting and Documentation: Licensees must
maintain and submit documentation on radiation
safety, operational performance, and any incidents.
This includes regular reporting of radiation exposure
levels, environmental monitoring, and safety
performance

19. • B. Registrants:
• Registrants are typically individuals or organizations that
use radiation sources but do not require a license. These
may include medical facilities, industrial applications, or
research organizations using low-level radiation sources
that are not part of a nuclear facility.
• Registrant Responsibilities:
• Compliance with Radiation Protection Regulations:
Registrants must follow the radiation safety guidelines set
by AERB, even though they may not need a formal license.

20. • Registration with AERB: Registrants must formally
notify AERB about their use of radiation sources.
• Maintaining Safety Records: Registrants must
maintain records related to radiation exposure,
safety practices, and waste disposal, and ensure
workers are adequately protected.
• Radiation Safety Training: Provide radiation
safety training for staff working with radiation
sources.

21. • C. Employers:
• Employers in any radiation-related industry (whether a
licensee or registrant) have a general responsibility to
ensure that radiation safety protocols are followed in
their workplaces.
• Employer Responsibilities:
• Implementation of Safety Programs: Employers must
ensure that an effective radiation protection program
is in place, in line with AERB’s safety standards and
guidelines.

22. • Provision of Protective Equipment: Employers
must ensure that workers have access to
appropriate protective equipment and devices
to limit exposure.
• Training and Awareness: Employers must
provide adequate training to workers to
promote awareness of radiation safety, proper
handling of radiation sources, and emergency
preparedness.

23. • Incident Reporting: Employers are required to
report any radiation accidents, incidents, or
breaches of safety standards to AERB
promptly.
• Ensuring ALARA Compliance: Employers must
adhere to the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably
Achievable) principle to minimize radiation
exposure to workers and the public.

24. 2. Enforcement of Regulatory Requirements by AERB
• AERB is responsible for enforcing compliance
with radiation safety regulations and ensuring
that those working with nuclear technology
and radiation sources follow established safety
standards. Enforcement includes a range of
activities, including inspections, audits,
penalties, and corrective actions.

25. A. Inspection and Monitoring:
• AERB conducts regular inspections of nuclear facilities,
industrial users of radiation, and medical institutions
to ensure compliance with safety standards.
• These inspections assess factors such as the adequacy
of radiation protection programs, the safety of
radiation equipment, emergency preparedness plans,
and operational procedures.
• Radiation Monitoring: AERB ensures that radiation
levels in the workplace and the environment are
regularly monitored and remain within safe limits.

26. B. Audits and Reviews:
• AERB requires licensees and registrants to
undergo regular audits and reviews of their
safety systems and radiation protection programs.
• This can include both internal audits (conducted
by the entity itself) and external audits
(conducted by AERB or other regulatory bodies).
• The goal of these reviews is to assess the
effectiveness of radiation safety programs and
identify areas for improvement.

27. C. Licensing and Approvals:
• AERB grants licenses to entities that meet
safety standards for operating nuclear facilities
or handling radiation sources.
• AERB also approves the design, construction,
operation, and decommissioning of nuclear
facilities, ensuring that safety measures are
followed throughout the lifecycle of the
facility.

28. D. Enforcement Actions:
• If an entity fails to comply with AERB's safety standards or
regulations, AERB has the authority to take enforcement actions,
which may include:
• Fines or Penalties: AERB can impose financial penalties on entities
that violate safety regulations or fail to maintain adequate radiation
protection measures.
• Suspension or Revocation of License: In cases of serious non-
compliance or safety hazards, AERB can suspend or revoke the
operating license of a facility.
• Corrective Actions: AERB may require an entity to take corrective
actions to rectify safety violations, which may involve implementing
new safety measures or conducting additional training.

29. • E. Incident Investigation and Response:
• If a radiation accident, safety breach, or near-miss
occurs, AERB is responsible for investigating the
incident.
• Based on the findings, AERB may require the facility to
take corrective actions to prevent similar incidents in
the future.
• AERB also provides guidance on emergency response
and recovery measures in the event of a radiation-
related emergency.

30. • F. Reporting Requirements:
• AERB mandates that licensees and registrants
report radiation-related incidents or
accidents immediately.
• Regular radiation exposure reports must be
submitted to AERB, detailing the levels of
radiation exposure for workers, the public,
and the environment.

31. G. Public Transparency and Engagement:
• AERB promotes public transparency and
engages with the public to ensure awareness
of radiation safety issues.
• It may hold public hearings or consultations on
regulatory matters to involve the community
and other stakeholders in nuclear safety
decision-making.

33. • THANK U

34. References
• chatgpt
• google
• other side
• https://www.aerb.gov.in/english/