Assignment 4 BIO 151 Summer 2016 Upload by Sunday, June 12th at 11:00 PM CHAPTER 12: THE CELL CYCLE 1.Define genome: 2. What is the difference between DNA in the chromatin form and the chromosome form? What form is DNA in during most of the cell cycle? 3. What is the difference between the centromere and the kinetochore? 4. What happens during each of these phases of the cell cycle? G1: S: G2: M: 5. The mitotic spindle is mainly made of what type of protein fiber? 6. How does cytokinesis differ between plant and animal cells? 7. Is binary fission truly mitosis? What type of organisms use binary fission for reproduction? Is this process sexual or asexual? 8. Draw/depict the phases of mitosis from prophase to the end of cytokinesis for an animal cell containing a total of six chromosomes. 9. What is the cell cycle control system and why is it important? 10. What happens to most mammal cells when they reach the G1 checkpoint? 11. Explain how MPF helps to regulate the cell cycle. (See Fig 12.16) 12. What is a growth factor? Provide an example from the chapter. 13. What does cancer have to do with the cell cycle? 14. Explain why each of the following would undergo mitosis: An early embryo: An amoeba: Skin cells: A broken bone: 15. How is prokaryotic DNA different from eukaryotic DNA? 16. Are the daughter cells produced by mitosis clones of the parent cell? 17. When mitosis is used for reproduction, is it sexual or asexual? What type(s) of organisms use mitosis for reproduction? CHAPTER 13: MEIOSIS & SEXUAL LIFE CYCLES 1.Define: Gene Allele Locus Gametes Somatic cells 2. What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction (in terms of number of parents, and variation in offspring)? 3. What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids? (Where do they “come from”? Are they identical?) 4. What are autosomes? How many pairs of autosomes do humans have? 5. Meiosis produces gametes. What are gametes used for? What is the union of gametes called? The union of gametes creates what? 6. What is the difference between cells that are haploid and cells that are diploid? Are gametes haploid or diploid? Are somatic cells haploid or diploid? 7. Do the following eukaryotes primarily reproduce sexually or asexually? Animals: Plants: Fungi: 8. How many daughter cells does meiosis produce? Are they diploid or haploid? Are they clones of the parent cell? 9. Draw/depict Meiosis Prophase I and Metaphase I for three pairs of chromosomes: 10. What happens during synapsis? Does synapsis happen during mitosis? 11. What are three things that happen during meiosis but not mitosis? (See P.260) 12. What is independent assortment of chromosomes? During which phase of meiosis does this occur? 13. If a cell undergoing meiosis has a haploid number of ...