2. ITEM ANALYSIS
- A well-constructed test is composed of
objectives items where more than 50% posts a
discrimination power value between +0.20 and +0.40;
less than 10% of the items should have a value
between 0 and + 0.20 and no test items should have a
negative value
3. ITEM ANALYSIS
STEPS IN ITEM ANALYSIS
1. Rank the papers from highest to lowest
according to the total scores.
2. Separate the top 27% and the lower 27% of the
papers.
3. Tally the responses in each item made by the
students in the lower 27%.
4. Likewise tally the responses in each item made
by the students in the upper 27%.
4. ITEM ANALYSIS
STEPS IN ITEM ANALYSIS
5. The percentage of the higher group that got the
right is called the upper level.
6. The percentage of the lower group who got the
right is the lower.
7. The average of upper and lower percentage is
the difficulty index of the item.
5. ITEM ANALYSIS
STEPS IN ITEM ANALYSIS
The formula to be used:
D = PU - PL
Where; D = item discrimination index
PU = Percentage of the upper 27% who got the
item right
PL = percentage of the lower 27% who got the
items right.
6. ITEM ANALYSIS
STEPS IN ITEM ANALYSIS
After computing the item description index the
compose data will be interpreted best on the following
equivalent scale:
Computed D Interpretation
0.40 and above difficult items
0.30 – 0.39 very good items
0.20 – 0.29 reasonably good
items
0.19 and below poor items
7. ITEM ANALYSIS
Example: Teacher B wants to analyze each item of the
test questions he made Social Studies 8 and the data
obtained from the 30 examinees are following:
Note: Teacher B have already taken the upper and
lower 27% based on the scores of the students
Link:
7. Item analysis sample.docx
8. INDEX OF DIFFICULTY OF EACH
ITEM
- The index of difficulty indicates the appropriateness
of the level of difficulty of the test item for the group
(Calmorin,2004).
- The difficulty measure for each item is a result of
item analysis.
9. INDEX OF DIFFICULTY OF EACH
ITEM
- It was determined using the formula:
Di =[ Nr / Nt ] x 100%
where:
Di = difficulty index
Nr = number of students who got the item
correctly
Nt = number of students who took the test
10. INDEX OF DIFFICULTY OF EACH
ITEM
The index of difficulty of each item is based on the
computed values will be described as follows:
Computed Di Description
0 – 39 very difficult items (delete or
revised)
40 -70 moderate (include)
71 – 100 very easy (delete or modify)
11. INDEX OF DIFFICULTY OF EACH
ITEM
Example: Teacher B wishes to identify which among of
the test items she constructed is very difficult,
moderate, or easy item, so that she can revised,
delete, or include on the next time she use the
questionnaire. The following is the result of the test (
8. Index of Difficulty of the Test Items.docx ).Use Index
of difficulty of each item to answer the problem of
teacher B.
