Assessment 7 Course Textbook: Edberg, M. (2015). Essentials of health behavior: Social and behavioral theory in public health (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Q.1 MUST BE ANSWERED ON SATURDAY, Mar. 10 NLT 10 PM EST (200 words A MUST for each question. Please provide reference for each question for each question. Keep them numbered.) 1. This unit provided the 10-step approach of putting a communication campaign together. Step 6 involves selecting the appropriate communication channels. Why would selecting the right channel or channels be so important? What would be some of the examples of those channels if you were trying to put a communication campaign together that was designed to increase awareness for young people about the need for physical exercise and better eating habits to address the problem of obesity? 2. What are some of the key components in the overall ecology of global health? Are these different from the ecological context for domestic health? If so, how? Please explain and provide supporting examples. 3. Does mobile technology and social media change the way communications theory can be applied? Or do these developments change the theory itself? 4. Imagine you are in charge of putting an anti-smoking communication campaign together (geared towards young adults) in your local community. Correctly identifying your target audience would be an important step. Who would be your target audience or audiences in this example? Are there any groups or sub-groups? Also, would you need to segment your audience in any way? Please address each of these questions and explain the overall importance of correctly identifying your target audience as part of your intended communication campaign. Q.1 MUST BE ANSWERED ON SATURDAY, Mar. 10 NLT 10 PM EST (A PARAGRAPH ONLY) Q. 1 Why is it important to specifically identify those individuals who are the most vulnerable in terms of getting a certain disease or diseases? · Why do general or mainstream approaches typically not work on those high-risk populations or groups? ARTICLE REVIEW (READ INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY AND PAY ATTENTION TO THE ITEM HIGHLIGHTED IN RED) · MUST BE ANSWERED BY MONDAY, MAR. 12 NLT 10 PM EST For this assignment, choose a peer-reviewed article to review. Use source that contains peer-reviewed articles, and find an article about a concept tied to the unit outcomes in this unit. Write a three- to five-page review (not counting the cover page and references page) of the article that includes the following information:  Briefly introduce and summarize the article.  Identify the author’s main points.  Who is the author’s intended audience?  How does the article apply to this course? Does it support the information in your textbook?  How could the author expand on the main points? The article must be no more than three years old. Use APA style when writing your review. UNIT VII STUD.

1. Assessment 7
Course Textbook: Edberg, M. (2015). Essentials of health
behavior: Social and behavioral theory in public health (2nd
ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Q.1 MUST BE ANSWERED ON SATURDAY, Mar. 10 NLT 10
PM EST (200 words A MUST for each
question. Please provide reference for each question for each
question. Keep them numbered.)
1. This unit provided the 10-step approach of putting a
communication campaign together. Step 6 involves selecting the
appropriate communication channels. Why would selecting the
right channel or channels be so important? What would be some
of the examples of those channels if you were trying to put a
communication campaign together that was designed to increase
awareness for young people about the need for physical exercise
and better eating habits to address the problem of obesity?
2. What are some of the key components in the overall ecology
of global health? Are these different from the ecological context
for domestic health? If so, how? Please explain and provide
supporting examples.
3. Does mobile technology and social media change the way
communications theory can be applied? Or do these
developments change the theory itself?
4. Imagine you are in charge of putting an anti-smoking
communication campaign together (geared towards young
adults) in your local community. Correctly identifying your
target audience would be an important step. Who would be your
target audience or audiences in this example? Are there any
groups or sub-groups? Also, would you need to segment your

2. audience in any way? Please address each of these questions and
explain the overall importance of correctly identifying your
target audience as part of your intended communication
campaign.
Q.1 MUST BE ANSWERED ON SATURDAY, Mar. 10 NLT 10
PM EST (A PARAGRAPH ONLY)
Q. 1 Why is it important to specifically identify those
individuals who are the most vulnerable in terms of getting a
certain disease or diseases?
· Why do general or mainstream approaches typically not work
on those high-risk populations or groups?
ARTICLE REVIEW (READ INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY
AND PAY ATTENTION TO THE ITEM HIGHLIGHTED IN
RED)
· MUST BE ANSWERED BY MONDAY, MAR. 12 NLT 10 PM
EST
For this assignment, choose a peer-reviewed article to review.
Use source that contains peer-reviewed articles, and find an
article about a concept tied to the unit outcomes in this unit.
Write a three- to five-page review (not counting the cover page
and references page) of the article that includes the following
information:
information in your textbook?
The article must be no more than three years old. Use APA style

3. when writing your review.
UNIT VII STUDY GUIDE
Addressing Needs and Reaching Out To High-Risk Groups
Next, let’s discuss the importance of implementing appropriate
health promotion programs needed for high- risk groups. We
have covered the various health promotion campaigns,
strategies, and education, but we also need to consider how
these positively influence people’s health behaviors. Some of
these examples are: alcohol campaigns, anti-smoking
campaigns, announcements regarding healthy eating habits, and
more physical activity. These are called general or mainstream
campaigns. Think of these as activities that are trying to reach a
large population.
For example, there could be a pregnancy-related campaign
emphasizing how important it is for pregnant women to eat
healthy foods or take prenatal vitamins, but what about a more
specific population of pregnant women who have been drug
users or alcoholics? This sub-group population is considered to
be a high-risk group as they have a higher risk of having health-
related issues during the course of their pregnancies, and their
behaviors could have detrimental effect on their future
newborns. Public health practitioners develop their strategies
focused on smaller populations with a high risk of developing
serious health issues/problems as a result of their unhealthy
behaviors. These targeted, specific populations are so specific
that the general population would not benefit from these types
of health promotion programs.
Let’s look at the public health challenge of HIV/AIDS and talk
about some of the important aspects. It is well known and
documented that this disease is a serious problem in developing
countries—predominantly in Africa and parts of Asia. Having
mainstream strategies will not be a feasible solution, as those
high-risk populations will not be affected. Before the strategies
are developed, public health practitioners need to understand

4. who, specifically, in the general population would be most
susceptible to contracting HIV. Then, the public health
practitioner must identify the most vulnerable members.
The next step would be to understand and identify specific
factors that are directly influencing people’s susceptibility,
vulnerability, and risk of contracting HIV. The main categories
of the factors typically include biological factors, social factors,
cultural factors, gender factors, and economic factors. Please
note that access and understanding of the target population’s
ability to receive counseling, education, and treatment as well
as income levels are all areas to consider. So the key takeaway
here is vulnerable and high-risk populations might have certain
behavioral patterns and certain social and cultural makeups that
may influence their susceptibility to contracting HIV. The
practitioners need to understand those patterns as well as the
makeup and then move on to designing specific strategies in
order to reach those vulnerable and high-risk groups.
So, as we have identified specific sub-groups, such as migrant
workers, poor youth, prisoners, drug users, and sex workers, we
need to also acknowledge each of these groups and specifically
assess these groups’ high-risk behaviors, their health needs,
barriers to change, social and cultural factors, and economic
status. Once we know all this information, we can start thinking
of strategies or interventions designed specifically for each of
those sub-groups. Please note that the following interventions
need to be focused on prevention, care, support, and treatment.
As you may already be aware, HIV can be a very serious issue
in developing countries.
Importance of an Evaluation
Next, we will further discuss the need for a thorough and
effective evaluation of your designed and implemented health
promotion program, strategies, and interventions. The
evaluation phase can provide feedback on success and
challenges so the public health practitioners can learn from
these. Also, by showing the contribution the program has made,

5. as well as the value and worth of it, a public health agency can
continue building onto its quality. Also, an evaluation can help
create realistic expectations of the key stakeholders.
Furthermore, it can create accountability (i.e., sponsors and key
stakeholders might need to see evidence that resources had been
spent appropriately).
There are two approaches that are typically used for evaluation.
One is called quantitative and another is qualitative.
Quantitative evaluation is trying to measure or find a specific
number or measurement of something. For example, if a
program’s objective was to decrease the number or people in a
target group who smoke by 25% in a period of three months, by
the end of our program we would like to measure or quantify the
number of smokers to see whether their numbers had decreased
by our desired 25%.
Qualitative evaluation, on the other hand, is more about how
well our program was delivered and received by our
participants. This type of evaluation relies more on participants’
feelings, opinions, and reactions toward our program. Also,
from this, we can see whether we could have done something
better.
Please note that there are actually three commonly used
methods of evaluating a health promotion program: impact
evaluation, outcome evaluation, and process evaluation.
Impact evaluation: This evaluation assesses whether our
program has had an immediate effect on the participants. In
other words, did our program’s activities actually motivate the
participants to change their behaviors?
Outcome evaluation: Whereas impact evaluation measures an
immediate impact, outcome evaluation assesses whether or not
our program has had a lasting effect on the participants. As we
know by now, a successful health promotion program tries to
increase participation, educate, raise awareness, prevent, and
motivate others to change their behavior. A successful health

6. promotion program’s evaluation can help the practitioners to
determine whether their program’s strategies or interventions
reached the target groups in such a way that their behaviors
were changed and their health status was improved.
Process evaluation: This step serves to evaluate and validate the
how well the processes worked and any modifications that may
be needed. If the processes need to be revised, this is the step to
incorporate needed changes and re-evaluate the processes
required to be successful.