ASPC2007

This document analyzes welfare state efforts across 23 OECD countries using fuzzy set ideal type analysis. It establishes four sets - protective, productive, protective-plus, and productive-plus - based on levels of income protection, employment protection, education spending, and job training funding. Countries' membership in these sets is evaluated over time. The analysis finds that Finland exemplifies a protective-productive type, while the US alternates between productive and weak-protective. Few countries show a clear shift towards stronger investment in human capital through education and training.