This document presents a proposed self-healing control algorithm to improve the reliability of a smart grid distribution system. It begins with an introduction that outlines how smart grid solutions can help utilities quickly identify faults, shorten outage times, and restore power faster. The document then reviews literature on various approaches to self-healing control and identifies gaps in existing research. Specifically, it is proposed to develop a self-healing control algorithm using modern control theory and artificial intelligence to address voltage instability from supply-demand imbalances introduced by renewable energy sources and electric vehicles. An experiment is outlined to test the algorithm on a proposed smart grid distribution system model incorporating solar power, energy storage, and electric vehicles.
FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH FOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINEJournal For Research
Transmission line among the other electrical power system component suffers from unexpected failure due to various random causes. Because transmission line is quite large as it is open in environment. A fault occurs on transmission line when two or more conductors come in contact with each other or ground. This paper presents a proposed model based on MATLAB software to detect the fault on transmission line. Fault detection has been achieved by using Fuzzy Logic based intelligent control technique. The proposed method aims in presenting a fast and accurate fault diagnosis method to classify and identify the type of fault which occurs on a power transmission system. In this paper, some of the unconventional approaches for condition monitoring of power systems comprising of relay Breaker, along with the application of soft computing technique like fuzzy logic. Results show that the proposed methodology is efficient in identifying fault in transmission system.
FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH FOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINEJournal For Research
Transmission line among the other electrical power system component suffers from unexpected failure due to various random causes. Because transmission line is quite large as it is open in environment. A fault occurs on transmission line when two or more conductors come in contact with each other or ground. This paper presents a proposed model based on MATLAB software to detect the fault on transmission line. Fault detection has been achieved by using Fuzzy Logic based intelligent control technique. The proposed method aims in presenting a fast and accurate fault diagnosis method to classify and identify the type of fault which occurs on a power transmission system. In this paper, some of the unconventional approaches for condition monitoring of power systems comprising of relay Breaker, along with the application of soft computing technique like fuzzy logic. Results show that the proposed methodology is efficient in identifying fault in transmission system.
A Novel Back Up Wide Area Protection Technique for Power Transmission Grids U...Power System Operation
Current differential protection relays are widely applied
to the protection of electrical plant due to their simplicity,
sensitivity and stability for internal and external faults. The proposed
idea has the feature of unit protection relays to protect large
power transmission grids based on phasor measurement units. The
principle of the protection scheme depends on comparing positive
sequence voltage magnitudes at each bus during fault conditions
inside a system protection center to detect the nearest bus to
the fault. Then the absolute differences of positive sequence current
angles are compared for all lines connecting to this bus to
detect the faulted line. The new technique depends on synchronized
phasor measuring technology with high speed communication
system and time transfer GPS system. The simulation of the interconnecting
system is applied on 500 kV Egyptian network using
Matlab Simulink. The new technique can successfully distinguish
between internal and external faults for interconnected lines. The
new protection scheme works as unit protection system for long
transmission lines. The time of fault detection is estimated by 5
msec for all fault conditions and the relay is evaluated as a back
up relay based on the communication speed for data transferring.
IRJET-A Novel Approach for Automatic Monitoring of Power Consumption using S...IRJET Journal
In Smart Grid, the smart meters are versatile role with intelligent capabilities in order to meet the consumer's demands and their each objective. Smart meter can measure and communicate detailed real time electricity usage, facilitate remote real time monitoring and control power consumptions and consumers are provided with real time pricing and analyzed usage information, which is a technical data to be transmitted to the grid, who are utility providers. More detailed feedback on each appliance to the user.This paper gives an overview of the security issues regarding power grids. It is targeted to use case scenarios, namely smart metering, and home gateway for applications like electric cars and home multimedia contents distribution over the power grid.
Implementation of Automation for the Seamless Identification of Fault in Mode...ijtsrd
Every machine in the world runs on electricity so we cannot even imagine the world without electric power. Electricity has a pivotal role in our lives. Electricity is one of the aspect that leads to the development of the country and help people to live their life comfortably. Like power generation electric power distribution is also a challenging aspect. The existing Indian distribution network is also facing so many challenges such as the annual load growth is increasing, the distribution network power losses are high, distribution equipment failure due to over loading, poor voltage profile of the system and the number of breakdowns and frequent interruptions on distribution feeders are high. So there is a need for electric utilities to make their distribution system a modern one, a smart one and an agile one. These things necessitate the automation of a distribution system to overcome the prevailing difficulties. The paper presents a the distribution system Automation for a smart grid that is analyzed and implemented using Multi Agent System MAS for four significant issues of power system such as Fault identification, isolation and restoration FIIR using Multiagent system for a smart grid application. Abdul Wahied Khan | Yuvraj Singh Ranawat | Deepak Kumar Joshi "Implementation of Automation for the Seamless Identification of Fault in Modern Smart Grids" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49856.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/49856/implementation-of-automation-for-the-seamless-identification-of-fault-in-modern-smart-grids/abdul-wahied-khan
A transient current based micro grid connected power system protection scheme...IJECEIAES
Micro-grids comprise Distributed Energy Resources (DER’s) with low voltage distribution networks having controllable loads those can operate with different voltage levels are connected to the micro-grid and operated in grid mode or islanding mode in a coordinated way of control. DER’s provides clear environment-economical benefits for society and consumer utilities. But their development poses great technical challenges mainly protection of main and micro grid. Protection scheme must have to respond to both the main grid and micro-grid faults. If the fault is occurs on main grid, the response must isolate the DER’s from the main grid rapidly to protect the system loads. If the fault ocuurs within the micro-grid, the protection scheme must coordinate and isolates the least priority possible part of the grid to eliminate the fault. In order to deal with the bidirectional energy flow due to large numbers of micro sources new protection schemes are required. The system is simulated using MATLAB Wavelet Tool box and Wavelet based Multi-resolution Analysis is considered. Wavelet based Multi-resolution Analysis is used for detection, discrimination and location of faults on transmission network. This paper is discussed a transient current based micro-grid connected power system protection scheme using Wavelet Approach described on wavelet detailed-coefficients of Mother Biorthogonal 1.5 wavelet. The proposed algorithm is tested in micro-grid connected power systems environment and proved for the detection, discrimination and location of faults which is almost independent of fault impedance, fault inception angle (FIA) and fault distance of feeder line.
(a)What do you mean by smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(b)What is need of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(c) What are various merits and benefits of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(d) Various technologies to make adjusting system into smart substation, smart distribution & Transmission system?
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA Ajesh Jacob
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA
LABVIEW PROJECT FINAL YEAR EEE
ABSTRACT: A tap changer control operates to connect appropriate tap position of winding in power transformers to maintain correct voltage level in the power transmission and distribution system. Automatic tap changing can be implemented by using µC. This improved tap-changing decision and operational flexibility of this new technique make it attractive for deployment in practical power system network. This paper deals with the implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers. Two strategies are suggested for its implementation as a software module in the paper. One is to integrate it with the supervisory system in a substation control room operating in a LAN environment. In this configuration, the parallel transformers can be controlled locally. The other is to integrate it into the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, which allows the transformers to be monitored and controlled remotely over a wide area of power-network. The implementation of µC based tap changer control needs interfacing between the power system and the control circuitry. µC s may need to interact with people for the purpose of configuration, alarm reporting or everyday control.
A human-machine interface (HMI) is employed for this purpose. An HMI is usually linked to the SCADA system’s databases and software programs, to provide trending, diagnostic data, and management information such as scheduled maintenance procedures, logistic information, detailed schematics for a particular sensor or machine, and expert-system troubleshooting guides.
OBJECTIVES: The original system can afford the following features:
- Complete information about the plant (circuit breakers status, source of feeding, and level of the consumed power).
- Information about the operating values of the voltage, operating values of the transformers, operating values of the medium voltage, load feeders, operating values of the generators. These values will assist in getting any action to return the plant to its normal operation by minimum costs.
- Information about the quality of the system (harmonics, current, voltages, power factors, flickers, etc.). These values will be very essential in case of future correction.
- Recorded information such case voltage spikes, reducing the voltage on the medium or current interruption.
- implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers.
A REVIEW OF SELF HEALING SMART GRIDS USING THE MULTIAGENT SYSTEMijiert bestjournal
This paper is trying review different techniques us ed for self healing of the smart grid network. A smart grid has taken a very high importance in th e last ten years or so. Then the advancement in smart grid has taken a major importance. One of the most important aspects in the field of smart grid is a self healing of fault,and this att racted the researchers. As described in many research papers,one of the main requirements of th e electrical grid is to maintain zero gap between generation and distribution [2,3,4]. Howe ver deregulation and decentralized generation has given with the information and communication te chnology (ICT). This paper will summarize latest available techniques for self healing smart grids.
Modelling and Implementation of Microprocessor Based Numerical Relay for Prot...Kashif Mehmood
This paper includes the design and implementation of Numerical Relay that can protect the equipment against over-voltage, over-current and under voltage. Although, every power system is subjected to faults and these faults can severe damage to the power system. Therefore, it is necessary
to observe and resolve in time to avoid a large damage such as blackouts. For this purpose, there
should be some sensing devices, which give signals to the circuit breakers for preventing of power
system damages. The multipurpose relays have much importance role in power system for sensing
and measuring the amplitude of faults. Numerical relay provides settings of over-current, overvoltage and under voltage values. Simulations have been carried out using Proteus software along
with tested on hardware with Arduino Uno Microcontroller that proves the working and operation of
numerical relay.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
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A Novel Back Up Wide Area Protection Technique for Power Transmission Grids U...Power System Operation
Current differential protection relays are widely applied
to the protection of electrical plant due to their simplicity,
sensitivity and stability for internal and external faults. The proposed
idea has the feature of unit protection relays to protect large
power transmission grids based on phasor measurement units. The
principle of the protection scheme depends on comparing positive
sequence voltage magnitudes at each bus during fault conditions
inside a system protection center to detect the nearest bus to
the fault. Then the absolute differences of positive sequence current
angles are compared for all lines connecting to this bus to
detect the faulted line. The new technique depends on synchronized
phasor measuring technology with high speed communication
system and time transfer GPS system. The simulation of the interconnecting
system is applied on 500 kV Egyptian network using
Matlab Simulink. The new technique can successfully distinguish
between internal and external faults for interconnected lines. The
new protection scheme works as unit protection system for long
transmission lines. The time of fault detection is estimated by 5
msec for all fault conditions and the relay is evaluated as a back
up relay based on the communication speed for data transferring.
IRJET-A Novel Approach for Automatic Monitoring of Power Consumption using S...IRJET Journal
In Smart Grid, the smart meters are versatile role with intelligent capabilities in order to meet the consumer's demands and their each objective. Smart meter can measure and communicate detailed real time electricity usage, facilitate remote real time monitoring and control power consumptions and consumers are provided with real time pricing and analyzed usage information, which is a technical data to be transmitted to the grid, who are utility providers. More detailed feedback on each appliance to the user.This paper gives an overview of the security issues regarding power grids. It is targeted to use case scenarios, namely smart metering, and home gateway for applications like electric cars and home multimedia contents distribution over the power grid.
Implementation of Automation for the Seamless Identification of Fault in Mode...ijtsrd
Every machine in the world runs on electricity so we cannot even imagine the world without electric power. Electricity has a pivotal role in our lives. Electricity is one of the aspect that leads to the development of the country and help people to live their life comfortably. Like power generation electric power distribution is also a challenging aspect. The existing Indian distribution network is also facing so many challenges such as the annual load growth is increasing, the distribution network power losses are high, distribution equipment failure due to over loading, poor voltage profile of the system and the number of breakdowns and frequent interruptions on distribution feeders are high. So there is a need for electric utilities to make their distribution system a modern one, a smart one and an agile one. These things necessitate the automation of a distribution system to overcome the prevailing difficulties. The paper presents a the distribution system Automation for a smart grid that is analyzed and implemented using Multi Agent System MAS for four significant issues of power system such as Fault identification, isolation and restoration FIIR using Multiagent system for a smart grid application. Abdul Wahied Khan | Yuvraj Singh Ranawat | Deepak Kumar Joshi "Implementation of Automation for the Seamless Identification of Fault in Modern Smart Grids" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49856.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/49856/implementation-of-automation-for-the-seamless-identification-of-fault-in-modern-smart-grids/abdul-wahied-khan
A transient current based micro grid connected power system protection scheme...IJECEIAES
Micro-grids comprise Distributed Energy Resources (DER’s) with low voltage distribution networks having controllable loads those can operate with different voltage levels are connected to the micro-grid and operated in grid mode or islanding mode in a coordinated way of control. DER’s provides clear environment-economical benefits for society and consumer utilities. But their development poses great technical challenges mainly protection of main and micro grid. Protection scheme must have to respond to both the main grid and micro-grid faults. If the fault is occurs on main grid, the response must isolate the DER’s from the main grid rapidly to protect the system loads. If the fault ocuurs within the micro-grid, the protection scheme must coordinate and isolates the least priority possible part of the grid to eliminate the fault. In order to deal with the bidirectional energy flow due to large numbers of micro sources new protection schemes are required. The system is simulated using MATLAB Wavelet Tool box and Wavelet based Multi-resolution Analysis is considered. Wavelet based Multi-resolution Analysis is used for detection, discrimination and location of faults on transmission network. This paper is discussed a transient current based micro-grid connected power system protection scheme using Wavelet Approach described on wavelet detailed-coefficients of Mother Biorthogonal 1.5 wavelet. The proposed algorithm is tested in micro-grid connected power systems environment and proved for the detection, discrimination and location of faults which is almost independent of fault impedance, fault inception angle (FIA) and fault distance of feeder line.
(a)What do you mean by smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(b)What is need of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(c) What are various merits and benefits of smart substation, smart feeders & Transmission system?
(d) Various technologies to make adjusting system into smart substation, smart distribution & Transmission system?
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA Ajesh Jacob
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA
LABVIEW PROJECT FINAL YEAR EEE
ABSTRACT: A tap changer control operates to connect appropriate tap position of winding in power transformers to maintain correct voltage level in the power transmission and distribution system. Automatic tap changing can be implemented by using µC. This improved tap-changing decision and operational flexibility of this new technique make it attractive for deployment in practical power system network. This paper deals with the implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers. Two strategies are suggested for its implementation as a software module in the paper. One is to integrate it with the supervisory system in a substation control room operating in a LAN environment. In this configuration, the parallel transformers can be controlled locally. The other is to integrate it into the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, which allows the transformers to be monitored and controlled remotely over a wide area of power-network. The implementation of µC based tap changer control needs interfacing between the power system and the control circuitry. µC s may need to interact with people for the purpose of configuration, alarm reporting or everyday control.
A human-machine interface (HMI) is employed for this purpose. An HMI is usually linked to the SCADA system’s databases and software programs, to provide trending, diagnostic data, and management information such as scheduled maintenance procedures, logistic information, detailed schematics for a particular sensor or machine, and expert-system troubleshooting guides.
OBJECTIVES: The original system can afford the following features:
- Complete information about the plant (circuit breakers status, source of feeding, and level of the consumed power).
- Information about the operating values of the voltage, operating values of the transformers, operating values of the medium voltage, load feeders, operating values of the generators. These values will assist in getting any action to return the plant to its normal operation by minimum costs.
- Information about the quality of the system (harmonics, current, voltages, power factors, flickers, etc.). These values will be very essential in case of future correction.
- Recorded information such case voltage spikes, reducing the voltage on the medium or current interruption.
- implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers.
A REVIEW OF SELF HEALING SMART GRIDS USING THE MULTIAGENT SYSTEMijiert bestjournal
This paper is trying review different techniques us ed for self healing of the smart grid network. A smart grid has taken a very high importance in th e last ten years or so. Then the advancement in smart grid has taken a major importance. One of the most important aspects in the field of smart grid is a self healing of fault,and this att racted the researchers. As described in many research papers,one of the main requirements of th e electrical grid is to maintain zero gap between generation and distribution [2,3,4]. Howe ver deregulation and decentralized generation has given with the information and communication te chnology (ICT). This paper will summarize latest available techniques for self healing smart grids.
Modelling and Implementation of Microprocessor Based Numerical Relay for Prot...Kashif Mehmood
This paper includes the design and implementation of Numerical Relay that can protect the equipment against over-voltage, over-current and under voltage. Although, every power system is subjected to faults and these faults can severe damage to the power system. Therefore, it is necessary
to observe and resolve in time to avoid a large damage such as blackouts. For this purpose, there
should be some sensing devices, which give signals to the circuit breakers for preventing of power
system damages. The multipurpose relays have much importance role in power system for sensing
and measuring the amplitude of faults. Numerical relay provides settings of over-current, overvoltage and under voltage values. Simulations have been carried out using Proteus software along
with tested on hardware with Arduino Uno Microcontroller that proves the working and operation of
numerical relay.
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In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
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Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
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Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
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Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
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Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...
ASHUTOSH BHATT DT19EEJ008 RPC JUNE22.ppt
1. Self-Healing Control Algorithm in order to enhance the reliability of
a proposed Smart Grid Distribution System.
Presented by
Ashutosh Bhatt
Roll No DT19EEJ008
under the guidance of
Dr. Prakash Dwivedi
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UTTARAKHAND
2. Introduction
Electric utilities were heavily dependent on customers for
notifications of an outage. Now, using smart grid solutions and
self-healing capabilities, utilities can remotely monitor power
equipment to:
Quickly identify faults
Shorten the frequency and duration of outages
Recover faster
It is a critical advancement, since even short disruptions
can inconvenience customers and cause financial and
productivity losses
3. CONT….
• One of the primary characteristics of a smart grid is its ability to self-
heal. Self healing capabilities minimize blackouts because they allow for
continuous self-assessments that inspect, analyze, react to, and
automatically respond to problems. This is possible through the widespread
deployment of sensors and other intelligent devices and automated controls
that check and evaluate the status and condition of the network to identify
abnormalities and problems
• Using this information, the grid can agilely and accurately isolate network
failure and react to protect the power infrastructure. This intelligent
automation allows more effective monitoring and decision making without
human intervention. The overall result is a more reliable grid that
maximizes uptime and increases the efficiency and security of your
systems.
4. CONT….
Technology has also changed the way utilities can respond to an outage —
there’s less fumbling to determine the wheres, whens, and whys of the
problem. Fault location, isolation, and service restoration (FLISR)
technology lets utilities:
Get power back on faster by detecting the fault location quickly using real-
time information collected from field devices
Reconfigure the flow of electricity to resupply power to the de-energized
parts of the distribution network
Reduce the number of customers affected by the outage
The electrical grid will always be at risk of outage, caused by weather,
equipment failure, wildlife, human error, and even sabotage, but with
technological advancements, you can troubleshoot problems before they
occur and get up and running faster after an outage.
5. Introduction
A Smart Grid is a modernised future electric power network that uses
various modern technologies, intelligence and approaches in order to
provide sustainable, reliable and secure renewable and distributed energy
resources.
Optimal control and efficient operation of renewable & distributed energy
resources are one of the greatest challenges that are spontaneously leading
the Smart Grid to an unstable state from its steady-state. Frequent and large
instability results brown-out of the grid equipment which leads plant failure
as well as power outage of the grid.
Thus, the overall reliability of the power system reduces. Consequently, so
we focuses on the factors that affect the reliability of the Smart Grid
particularly its Distribution System.
6. CONT….
It has also been identified through research that voltage instability is
the direct result of supply-demand unbalance. For example,
Photovoltaic solar panel is historically at maximum power
generation mode while demand of the system is below the average
magnitudes. This results in surplus power to supply to the grid
network and causes overvoltage.
In addition to Photovoltaic, recently emerged Hybrid Electric
Vehicle and small-scale Electric Energy Storage charge and
discharge across the consumer terminals. These introduce additional
supply-demand unbalances hence voltage instability due to State-of-
Charge and Depth-of-Discharge of such distributed energy
resources. Consequently, the control and operation of Smart Grid
Distribution System are becoming critical day by day.
8. The smart grid self-Healing system consists of smart sensors, self-acting
intelligent controllers, and sophisticated software tools. It utilizes real-time
information to identify and disconnect faults and to reform the system to
reduce the affected customers. Another main aim is to enhance the
reliability. It can be achieved through reconfiguration of switches,
enclosure connected on the distribution lines.
Reconfiguration method rapidly separate faulted section of the feeder as
well as continuing functions to many consumers through alternate feeder
lines. Distributed Automation (DA) which includes feeder, substation, and
user automation are prominent tools to accomplishing the self-healing,
power quality, reliability and enabling the integration of renewable energy
resources.
DA control forces are needs of smart grid self healing relating to reliability,
power quality, regulatory incentives, penalties, optimize operations and
pressure to cut costs. Major application of DA is detection, Isolation of
faults and Service Restoration (FLISR) that can considerably minimize
9. Literature Survey
Theory of Self-Healing Control is proposed for smart distribution system
without any evidence and technological innovation [1]. No mathematical
evidence is shown in the publication. There is no simulation work
presented to support self-healing control functionality in smart distribution
system.
Distribution relaying intelligence has been focused for transmission system.
The relay is expected to communicate and coordinate to implement an
adaptive current differential relaying function [2].
Relays in each zone is assumed as an agent and this is how multi-agent
based theory is been implemented to select protection zones. However, this
is an improvement of an existing system while transmission system
protection philosophy in a proven technology which doesn’t work in
distribution system
10. An Ant Colony Algorithm is proposed to optimise power in faulty part of
the power network. The algorithm is applied on 33 node test system where
unidirectional power flow is focused [3]. The interconnected systems are
used as distributed generators in order to use reconfiguration and
restoration of the fault network. The Self-Healing Control is used to
reconfigure interconnected transmission lines to maintain a continuous
power flow to the customer premises. However, fault in distribution system
will not work for reconfiguration in transmission lines.
A cooperative Multi-Agent System (MAS) control structure is proposed for
the implementation of the self-healing operation [4]. The control agents
possess the intelligent ability to use communication and negotiation in
order to determine the current and predicted states of the system and then
set their actuators and switches in a way that will achieve their own
objectives as closely as possible while satisfying any constraints.
Literature Survey Cont….
11. In this paper, heuristic searching method is used to reconfigure the radial feeder
to restore as much service as possible after a permanent fault in a smart
distribution network [5]. However, this paper is focused on theory of a
restoration method without any strong evidence (e.g.: simulation or
mathematical model). How a smart distribution network will operate DERs
during a fault is a significant question so far is not addressed in the paper.
In this paper, an alarm management framework is proposed for intelligent
alarm processing [6]. Firstly, the alarm for self-healing smart distribution
system is categorized. Then a model based intelligent alarm processing method
is proposed for effective management alarms and events by multi-level analysis
in alarm level, constraints level and systematic level. Finally, example is
presented based on a proposed framework. However, this is a statistical model
to manage abnormal events of the system. Who and how this alarm is going to
manage is not been clarified. If this alarm can be managed by SCADA or RTU,
a two way communication including IEDs is required in smart distribution
network which has not been focused in the paper.
Literature Survey Cont….
12. This is a survey paper on Self-Healing Control for Smart Distribution Grid which
emphasise the significance of a new control strategy for future electric energy system
[7]. According to this paper, for large-scale, distributed wide area distribution networks,
it is needed to establish a synchronization information based on wide-area protection and
control theory and technology to coordinate the integration of network components
protection, regional optimizing control, preventive and corrective control, emergency
recovery control with multi-line of defence of self-healing power grid control system.
This paper proposed for deploying a Smart Fault Current Clear (FCC) device and
expected that the utility can prevent breakdown of the coordination [8]. The Smart FCC
regulates the fault current to the point to make protection devices operate properly and
maintain the protection integrity. The Smart FCC controller calculates firing angle and
controls fault current under the reference value, therefore protection devices operate as
designed. However, high penetration level of grid connected DGs will result in larger
fault current level and may destroy the harmony of fitly coordinated protective gears,
hence collapse coordination, for example, by blowing the fuse faster than other circuit
breakers. This causes nuisance tripping of the critical loads located downstream from the
fuse. Technically, huge financial loss or damage to the equipment sensitive to power
quality may occur.
Literature Survey Cont….
13. According to this paper, quick response to overload contingencies and restore
power grid to the normal operation condition is the major requirement of
overload control strategies [9]. The power flow redistribution strategy needs to
coordinate with backup relays to avoid undesired tripping, which may result in
cascading tripping, and even blackouts. Traditional power flow redistribution
strategies cannot fully meet the requirement of quickly relieving overload in a
safe and efficient way. A Universal Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is proposed
to overcome these problems. However, component failure due to overload and
overvoltage is not a subject of power flow control. Power flow control can
According to this paper, the existing power flow redistribution methods employ
power flow (PF) or optimal power flow (OPF) for calculations [10]. The
computation cost for PF and OPF is relatively long when considering the speed
requirement of quickly relieving overloads in the self-healing power grid. A
UPFC is proposed here like previous paper where, it is repeatedly mentioned
that power flow is subject to stability of the system cannot meet the
requirements of bidirectional power flow.
Literature Survey Cont….
14. This is a survey paper published from IEEE Smart Grid Forum where
requirements of Smart Grid are focused [12]. This paper identified Self-
Healing Control as the most desirable control strategy for the Smart Grid.
According to his paper, Self-Healing Control is an automatic or semi-
automatic restoration of grid operation in case of component/grid faults
helps power system and infrastructure operators.
The goal of the paper was to find the optimal position of the switches in
order to guarantee more continuity of the service [13]. In particular, for
each possible fault, an optimization problem was solved and the creation of
self-supplied islands was suggested by installing more and more
sectionalising switches. However, sectionalise switch has two significant
problems. Firstly, it doesn’t coordinate with circuit breaker or autorecloser.
Secondly, its costs are not worth than their operational outcomes.
Additionally, such switches increase the failure rate of the system.
Literature Survey Cont….
15. Literature Survey Cont….
In addition, most of these works addressed 11kV radial interconnected radial feeder with a
normally open tie switch. Several works suggest replacing lateral fuses, circuit breaker, and
reclosers by intelligent switch/controller or smart reclosers and so on. However, most of the
work focused for unidirectional power flow and limited control and protection in feeder level.
Lateral, sub lateral and distribution transformer levels are ignored. Also, most of this research
is either in the preliminary stages or based on traditional energy distribution systems.[14]
The protection and control scheme in operation at the current time has designed for one-way
power flow with inadequate communication facilities. Integration of low voltage DER (5V-
24V DC) in medium voltage (e.g.: 11kV) system can potentially affect the behaviour of
distribution system as well as the entire power system. High power inverter, voltage and
frequency synchronous (synchroniser and stabiliser) converter will be required which will
result high installation and maintenance costs. The future distribution system eventually has
to deal with bidirectional power flow.[15]
16. Literature Survey Cont….
Moreover, in current literature, domestic PV doesn’t work during a
blackout as it is designed [16-17]. In fact, PV is installed without any
intelligence in Smart Meter. PHEV charging and discharging requires
intelligence which is not yet invented.
A typical PHEV take about 8 hours to charge. It is designing to discharge
by coordinating with the main grid. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), is expecting
HEV to charge in a charging station as well. Like the fuel station, V2G will
coordinate with HEV charging station where grid stability can deserve.
However, gaps between end user to grid or substation can cause potential
stability issue which can instable the entire system. Additionally, some
other significant integration issue such as system transient and harmonics
has to be addressed appropriately.
17. Existing Research Gap Analysis
It has been identified through a literature research that voltage
instability is one of the main reasons to brown-out of grid
equipment and caused power outage hence reduced reliability
of the grid.
It has also been identified through research that voltage
instability is the direct result of supply-demand unbalance. For
example, Photovoltaic solar panel is historically at maximum
power generation mode while demand of the system is below
the average magnitudes.
This results in surplus power to supply to the grid network and
causes overvoltage. In addition to Photovoltaic, recently
emerged Hybrid Electric Vehicle and small-scale Electric
Energy Storage charge and discharge across the consumer
18. Existing Research Gap Analysis Cont..
These introduce additional supply-demand unbalances hence voltage instability
due to State-of- Charge and Depth-of-Discharge of such distributed energy
resources. Consequently, the control and operation of Smart Grid Distribution
System are becoming critical day by day. So we want to developed a Self-
Healing Control Algorithm to improve reliability of a Smart Grid Distribution
system
Self-Healing Control is developed as a form of intelligent control technique by
integrating modern robust control theory (i.e.: state-variable approach) together
with various computer-based artificial intelligence approaches (i.e.: Genetic
Algorithm and Bayesian Probability).
The Self-Healing Control was implemented to a secondary distribution system
in order to improve reliability for mitigating impact of integration of renewable
and distributed energy resources focusing voltage instability due to supply-
demand unbalance.
19. Proposed Objectives
Carry out literature survey to establish the state of the art of
the reliability in an existing electric distribution system
Outline the factors that affect the reliability by identifying
shortcomings of measures currently taken to improve
reliability and the published work that proposes to improve
the reliability in future.
Propose a Smart Grid Distribution System by modifying an
existing electric distribution system that includes Photovoltaic
solar panel as a renewable energy resource, Electric Energy
Storage and Hybrid Electric Vehicle as distributed energy
resources
20. Proposed Objectives Cont…
• Investigate the key impact of modification to the Smart Grid
distribution focusing the reliability
• Develop a Self-Healing Control Algorithm by means of state-
variable approach, Bayesian inference and Genetic
Optimisation Algorithm to mitigate supply-demand unbalances
as well as voltage instability focusing the reliability.
• Evaluate the feasibility of the Self-Healing Control Algorithm
for enhancing the reliability to the proposed Smart Grid
Distribution System
21. Proposed Smart Grid Distribution System
In a number of countries (e.g.: Germany, Denmark, Australia, Italy and Spain)
levels of renewable energy resources including distributed energy resources
base electricity have already exceeded the local power grids hosting capacity.
This facilitates storing electricity by charging of Electric Energy Storage and
emerging Hybrid Electric Vehicle while generation is surplus than demand.
Distributed energy resources discharge to satisfy sudden changes of demands,
peak demands and provide steady state operation to the Smart Grid distribution
System. These also improve reliability by providing schedule maintenance over
the day when Photovoltaic solar panels generation is at maximum and
distributed energy resources are fully charged. Therefore, modeling most an
appropriate and universal Smart Grid Distribution system is crucial in order to
investigate its control (i.e.: Self-Healing Control ) and operation under normal
as well disturbance conditions.
22. Experiment Setup
S. No. Name of Equipment Specification
1. Off-grid solar plant Total rated power of Plant = 4-kW
Make = ibSOLAR, Number of panels = 12
Solar Panel nominal voltage rating = 24V
Solar Panel power rating = 325 W,
2. Charge controller MPPT charge controller,
Type of MPPT = Perturb & Observe
Current Rating = 40 A, Voltage Rating = 48 V Number of units
= 4
3. Solar Tubular Batteries Voltage rating = 12V; Charge capacity = 75A Number of units
= 16; Make = Exide
4. Digital storage oscilloscope Make= Tektronix ; Model = TDS2024C; Number
of channels = 4; Frequency range = 200 MHz; number of unit
=1
5. Digital Clamp Meter Make = MASTECH; AC/DC ; voltage rating =600V; current rating =
400A, Number of units = 2
6. Digital Multimeter Make = MASTECH; AC/DC ; voltage rating =600V; current rating =
10A, Number of units = 2
7. Diesel Generator Make = Koel Chotta Chilli; 230-V, 5-kVA, 1-Phase AC output silent
generator
23. S.No Name of Equipment Specification
8. Switches for customized Hbridges High voltage MOSFETs with driver ICs, Number
of units = 20
9. Wind Turbine Generator 1-kW off-grid horizontal axis WT, 3-Phase PM
10. Off-grid controller Charging unit with 24V DC output
11. Battery bank 12 volt, 75 Ah, number of units = 2
12. Batteries with trolley stand 12 volt, 80 Ah, number of units = 7
13. SMPS charger 12V/24V/48V DC, number of units = 3
14. Compact electric load 250 W, 1-kW, 100Var, 3-ph load
15. Miscellaneous items Isolators, test batteries, PCBs, MOSFETs, Drivers,
voltage regulators, capacitors, resistors, wires,
adaptors, SMPS (12V/6V/3V), microcontrollers,
connectors
16. Micro Grid Test Bench
17. Sensor Board
32. References
1. William Kirstering ‘’ Distribution System Design’’, ‘’Distribution System
Design and Analysis’’, Third Edition, ISBN- 0-8493-1791-6, Washington
DC, USA, CRC Press LLC, September 2011, Ch. 3: Sec.-3.1, pp61-75.
2. Turan Gonen; ‘’Protection and Control in distribution system; ‘’Electric
Power Distribution Systems and Engineering’’; Second Edition;
Washington DC, USA; CRC Press; 2013; Ch. 8; sec. 8.1-8.14; pp. 471-
493.
3. James A. Momoh ‘’ Distribution Automation and Control Functions’’,
Electric power distribution, automation, protection, and control, First
Edition, ISBN-10: 0849368359, Washington DC, USA, CRC Press,
September 2008, Ch. 2: Sec.-2.1, pp41.
4. T A Short ‘’ Distribution System Protection and Control’’, Electric power
distribution, Handbook, First Edition, ISBN- 0-8493-1791-6, Washington
DC, USA, CRC Press LLC, September 2004, Ch. 8: Sec.-8.1, pp471-475
33. References
5. Su Sheng, K. K. Li, W. L. Chan, Zeng Xiangjun and Duan Xianzhong,
"Agent-based self-healing protection system," in IEEE Transactions on
Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 610-618, April 2006.
6. X. Qiang, G. Haibin, F. Xugang and C. Zhenzhi, "Research on self-healing
strategy of smart distribution grid based on improved ant colony
algorithm," 2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC),
Yinchuan, 2016, pp. 390-395.
7. A. Zidan and E. F. El-Saadany, "A Cooperative Multiagent Framework for
Self-Healing Mechanisms in Distribution Systems," in IEEE Transactions
on Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1525-1539, Sept. 2012.
8. L. Deng, J. Fei, C. Ban, C. Cai and X. Zhang, "The simulation of self-
healing restoration control for smart distribution network," Software
Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 2015 6th IEEE International
34. References
9. Kang Taifeng et al., "An alarm management framework for self-healing
smart distribution system," 2014 China International Conference on
Electricity Distribution (CICED), Shenzhen, 2014, pp. 293-296.
10.Wen Dan,Liu Min ‘’A Survey on Self-Healing Control of Smart
Distribution Grid’’, 2012 International Conference on Future Electrical
Power and Energy Systems, Lecture Notes in Information Technology,
Vol.9
11.J. W. Shim, T. Nam, J. Y. Jang, T. K. Ko, M. C. Ahn and K. Hur, "Towards
a Self-Healing Electric Grid With Superconducting Fault Current
Controllers," in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 22,
no. 3, pp. 5600904-5600904, June 2012.
12.Z. Jiao, K. Men and J. Zhong, "A control strategy to fast relieve overload in
a self-healing smart grid," 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General
Meeting, San Diego, CA, 2012, pp. 1-7.
35. References
13.Z. Jiao, X. Wang and H. Gong, "Wide area measurement/wide area
information-based control strategy to fast relieve overloads in a self-healing
power grid," in IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 8, no. 6,
pp. 1168-1176, June 2014.
14.Strasser, T.; Andren, F.; Kathan, J.; Cecati, C.; Buccella, C.; Siano, P.;
Leitao, P.; Zhabelova, G.; Vyatkin, V.; Vrba, P.; Marik, V., "A Review of
Architectures and Concepts for Intelligence in Future Electric Energy
Systems," Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol.62, no.4,
pp.2424,2438, April 2015
15.V. Calderaro, V. Galdi, A. Piccolo and P. Siano, "Improving reliability
system by optimal sectionaliser placement in smart distribution grid," 2010
IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Bari, 2010, pp.
2530-2536.
36. References
16.D. Haughton and G. T. Heydt, "Smart distribution system design:
Automatic reconfiguration for improved reliability," IEEE PES General
Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, 2010, pp. 1-8.
17.L. Deng, J. Fei, C. Ban, C. Cai and X. Zhang, "The simulation of self-
healing restoration control for smart distribution network," Software
Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 2015 6th IEEE International
Conference on, Beijing, 2015, pp. 482-485.