Artificial intelligence has a long history dating back to ancient inventors but has seen major advances in recent decades. Modern AI aims to mimic human cognitive abilities like learning, problem solving, and language processing. Notable developments include IBM's Deep Blue beating a chess champion in 1997 and Stanford's self-driving car winning a 2005 race. Rapid progress is predicted in fields like healthcare, transportation, and customer service using AI technologies like machine learning and autonomous robots and vehicles. However, concerns remain about potential economic and social impacts as AI capabilities continue to grow.

1. Artificial Intelligence

2. Pre-Computer History
● 1206 - An Arab inventor, named Al-Jazari, designed the first programmable
humanoid robot
● 1642 - Pascal created the first mechanical digital calculating machine
● 1801 - Joseph-Marie Jacquard invented the first programmable machine
● 1818 - Mary Shelley publishes the story of Frankenstein’s Monster
● 1939 - During the New York World’s Fair, Westinghouse Electricat introduces “Electro
and Sparko”, a mechanical man and dog

3. Pascal’s Calculating Machine (1642)
Jacquard Loom (1801)
“Electro”, the mechanical man, at the World's Fair in New York (1939)

4. Modern History

5. Modern History
● 1990s - Major advancement period for AI
○ Deep Blue chess program (IBM) beats the world champion (‘97)
○ First autonomous robotics system, “Sojourner”, was deployed on Mars
(‘97)
○ Web crawlers and other AI based “information extraction” programs help
spread the use of the worldwide web (search engines)
● 2000s
○ A robot with a face that expresses emotions is developed (MIT)
○ In 2005, a race of all autonomous vehicles is won by a team from Stanford

6. IBM’s Deep Blue chess program beats the current world
champion (1997)
Stanford’s self-driving car, “Stanley” (2005)

7. Science and Technology
Artificial Intelligence is applied when a machine mimics cognitive functions that humans
associate with other human minds, such as learning and problem solving.
The goals of AI research include:
● Reasoning
● Knowledge representation
● Planning
● Learning
● natural language processing
● Perception
● The ability to move and manipulate objects
● General intelligence is among the field's long-term goals.

8. Science and Technology
Artificial Intelligence + Siri
● Siri is a spin-off from a project
originally developed by the SRI
International Artificial Intelligence
Center.
● Its speech recognition engine was
provided by Nuance Communications
● Siri uses advanced machine learning
technologies to function.
● Learns short/long term memory as
the user uses more

9. Science and Technology
● F
○ Force
● T
○ Strength
● S
○ Diversity of
possible
futures
● Tau
○ Future Time
Horizon

10. People & Organizations
● IBM Watson
● Intel
● Amazon
● Microsoft
● Tesla/SpaceX - Elon Musk
● Google - Andrew Ng, Jeff Dean
● Facebook - Yan LeCun
The contributions to AI by most of
these people and companies were
not for the direct use of AI but to
better enhance their companies to
allow for better service.

11. Future Works
● 2035 - computers will be as intelligent as a human
● 200 years ago = 90% people worked in agriculture; Now 2%
● What is Artificial Intelligence?
○ the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require
human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and
translation between languages.
● Autonomous Vehicles and Robots

13. Autonomous Vehicles
● While some predict widespread use of fully autonomous vehicles is
decades away, Senator James White (R-Albuquerque) said it could be
closer to 5-to-10 years away. And in fact, some semi-autonomous
vehicles are already on the road today.
○ Budweiser used “Otto,” a self-driving truck, to deliver beer in a highly promoted public
relations act.
○ In New Mexico, it’s the I-10 corridor that could see big advances in automated trucks
■ Cities are still in progress

14. Full Steam Ahead
● Waymo says that by 2020 — that is, two years from now — its fleet of
self-driving Jaguars will be doing as many as a million trips per day.
○ 20,000 Jaguars Land Rovers
● “If you are driving a Tesla equipped with Autopilot hardware, you are
3.7 times less likely to be involved in a fatal accident.” It added that
there is one automotive fatality every 86 million miles across all
vehicles. In cars with Autopilot, it claims, that plunges to one every
320 million miles.

15. Artificial Intelligence bots
● It's predicted that AI bots will power 85% of customer service interactions by 2020 and will drive
up to $33 trillion of annual economic growth.
● Experts predict that AI will outperform humans in the next 10 years in tasks such as translating
languages (by 2024), writing high school essays (by 2026), and driving trucks (by 2027).
● Cleaning or doing basic “tasks” will be done by AI bots

16. Independent research
1. Health Care
2. Marketing
3. Lifestyle
4. Transportation
5. Finance

17. Quantum Computing
● Classical computers operate on binary bits of information which is in two states-1 or 0
● Quantum computers use quantum bits which operate in both states 1 and 0 through
superpositioning
● Benefits - advancing cancer research and unlocking mysteries of the universe
● Financial world would benefit through use of quantum computers with algorithmic
trading
● Threats - Security breaches ex. Cryptocurrency (biggest bank robbery in the world)

18. Political Economy
● Three Largest Players: Deepmind, Google, Facebook
● Big Data, Internet of things
● Uses in advertising and social media
● Government Regulation? Clueless
○ Musk and Hawking
○ It is important for the future
○ Will it become too powerful?

19. Political Economy
Research:
● Elon Musk fears AI
● “I think human extinction will probably
occur, and technology will likely play
a part in this”
● Evolving too fast: Scared of Google
● “produce something evil by
accident”—including, possibly, “a
fleet of artificial intelligence-
enhanced robots capable of
destroying mankind.”

20. Economy of AI
Future of labor with AI
● AI matches of exceeds human performance
● Several tasks traditionally performed by humans have already
been replaced
● Capabilities will grow and become more widespread
● Labor will change drastically as AI grows
● Fear of jobs taken

21. Independent Research
Research:
● In some countries, such as
Japan and China, people work
too much and don’t have
enough time to form intimate
relationships with a partner.
● So, many believe these bots
are needed.
● Beginning to change the
human experience
Analysis:
● Over our lives AI will
replace a lot of things
● How far is too far?