ART-APPRECIATION.pptx
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The document discusses the basic philosophical perspectives of art from several influential thinkers. Plato viewed art as mere imitation, as the physical world contains only copies of ideal forms. Aristotle agreed art imitates reality but saw it as representing possible versions rather than exact copies. Kant considered beauty subjective yet universal, making art autonomous. Tolstoy saw art as conveying emotions between artist and audience across time.
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According to Plato's imitation theory of art, artworks are imitations that are twice removed from reality. Using the example of a couch, Plato believed the true artist was God who inspired the carpenter, who then inspired the painter. Art imitates ordinary objects and events in life, making it an imitation of things that already exist. Plato criticized art forms like poetry and painting as inferior copies, focusing on their representational quality rather than their value. He believed representation through art was inferior to ultimate truth.
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Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived from approximately 428/427 BC to 348/347 BC. He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle, two other renowned philosophers.
Plato is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the development of Western philosophy. His philosophical ideas and writings have had a significant influence on various fields, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, epistemology, and aesthetics.
One of Plato's most famous works is "The Republic," in which he presents his ideas about justice and the ideal state. In this dialogue, Plato explores concepts such as the nature of reality, the nature of the soul, and the philosopher-king.
Plato's philosophy is characterized by his theory of Forms or Ideas. According to Plato, the physical world that we perceive with our senses is merely a reflection or imperfect copy of an ideal, eternal realm of Forms. The Forms are abstract, unchanging, and perfect concepts or essences that serve as the true objects of knowledge.
Plato also emphasized the importance of education and the pursuit of knowledge. He believed that true knowledge could only be attained through a process of philosophical inquiry and contemplation.
In addition to his philosophical ideas, Plato made significant contributions to other disciplines. He founded the Academy in Athens, which was one of the earliest known organized institutions of higher learning in the Western world. The Academy became a center for intellectual and philosophical activity for several centuries.
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Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived from approximately 428/427 BC to 348/347 BC. He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle, two other renowned philosophers.
Plato is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the development of Western philosophy. His philosophical ideas and writings have had a significant influence on various fields, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, epistemology, and aesthetics.
One of Plato's most famous works is "The Republic," in which he presents his ideas about justice and the ideal state. In this dialogue, Plato explores concepts such as the nature of reality, the nature of the soul, and the philosopher-king.
Plato's philosophy is characterized by his theory of Forms or Ideas. According to Plato, the physical world that we perceive with our senses is merely a reflection or imperfect copy of an ideal, eternal realm of Forms. The Forms are abstract, unchanging, and perfect concepts or essences that serve as the true objects of knowledge.
Plato also emphasized the importance of education and the pursuit of knowledge. He believed that true knowledge could only be attained through a process of philosophical inquiry and contemplation.
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Running Head IMITATIVE ART1IMITATIVE ART3Imit.docx
Running Head: IMITATIVE ART 1
IMITATIVE ART 3
Imitation As the Specific Concept That Most Piqued My Interest in Art
Student’s Name:
Instructor’s Name:
Institution Affiliation:
Course Name and Number:
Date Submitted:
Imitation As the Specific Concept That Most Piqued My Interest in Art
The specific concept in the different art and poetry topics that most piqued my interest is “imitation”. As noted in Book X, Plato banishes the poets from his city simply because he says that they are imitators who cannot spread wisdom due to falsity of their pieces of art. Plato was unlike his ancient Greek counterparts who thought that drama, poetry, and other forms of fine art were imitations of reality, a reality that could be actual or potential. They in fact believed that fine art was imitative in nature and attached a great importance to poetry as an integral part of the Greek education. Further, the Greeks held art as an imitation of nature or reality. However, because Plato’s theory on nature and reality was widely different just like was his ideas on the mechanism of imitation from other theorists and poets, he banished the poets as liars (Plato 2015).
Similarly, Danto compares Socrates and Hamlet who describe art as a mirror meaning that art is an imitation of nature. From his point of view, the mirror perspective of both Socrates and Hamlet defining art as a mirror, makes art an imitation or mirror image that is meant to deceive because it is an imitation lacking reality or originality of craftsmanship. He therefore, demystifies Hamlet’s thinking of art as a mirror that shows people what we they cannot see for themselves, as well as Socrates thinking that art is like a mirror that reflects what people can already see (Danto 1964, 571-584). It is therefore evident that the topic of imitation in art is dominant in both Danto’s and Plato’s reading making it a topic that piques my interest in art.
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According Plato, art can never truly represent reality, for life itself, of which art is merely a copy, does not represent reality. This is why he says that the world, we experience it, is just an illusion or collection of mere appearances which are like reflections in a mirror or shadows on a wall (Muller, 1982, 229-247). Therefore, he believes that anything the artists produce is just an imitation that lacks reality. Further, any artistic representation is at best a third remove from reality according to Plato. He only asserts that only God is perfectly good, and therefore changeless and incapable of deceit, but artists are deceptive. On the other hand, Danto emphasizes the need for reality as opposed to imitation. He for instance explains that art is something that is original and distinguishable. Although it may look like the exact object it is however easily recognized and distinguished from all others.
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Aristotle's theory of imitation argues that imitation leads to truth and should be learned by all. In contrast to Plato, who viewed imitation as twice removed from reality, Aristotle saw imitation as a creative process that can uplift morality. Aristotle defined three ways of imitation: medium, which is the means of creation; object, such as whether tragedy depicts humans as better than reality; and manner, like whether narration is used.
Running Head IMITATIVE ART1IMITATIVE ART3Imit.docx
Running Head: IMITATIVE ART 1
IMITATIVE ART 3
Imitation As the Specific Concept That Most Piqued My Interest in Art
Student’s Name:
Instructor’s Name:
Institution Affiliation:
Course Name and Number:
Date Submitted:
Imitation As the Specific Concept That Most Piqued My Interest in Art
The specific concept in the different art and poetry topics that most piqued my interest is “imitation”. As noted in Book X, Plato banishes the poets from his city simply because he says that they are imitators who cannot spread wisdom due to falsity of their pieces of art. Plato was unlike his ancient Greek counterparts who thought that drama, poetry, and other forms of fine art were imitations of reality, a reality that could be actual or potential. They in fact believed that fine art was imitative in nature and attached a great importance to poetry as an integral part of the Greek education. Further, the Greeks held art as an imitation of nature or reality. However, because Plato’s theory on nature and reality was widely different just like was his ideas on the mechanism of imitation from other theorists and poets, he banished the poets as liars (Plato 2015).
Similarly, Danto compares Socrates and Hamlet who describe art as a mirror meaning that art is an imitation of nature. From his point of view, the mirror perspective of both Socrates and Hamlet defining art as a mirror, makes art an imitation or mirror image that is meant to deceive because it is an imitation lacking reality or originality of craftsmanship. He therefore, demystifies Hamlet’s thinking of art as a mirror that shows people what we they cannot see for themselves, as well as Socrates thinking that art is like a mirror that reflects what people can already see (Danto 1964, 571-584). It is therefore evident that the topic of imitation in art is dominant in both Danto’s and Plato’s reading making it a topic that piques my interest in art.
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According Plato, art can never truly represent reality, for life itself, of which art is merely a copy, does not represent reality. This is why he says that the world, we experience it, is just an illusion or collection of mere appearances which are like reflections in a mirror or shadows on a wall (Muller, 1982, 229-247). Therefore, he believes that anything the artists produce is just an imitation that lacks reality. Further, any artistic representation is at best a third remove from reality according to Plato. He only asserts that only God is perfectly good, and therefore changeless and incapable of deceit, but artists are deceptive. On the other hand, Danto emphasizes the need for reality as opposed to imitation. He for instance explains that art is something that is original and distinguishable. Although it may look like the exact object it is however easily recognized and distinguished from all others.
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- Early Greek poets were aware of their ability to craft narratives and were described as "makers" of their poems, rather than just instruments of the gods. Poetry was seen as having the power to persuade and arouse emotions in listeners.
- Plato was intensely engaged with poetry but ultimately hostile to it in The Republic due to its ability to appeal to emotions and pleasures rather than reason. He viewed poetry as worthless imitation.
- Aristotle's Poetics established poetry as an independent art with its own logic and principles. Unlike Plato, he saw poetry as based on rational skill and believed its imitation and arousal of emotions could benefit learning.
Philosophy 100: Chapt 7
This chapter examines aesthetic experience and art's role in revealing truth. It discusses various philosophers' views on art, including Plato seeing art as removed from truth, and Aristotle believing art can cause catharsis. The chapter also covers how art may serve as a spiritual practice. It analyzes how Schelling, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and Heidegger see art revealing truth through experience rather than mimesis. The chapter argues art can reveal truth and change perspectives through techniques like Impressionism and Cubism.
Aristotle
The document provides biographical and intellectual background on Aristotle. It discusses that Aristotle was born in Stagira and studied under Plato at his Academy for 20 years before founding his own school, the Lyceum. While influenced by Plato, Aristotle disagreed with some of Plato's core doctrines, believing it was possible to achieve true knowledge through empirical observation of the natural world, rather than just through transcending the physical. The document outlines some of Aristotle's major works and contributions to fields like logic, metaphysics, ethics, politics, and poetics.
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- 1. Functions of GE 6 - ART APPRECIATION ANGELINE REYNANCIA BEEd I - A
- 12. Basic Philosophical Perspective of GE 6 - ART APPRECIATION ATHEENA CHASEN ABILA BEEd I - A
- 13. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence. Point of view Philosophical Perspective of Arts The study of the nature of art, including concepts such as interpretation, representation and expression, and form. It is closely related to aesthetics, the philosophical study of beauty and taste.
- 14. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART According to Plato, artist are imitators and art is just a mere imitations. The things in this world are only copies of the original, the eternal and the true entities that can only be found in the world of forms.
- 15. The theory of forms or theory of ideas is plato's argument that non- physical forms (or ideas) represent the most accurate reality. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 16. Form It is an objective "blue print " of perfection. The forms are perfect themselves because they are unchanging. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 17. Just like Plato, he claimed that art is just an imitation of imitation. for Plato art is dangerous because it provides a petty replacement for the real entities that can only be attained through reason. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 18. Aristotle, Plato's most important student in philosophy, agreed with his teacher that art is a form of imitation. However, in contrast to his mentor's disgust, Aristotle conceived of art as representing possible versions of reality. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 19. For Aristotle, all kinds of art do not aim to represent reality as it is but to provide a vision of what might be or the many possibilities in reality. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 20. Immanuel Kant considered the judgement of beauty the cornerstone of art, as something that can be universal despite its subjectivity. And therefore, art is innately autonomous from specific interest . BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART
- 21. According to Leo Tolstoy, art place a huge role in community in its audience emotions that the artist previously experienced. Art is central to man's existence because it makes accessible feelings and emotions of people from the past in the present. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ART