The Arts and Crafts Movement began in Britain in 1880 in response to concerns about the effects of industrialization, spreading across Europe and America. Inspired by social reformers like Walter Crane and John Ruskin and designer William Morris, it established new principles for design, traditional skills, and quality of life, advocating art reform across all levels of society and turning homes into works of art.

1. Art & Craft Movement
The Arts and Crafts Movement initially developed in
Britain around 1880 and quickly spread across America
and Europe before emerging finally as the Mingei (Folk
Crafts) movement in Japan.
This movement was inspired by the social reform
concerns of thinkers such as Walter Crane and John Ruskin,
together with the ideals of reformer and designer, William
Morris.
It was a movement born of ideals. It grew out of a
concern for the effects of industrialization: on design, on
traditional skills and on the lives of ordinary people. In
response, it established a new set of principles for living
and working. It advocated the reform of art at every level
and across a broad social spectrum, and it
turned the home into a work of art.
"Trellis" wallpaper, by William
Morris, 1862
Golden lily minor, by William Morris